International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS)
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Gender disparities in knowledge of urban adolescents dating violence: differential item function analysis in rasch model
Get PDFAdolescent dating violence (ADV) is a global public health problem that has a serious impact on adolescents' physical, psychological, and social development. This study aimed to explore gender disparities in Indonesian adolescents' knowledge of dating violence using the Rasch Model and Differential Item Function Analysis. A total of 250 junior high school students in Yogyakarta, consisting of 107 males and 143 females, participated. The ADV knowledge measurement instrument consisted of 16 previously tested items for validity and reliability. Results showed that female students had a higher level of knowledge than male students, especially in identifying emotional and physical violence. Differential item function (DIF) analysis revealed that two items showed differences in perception based on gender, with female students focusing more on physical violence. In contrast, male students tended to view physical violence as a more common behaviour. This study highlights the importance of more inclusive and gender-sensitive educational programs to increase adolescents' knowledge of different forms of dating violence. The findings provide important insights for the development of interventions that can help prevent dating violence among adolescents
Enhancing cancer patient care via nursing apps: a systematic review
Get PDFDigital health interventions have been shown to be effective in improving the quality of life for cancer patients through education, symptom management, and psychosocial support. This research aims to identify application content that can enhance the quality of life for cancer patients. The method used is a systematic review based on the population, intervention, comparison, outcome, study design (PICOS) criteria. From the search, 941 articles were found in the JSTOR database (n = 11), Science Direct (n = 54), ProQuest (n = 609), and Springer Link (n = 267), with a publication period from 2019 to 2024. The keywords used include: nursing applications, cancer, application content, quality of life, and randomized clinical trials (RCT). The inclusion criteria encompass RCT published in peer-reviewed journals, written in English, and utilizing digital applications as interventions to improve the quality of life for cancer patients. This research includes patients aged 16-80 from various countries, including China, Turkey, Ireland, Taiwan, and Australia. The results show that digital interventions such as digital storytelling, education through applications, nurse support programs, and virtual reality significantly improve patients' quality of life. The intervention content includes six main themes: medical education, symptom management, psychosocial support, multidisciplinary interventions, physical activity, and relaxation, as well as interactive digital platforms
Spatial analysis of tuberculosis based on geographic information systems in Sleman district, Special Region Yogyakarta
Get PDFThe number of tuberculosis cases continues to rise annually, with Sleman Regency recording 2,372 cases in 2024, making it one of the highest in the Special Region of Yogyakarta Province. This study aims to analyze spatial autocorrelation and spatial relationships of tuberculosis cases in Sleman Regency in 2024 using geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial analysis. A quantitative cross-sectional design was applied to 1,406 tuberculosis cases across 86 villages. Bivariate local indicators of spatial association (LISA) analysis were performed using GeoDa software, while geographically weighted regression (GWR) in R Studio examined local environmental influences. Bivariate LISA results showed no significant spatial autocorrelation for population density, air temperature, air humidity, precipitation, and altitude (p-values: 0.173, 0.265, 0.138, 0.312, and 0.401, respectively). GWR revealed negative correlations between these variables and tuberculosis cases. Findings highlight spatial patterns and inform targeted interventions, recommending enhanced tuberculosis awareness and treatment access in low-density, high-incidence areas, along with public education on ventilation and preventive measures during colder seasons, and strengthened prevention in high-risk lowland villages
Reproductive tract infections among geriatric population in a block of West Bengal: knowledge and risk behaviour assessment
Get PDFReproductive tract infections (RTIs) among the geriatric population remains neglected, causing increase in morbidity. This study aimed to elicit knowledge, identify risk behaviour for RTIs among the elderly residing in a block of West Bengal, to determine any associations between sociodemographic profile with knowledge and risk behaviour respectively, and to assess any correlation between knowledge and risk behaviour. A community-based study was conducted using multistage sampling, among 158 geriatric residents of a rural block in West Bengal, India for a period of 3 months in 2023. Face-to-face interviews were carried out using an interview schedule. Overall median scores were calculated separately for knowledge and risk behaviour domains. Score < median score was categorized as ‘inadequate knowledge’ and score ≥ median was classified as ‘high risk’ behaviour. Nearly 30% reportedly had ‘inadequate knowledge’ while 77% had ‘high risk’ behavior for RTIs. Higher odds of inadequate knowledge and high-risk behavior were observed among those who were employed and those who availed of any social security scheme(s). Moderately positive correlation was obtained between knowledge and risk behavior
Examining stigma dynamics: a scoping review of social network analysis in communicable disease contexts
Get PDFThe global COVID-19 pandemic has brought attention to the profound impact of stigma on individuals, communities, and societies. Social network analysis (SNA), based on network theory, offers a transformative approach to investigate the complex interplay of social structures, relationships, and information dissemination in communicable disease contexts. This scoping review aims to examine the utilization of SNA in studying stigma dynamics related to communicable diseases, assess the current research landscape, identify gaps, and highlight key findings. Three databases (Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed) were searched for studies on SNA and stigma in communicable diseases. From the identified studies, three eligible articles were selected for review, providing insights into the role of stigma as a barrier to social integration, thereby impacting network centrality. The review also explores patterns of stigma communication on social media and examines the impact of interventions on individuals’ social networks. Overall, this review emphasizes the value of SNA in comprehending the intricate relationships between social networks and stigma in communicable disease contexts
Anaemia: female youth’s knowledge and supplementation program management
Get PDFThe prevalence of anaemia among adolescent girls in Indonesia is 18.4%. One of the main indicator targets is reducing the prevalence of anaemia is in the form of iron-folic acid (IFA) supplementation for adolescent girls. The research aims to analyze knowledge of female youth on anaemia and management of iron-folic acid supplementation. This study used a cross-sectional design, and it was conducted in 24 senior high schools in Cianjur Regency (high stunting area) and Depok City (low stunting area). The total sample of this study was 243 female youth. The study began from September 2019 to February 2020 for the 1st term and continued from October 2022 to March 2023 for the 2nd term. The quantitative result showed that there was a significant difference in knowledge about the frequency of providing the iron-folic acid supplement (IFAS) at school and the duration in a year that students must consume the IFAS between high stunting and low stunting (p=0.000). A significant proportion of female youth, 67.5% in high stunting areas and 71.7% in low stunting areas, exhibit insufficient nutrition knowledge, underscoring the necessity for a nutrition education initiative targeting high school students. The qualitative results showed the input-process-output of the IFA program have been administered for the last few years, providing several constraints in order to improve the IFA program management. Based on those findings, the IFA supplementation program provides a potential chance for addressing anaemia in female youth
Low zinc serum affects insulin-like growth factor-1 level in dehydrated pregnant women
Get PDFMaternal body fluids imbalance affects amniotic fluid, serum sodium-potassium, edema, and preeclampsia. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a growth hormone and a regulator in sodium balance regulation. This study aimed to determine the correlation of IGF-1, zinc, calcium, and sodium with hydration status and the nutrients impact to IGF-1 based on hydration status of pregnant women at Kebon Jeruk Health-Center, West Jakarta. This cohort-prospective study was conducted in December 2016 to January 2018. A total of 66 pregnant women in the second trimester were examined. Urine color, urine specific gravity, serum sodium, serum osmolality and urine were used as hydration status indicators. Zn, Ca, Na, and IGF-1 levels as the growth indicator from mother to fetus. Pearson correlation test, independent t-test and linear regression were used in statistical analysis. There were no differences in IGF-1, Zn, Ca, and Na serum between the two groups (p³0.05). There was no relationship between Ca, Na and IGF-1 level (p³0.05). The regression results show a possitive relation that low zinc serum affect IGF-1 level in dehydrated pregnant women. Therefore, it is necessary for pregnant women to consume zinc-rich foods to increase IGF-1 level and keep hydration status with water consume 3.0 L per-day
Analysis of risk factors and prevention strategy in accidents among coal hauling trucks: a scoping review
Get PDFPowered hauling equipment is one of the most critical operational elements in the mining sector. Haulage is a significant hazard for the mining industry, accounting for over half of all mining-related fatal accidents yearly. Identifying safety risk variables is the foundation of risk assessment and accident prevention. This study aimed to identify risk variables and prevention techniques to reduce occurrences among truck drivers in coal mining. This research approach is a scoping review with the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Thirty-five articles were reviewed based on the results of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis was performed using content analysis. The results show that human, environmental, machine and organizational factors contribute to the risk among truck drivers in coal mining. Safety culture, staffing and scheduling, training and education, policy and procedure implementation, and technology deployment are all part of the accident prevention plan. The central government should pay particular attention to the employment conditions of workers in cities with decreased resources and develop policies to prevent mining-related diseases in local communities
Particulate matter 2.5 pollution, perception, and mental stress
Get PDFMultivariate mediation analyses were used to relate perceptions of particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) pollution level directly and indirectly to mental stress of residents in Bangkok, Thailand. PM2.5 induced concerns about respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, health, and unemployment served as mediators of the indirect effects. This study decomposed full perception into correct perception (actual PM2.5 level) and misperception so that the effects of perception and its components can be examined separately. The data were daily time series, beginning July 30, 2016, and ending September 30, 2023. Unobserved perception, PM2.5 induced concerns, and mental stress were proxied by Google’s relative search volume indexes. Correct perception was the actual PM2.5, whereas misperception was the regression residual of the full perception on the actual PM2.5. In the full sample, full perception and misperception had significant indirect effects, whereas correct perception had a significant direct effect. Respiratory disease was the main contributor to the significant indirect effect, although concern itself was not significant. For the COVID-19 subsample, full perceptions showed significant total, direct, and indirect effects. The significant indirect effect was explained by concerns regarding respiratory diseases and health. Correct perception had a significant direct effect; its indirect effect was small and nonsignificant. The results for misperceptions were similar to those for perceptions
The effectiveness of using ID broth in identifying the outer membrane protein of Salmonella typhi
Get PDFTyphoid fever is an infection that affects the digestive system. It spreads through contaminated food and drinks due to the Salmonella bacteria. One way to develop immunity against Salmonella typhi is by using outer membrane protein (OMP), which activates the cellular immune system. This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of using ID Broth to identify OMP Salmonella typhi. The study was conducted experimentally at the Institute of Tropical Disease from April 2023 to May 2023. For the study, we obtained three samples of Salmonella typhi isolated from East Java, and each sample was replicated three times. We isolated the bacteria and extracted the OMP to measure its levels and perform electrophoresis with SDS-PAGE. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) is a standard protein analysis method. To address sample loading challenges due to stacking gel transparency, an acidic dye was added to improve visibility without affecting gel performance. In this study nutrient agar from MacConkey medium and ID broth were used as variables. We cultured Salmonella typhi and extracted OMP using the sonication technique. We measured protein levels through the nanodrop method. Salmonella typhi from ID broth produced higher protein levels than Salmonella typhi cultured from MacConkey Medium. It affected the identification of OMP using SDS-PAGE. Lower protein levels lead to fewer protein molecules in the same band zone, causing reduced visibility and readability of the protein bands. The ID broth stabilizes the bacteria's condition before being grown on nutrient agar media