Journal of Engineering and Scientific Research (JESR)
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Design of Long-Distance Shrimp Pond Monitoring Using 2.4 GHz IoT Digital Radio Line-of-Sight Transmission
Full text linkWater quality plays a vital role in shrimp farming, as suboptimal conditions can increase stress levels and disease susceptibility, potentially resulting in mass mortality. Real-time water quality monitoring enabled by Internet of Things (IoT) technology presents a promising solution to this issue. However, implementing IoT systems in shrimp ponds, typically situated in open, low-vegetation, and aquatic environments, poses technical challenges, particularly in maintaining line-of-sight (LOS) conditions between sensor nodes and gateway nodes. This study utilizes a linear path profiling method to evaluate LOS feasibility. A straight-line path is drawn between the transmitter and receiver to determine the minimum required antenna height for unobstructed signal propagation. For a 2.4 GHz WiFi-based transmission over a 1.27 km distance, ensuring 30% Fresnel zone clearance requires the sensor antenna to be elevated 1.5 meters above the water surface, while the gateway antenna must be positioned at a minimum height of 6.5 meters above ground level, assuming a ground elevation of 1.5 meters above mean sea level (AMSL). To achieve a minimum Received Signal Level (RSL) of -80 dBm, simulation results indicate that the system needs a transmit power of at least 12 dBm when using a gateway antenna with 8 dBi gain, or 8 dBm if the gateway antenna has 20 dBi gain, assuming the transmitter antenna gain is 2 dBi. The study also presents a simulation-based relationship between RSL and transmit power across different receiver antenna gains (2 dBi, 8 dBi, and 20 dBi), providing insights for optimizing IoT-based monitoring systems in aquaculture environments
Design and Implementation of A Solar-Driven Spy Security Motion Detector
Full text linkThis project designs and implements a solar-powered spy security system with motion detection capability. The system integrates a solar panel, charge controller, battery, PIR sensor, 555 timer IC, buzzer, WiFi module, and a spy camera. The solar panel recharges the battery, providing a sustainable power source. The PIR sensor detects motion, triggering the 555 timer IC to activate the buzzer and spy camera. The system captures images or records videos only when motion is detected, conserving energy and memory space. The spy camera connects to a smart device via WiFi, enabling remote viewing of captured footage. Testing demonstrated the system's effectiveness as a reliable and efficient security solution. This project addresses the limitations of traditional CCTV cameras, providing a more efficient and sustainable solution for home security. The design leverages principles of electrical and electronics engineering, including circuit design, electronics, and control systems. Future enhancements can include integrating Artificial Intelligence to improve security and reduce false alarms
The Effect of Chamfer Angle Variations on the Quality of Friction Welding Results of AZ-31B Magnesium
Full text linkFriction welding is one of the solid-state welding types. Friction welding is a joining process whose application melts the material itself by using the heat generated between the surfaces through a combination of rotational motion and the application of compressive loads. The use of magnesium alloys is widely used in various industrial fields, examples of magnesium alloy applications include coating materials from iron and steel as a means of protecting against corrosion. The use of AZ-31B series magnesium alloys has a high specific strength compared to other series such as AM. The purpose of this final project research is to determine the effect of the addition of chamfer angle on the tensile strength value and microstructure of AZ-31B magnesium friction welding results. From this research, the results obtained in tensile testing are that the addition of the chamfer angle to the surface of the weld specimen will increase the tensile strength value. The highest maximum stress value was obtained in the chamfer angle variation of 300 with an average of 228.525 MPa and the lowest maximum stress value was in the material that did not use the chamfer angle variation with an average of 105.722 MPa. Based on microstructure testing, it shows differences in ?- Mg and ?-Mg phase grains17 Al12 in each region, this is influenced by heat and also the melting generated from welding so that it changes its microstructure
Structural Geology Identification based on Derivative Analysis Gravity Data in Tangkuban Perahu Mountain
Full text linkThe earth is composed of structures with different rock types, properties, and characteristics and can be known by applying the laws of physics in the form of geophysical methods such as the gravity method. The gravity method is a passive geophysical method that is widely used for geodynamic and exploration studies in estimating fault structures. The aim of this research is to model the subsurface geological structure based on the results of derivative analysis of gravity data related to geothermal prospects. The data used are GGMplus gravity acceleration data and topography (elevation) from each measurement point, totaling 6889. The data was then subjected to several corrections to produce a complete Bouguer anomaly. Then, the next stage is derivative analysis, which is used to obtain a subsurface geological structure model and geothermal prospects for the Tangkuban Perahu area. Based on the correlation between derivative analysis and two-dimensional modeling results, it can be seen that the Tangkuban Perahu geothermal system is controlled by structures in the form of horsts and grabens formed due to Tangkuban Perahu volcanic activity. The Tangkuban Perahu geothermal reservoir prospect is estimated to be at a depth of around 0.6 km – 2.8 km with a density ranging from 2.15 g/cc to 2.45 g/cc, which is estimated to be basalt breccia
An Assessment on Green Campus Rating of the University of Lampung Main Campus
Full text linkCurrently, people perceive higher education as an industry that operates within a specific area. Therefore, the concept of a green campus or eco-campus can be linked to the concept of a green neighborhood. The aim of carrying out this assessment is to determine the performance of the Gedong Meneng Campus of the University of Lampung based on the Greenship Neighborhood Rating Tool criteria from the Green Building Council Indonesia (GBCI). The research data was obtained primarily based on observations, along with secondary data in the form of formal documents such as the campus master plan and several other documents. Based on the assessment result, despite the fact that the campus has implemented principles of the sustainable green neighborhood concept, it has not been able to obtain even the lowest rank of Greenship Neighborhood. With a score of 38 out of a total of 117 points, or 34.48%, it is only a small difference to achieve a bronze rank. The assessment results led to the formulation of a set of cost-free management solutions aimed at transforming the campus area into a green campus neighborhood. By improving community welfare, movement, and connectivity, as well as land ecology criteria, it is expected that the score would increase by 22 points, resulting in a Silver Rank that can be achieved
Assessment of Data Over 3G and 4G LTE Networks in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria
Full text linkThe routes plied are situated in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria with different longitude and latitude respectively to assess the signal quality of 3G and 4G networks, compare four service/network providers in terms of coverage, service quality with respect to location, and determine areas with weak strength that needs optimization of different operators. The relevance of this study is to provide information as regards each operator in order to provide solution and to educate the subscribers for proper fixed or dynamic internet usage and voice calls. The work would benefit users within the city and the network providers. The mast is built in a sectorial way so that it could serve the arc and has a monitoring neighbor BTS (Base Transceiver Station) in sectorial way so it can circulate the area, though during the test, it was noticed that there are some areas with no monitoring neighbor BTS. The results show the received signal strength indicator (signal strength quality) of each network provider
Design Of A Security System Tool For Tapis Fabric Object In Lampung Museum Based On Internet Of Things (IoT) Technology
Full text linkThe Lampung Museum has many historical collections, one of which is tapis cloth. The tapis cloth collection at the Lampung Museum is still not safe because the layout is still open and the distance is far from CCTV. This study aims to design a series of security systems using two Passive Infra Red (PIR) sensor inputs and a buzzer output and a VC0706 camera at the Lampung Museum which can be monitored directly remotely with notifications on the Telegram platform. The research method used is design and testing (subsystem testing and overall system testing). The data from this research are the results of system design, how the security system works on filter cloth objects and the overall system. The security system was tested using Telkomsel, Indosat and Tri providers. The results obtained for image quality 640 x 480 Pixels obtained an average delivery time from Telkomsel providers for 25.2 seconds, providers for Indosat 27.4 seconds and Tri providers for 28.6 seconds. then an experiment was carried out with 3 different image qualities, namely 640 x 480 Pixels, 320 x 240 Pixels and 160 x 120 Pixels with Telkomsel provider with an average sending value for image quality 640 x480 Pixels for 25.2 seconds, image quality 320 x 240 Pixels for 20.5 seconds and 160 x 120 Pixel image quality for 17.7 seconds. Then testing sending Telegram notifications remotely from a security system tool and obtained that the time sent notifications from the Arduino IDE serial monitor is the same as the time received notifications on the Telegram platform, which means sending notifications takes place in real time.
The Lampung Museum has many historical collections, one of which is tapis cloth. The tapis cloth collection at the Lampung Museum is still not safe because the layout is still open and the distance is far from CCTV. This study aims to design a series of security systems using two Passive Infra Red (PIR) sensor inputs and a buzzer output and a VC0706 camera at the Lampung Museum which can be monitored directly remotely with notifications on the Telegram platform. The research method used is design and testing (subsystem testing and overall system testing). The data from this research are the results of system design, how the security system works on filter cloth objects and the overall system. The security system was tested using Telkomsel, Indosat and Tri providers. The results obtained for image quality 640 x 480 Pixels obtained an average delivery time from Telkomsel providers for 25.2 seconds, providers for Indosat 27.4 seconds and Tri providers for 28.6 seconds. then an experiment was carried out with 3 different image qualities, namely 640 x 480 Pixels, 320 x 240 Pixels and 160 x 120 Pixels with Telkomsel provider with an average sending value for image quality 640 x480 Pixels for 25.2 seconds, image quality 320 x 240 Pixels for 20.5 seconds and 160 x 120 Pixel image quality for 17.7 seconds. Then testing sending Telegram notifications remotely from a security system tool and obtained that the time sent notifications from the Arduino IDE serial monitor is the same as the time received notifications on the Telegram platform, which means sending notifications takes place in real time
Green Innovation for SMEs in Indonesia – A Literature Analysis
Full text linkImproving the performance of small and medium enterprises (SME) means enhancing the economics of a nation, considering that SMEs are the biggest part in global economic activities. The higher the SME’s activities, the higher the economic growth occurs in a country. However, nurturing SMEs activities affect the environment, while the damage inclines every day in a worrying level. There is a huge demand to suppress down the environmental damage rate globally, as if it causes a contradictive goal with the economic perspective. Thus, a compromise should be made between both expectations, even it is not easy to do so. Answering to the problem, discussions have been made among scholars around the world, including in Indonesia as an emerging country. Theories and methods were proposed, varying based on characteristics in each region. Especially in Indonesia, there is a lack of literature review on this field, which is actually required to depict the current condition, to evaluate the discussion effectiveness and to develop future improvements. Therefore, this article aims to fill this gap by presenting scientific articles related to the topic and reviewing the discussion. Subsequently, a classification of the articles based on identified themes is conducted. And further the classification is used to see more specific gaps in the discussion and to provide recommendation for the next studies
Review: The Use of Eco-Enzymes in Greywater Treatment
Full text linkWater pollution such as in rivers has become a concern due to its impact on health and the decreasing availability of clean water. There is a common assumption that industrial pollution is the main cause of water pollution. However, an interesting fact is that river pollution is largely dominated by contamination from household wastewater (domestic waste) discharged directly into drainage systems and ending up in rivers without prior treatment. Such cases are particularly prevalent in developing countries. Therefore, the challenge is to find solutions to treat domestic wastewater using simpler and cheaper technologies. Current research is focused on treating domestic wastewater especially greywater with eco-enzymes. Eco-enzymes are enzymes produced from the fermentation process of organic materials such as fruit peels or vegetable scraps for a minimum of three months. This paper will review the treatment of greywater using eco-enzymes, including the eco-enzyme production process, its characteristics, greywater characteristics, the methods employed, and the research findings. Finally, the paper will recommend possible avenues for further research related to the treatment of greywater using eco-enzyme