OpenMETU (Middle East Technical University)
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Microbial dysbiosis fuels STING-driven autoinflammation through cyclic dinucleotides
Get PDFAberrant activation of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is a hallmark of autoinflammatory disorders such as STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy (SAVI), characterized by systemic inflammation affecting blood vessels, skin, and lungs. Despite its clinical significance, the mechanisms linking STING activation to disease pathology remain poorly defined. In this study, we demonstrated that SAVI mice harboring the N153S STING mutation exhibit diverse disease phenotypes, with a subset developing severe colitis and diarrhea alongside exacerbated systemic inflammation. These diarrheal SAVI mice showed pronounced dysbiosis, marked by reduced short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria and an enrichment of segmented filamentous bacteria. This microbial imbalance was accompanied by elevated levels of both microbial and host-derived cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs), potent activators of the STING pathway. Notably, antibiotic treatment ameliorated inflammation, underscoring the role of dysbiosis in driving STING-mediated autoinflammation. Furthermore, in SAVI patients, elevated systemic microbial and host-derived CDNs were observed. In conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)—a heterogeneous autoimmune disease with potential STING involvement—systemic microbial CDNs were significantly correlated with disease biomarkers, including type I interferon scores and anti-dsDNA antibodies. In contrast, no such correlations were observed in STING-independent conditions like rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Importantly, this study highlights that both microbial and host-derived CDNs are key drivers of STING activation, suggesting that personalized treatment strategies could target cGAS or the microbiome based on a patient's specific CDN profile. These findings position systemic CDNs as valuable biomarkers and therapeutic targets for STING-driven diseases
Change in Teachers SSI Teaching Beliefs Through SSI Based Instruction
No full textThe purpose of the study was to investigate how 10 preservice science teachers’ teaching SSI
beliefs were changed from at the beginning of the SSI based instruction to the end of
instruction. This study also examined how their teaching SSI beliefs were changed in the
context of science education and SSI teaching. This study was conducted in an
Interdisciplinary Science Teaching Course, where science, technology, society, environment
framework (STSE) and socioscientific issues (SSI) were integrated for the first time. Semistructured interview protocol was used at the beginning and end of the instruction. The
results revealed that PSTs’ SSI teaching beliefs were changed to embracing SSI teaching for
instructional strategies, and assessment themes. However, the same was not the case for the
theme of teachers' teaching skills. The last theme, challenges for teachers, shows that preservice teachers have limitations during SSI teaching such as time management, classroom
management, and content knowledge
Bilim bilim için mi, bilim eğitim politikaları için mi? Türkiye’de eğitim araştırmalarının yeniden üretilebilirliği ve açık bilim uygulamaları
No full textGenelleştirilmiş Çebişev Polinomlarının ve İlişkili Sonlu Cisim Parametrizasyonlarının Hesaplanması
No full textLet \mf{g} be a semisimple Lie algebra. The Weyl group of \mf{g} acts on the lattice generated by the fundamental weights, and the exponential orbit sums associated with these weights form invariants under the group. Generalized Chebyshev polynomials P^K_\mf{g} are defined via these exponential invariants, where is an integer matrix. In this thesis, we develop algorithms in the PARI/GP programming language to compute Weyl groups, generalized Chebyshev polynomials P^K_\mf{g}, and parametrizations of \F_q^n using fixed points of these polynomials. We also analyze the value sets of these polynomials over finite fields and investigate certain properties such as arithmetic exceptionality.Yarı basit bir Lie cebiri olan \mf{g}'yi ele alalım. Bu Lie cebirinin Weyl grubu, temel ağırlıklar tarafından oluşturulan örgü üzerinde etki eder ve bu ağırlıklarla ilişkili üstel yörünge toplamları grup altında değişmez yapılar oluşturur. Genelleştirilmiş Çebișev polinomları, P^K_{\mf{g}}, bu üstel değişmezler aracılığıyla tanımlanır. Burada bir tamsayı matrisidir. Bu tezde, PARI/GP programlama dili kullanılarak Weyl gruplarını, P^K_{\mf{g}} genelleştirilmiş Çebișev polinomlarını, ve bu polinomların sabit noktaları kullanılarak \F_q^n'nin parametrizasyonlarını hesaplamak için algoritmalar geliştiriyoruz. Ayrıca bu polinomların sonlu cisimler üzerindeki değer kümelerini analiz ediyor ve aritmetik istisnailik gibi bazı özelliklerini inceliyoruz.M.S. - Master of ScienceTübitak ARDEB 1001 Project (124F146)Tübitak BİDEB 221
A framework for regional high-level technical screening of promising CCUS value chains
No full textTo support the European Green Deal and accelerate climate mitigation, the CCUS ZEN project conducted a high-level technical screening of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) value chains in the Baltic and Mediterranean regions. These regions were chosen, since they have lower maturity levels for CCUS compared with the current development in the North Sea region. The study mapped industrial carbon dioxide (CO2) emission sources, potential storage sites, transport infrastructure, and utilization options. Emission clusters and hubs were identified based on volume, location, and industry type, while for each mapped storage site, information was gathered about the type of reservoir (deep saline aquifer or depleted hydrocarbon field), the onshore or offshore location, the capacity of the reservoir and the Storage Readiness Level, indicating the maturity of the capacity evaluation. Transport options included pipelines, shipping, and multimodal solutions were presented. This study defined unique high-level technical CCUS value chain screening workflow for mapping of emitters, infrastructures to storage screening. An open geographical information system was used for mapping the emitters and storage sites from previous reports, and to illustrate emission clusters and possible transport routes, both existing and future infrastructures. The screening revealed significant CO2emission sources and storage capacities across the regions, with notable clusters in Poland, Germany, Italy, and Turkey. The Baltic region showed three times the storage capacity of the Mediterranean region. Eight promising CCUS value chains were defined, integrating source-sink matching and infrastructure feasibility. A detailed case study of Southern Italy and Greece was presented, to demonstrate the potential for regional CCUS deployment, highlighting challenges such as data availability, storage capacity uncertainty, transport possibilities and stakeholder coordination. This study will provide a foundation for further development and stakeholder engagement in CCUS planning across Europe
