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Traducció i Interpretació: guies per a una docència universitària amb perspectiva de gènere
No full textLa Traducció i Interpretació és una disciplina que tot i estar fortament feminitzada, les posicions de poder i els reconeixements professionals solen estar copats per homes.
I pel que fa a l’exercici de la professió, sovint no es posa prou atenció als biaixos (in)conscients dels i les traductors/es.
La Guia per a una docència universitària amb perspectiva de gènere de Traducció i Interpretació ofereix propostes, exemples de bones pràctiques, recursos docents i eines de consulta que permeten transversalitzar la perspectiva de gènere en totes les etapes del procés traductor en els actuals graus i màsters de la disciplina
Art generatiu. Estudi entorn la complexitat des de la pràctica artística amb codi
No full textPrograma de Doctorat: Traducció, Gènere i Estudis CulturalsLa pràctica artística d'aquesta tesi, l'art generatiu, usa instruccions de codi informàtic i algoritmes per crear obres d'art. S'imaginen i construeixen sistemes –formats per elements gràfics amb certs comportaments i afegint una mica d'atzar– que dibuixen les obres, que les generen. El sistema pot ser complex o en pot emergir certa complexitat en posar-lo en funcionament, en executar-lo. ¿Com poden emergir comportaments complexos d'instruccions determinades i repetitives d'un ordinador? ¿Dibuixar-ho ens pot ajudar a entendre la complexitat en què vivim i que ens trobem? L'art generatiu actual és hereu de les noves avantguardes del s. XX, de l'art abstracte i del conceptual. Els artistes contemporanis dialoguen, en aquest text, amb els pioners de l'art generatiu dels anys 60. I es reflexiona i descriuen pràctiques artístiques i noves maneres de crear, degut a l'aparició del web3, l'art generatiu de sèrie llarga i les noves galeries d'art digital. En aquest escenari la complexitat queda més acotada al sistema generatiu i depèn menys de la curadoria de l'artista, de manera que la recerca entorn als sistemes complexos i els algoritmes cobra cert pes. El marc habitual de l'art generatiu ubica la complexitat en un continu que va entre l'ordre i el desordre. En aquesta investigació basada en la pràctica artística es proposa un marc nou. Cadascun dels projectes explor una característica dels sistemes complexos per a destil·lar-ne, mica en mica, certs coneixements. Es presenten 5 projectes que sostenen la recerca: “L'algorisme despullat” que qüestiona la interacció amb l'entorn, “Trossets” explora la diversitat, “Ganxillo” afegeix el dinamisme i la repetició, “Estratosfèric” accentua i observa el soroll, i “Discs” emfatitza la interacció entre individus. Paral·lelament es posa en relleu com la pràctica artística amb codi presenta un enfoc escaient, original i una mirada única per a l'estudi de la complexitat.The practice of generative art, the artistic practice behind this project-based thesis, involves using computer code instructions and algorithms to create works of art. This involves building systems that consist of graphic elements with specific behaviors andadding randomness to them to generate unique works of art. These systems can be complex, and certain complexities can emerge from them when they are run. It is interesting to ponder how complex behaviors can emerge from specific and repetitive instructions of a deterministic computer. Can studying generative art help us understand the complexity of the world we live in? Generative art is based on the abstract and conceptual art of the 20th century. Contemporary generative artists are in dialogue, in this text, with the pioneers ofgenerative art from the 1960s. Due to the emergence of web3 and the new digital art galleries, generative art has evolved into long-form series and research around complex systems and algorithms has become essential because, in this scenario, the complexity is more limited to the generative system and depends less on the artist's curation. The most common framework for understanding complexity in generative art places complexity on a continuum between order and disorder. However, a new framework is proposed in this research based on artistic practice. The research explores characteristics of complex systems to distill certain ideas and concepts that are used on each artístic project to gain knowledge. The study presents five projects that support the research: "L'algorisme despullat" questions the interaction with the environment, "Trossets" explores diversity, "Ganxillo" adds dynamism and repetition, "Estratosfèric" accentuates and observes noise, and "Discs" emphasizes the interaction between individuals. These projects show how the artistic practice with code presents an appropriate and original approach to the study of complexity as a broad theme. The artistic practice behind this thesis, generative art, uses computer code instructions and algorithms to create works of art. Generative art imagines and builds systems –made up of graphic elements with certain behaviors and adding a bit of randomness– that draw the works, that generate them. The system can be complex or a certain complexity can emerge from it when running it. How can complex behaviors emerge from specific and repetitive instructions of a deterministic computer? Drawing these systems can help us to understand the complexity in which we live and find our selves? Current generative art is heir to the new avant-gardes of the 20th century, abstract and conceptual art. Contemporary artists dialogue, in this text, with the pioneers of generative art of the 60s and the artistic practices and new ways of creating, due to the emergence of the web3, generative art of long series, and the new digital art galleries. In this scenario, the complexity is more limited to the generative system and depends less on the artist's curation, so that research around complex systems and algorithms takes on a certain weight. The most common framework places complexity on a continuum between order and disorder for generative art. A new framework is proposed in this research based on artístic practice. Each of the projects explores a characteristic of complex systems to distill, little by little, certain knowledge. 5 projects are presented that support the research: «L'algorisme despullat» which questions the interaction with the environment, «Trossets» explores diversity, «Ganxillo» adds dynamism and repetition, «Estratosfèric» accentuates and observes noise, and «Discs» emphasizes the interaction between individuals. At the same time, these projects highlight how the artistic practice with code presents anappropriate, original approach and a unique look for the study of complexity as a broad them
Factors Associated with the Detection of Inappropriate Prescriptions in Older People: A Prospective Cohort
No full text(1) Background: Ageing is associated with complex and dynamic changes leading to
multimorbidity and, therefore, polypharmacy. The main objectives were to study an older communitydwelling
cohort, to detect inappropriate prescriptions (IP) applying the Patient-Centred Prescription
model, and to evaluate the most associated factors. (2) Methods: This was a prospective, descriptive,
and observational study conducted from June 2019 to October 2020 on patients 65 years with
multimorbidity who lived in the community. Demographic, clinical and pharmacological data
were assessed. Variables assessed were: degree of frailty, using the Frail-VIG index; therapeutical
complexity and anticholinergic and sedative burden; and the number of chronic drugs to determine
polypharmacy or excessive polypharmacy. Finally, a medication review was carried out through the
application of the Patient-Centred Prescription model. We used univariate and multivariate regression
to identify the factors associated with IP. (3) Results: We recruited 428 patients (66.6% women; mean
age 85.5, SD 7.67). A total of 50.9% of them lived in a nursing home; the mean Barthel Index was
49.93 (SD 32.14), and 73.8% of patients suffered some degree of cognitive impairment. The prevalence
of frailty was 92.5%. Up to 90% of patients had at least one IP. An increase in IP prevalence was
detected when the Frail-VIG index increased (p < 0.05). With the multivariate model, the relationship
of polypharmacy with IP detection stands out above all. (4) Conclusions: 90% of patients presented
one IP or more, and this situation can be detected through the PCP model. Factors with higher
association with IP were frailty and polypharmacy
Prevalence and clinical characteristics of patients with Advanced Chronic Illness and Palliative Care needs, identified with the NECPAL CCOMS-ICO© Tool at a Tertiary Care Hospital
No full textBackground: The identification of patients with advanced chronic conditions and palliative care needs is essential
since their care represents one of the main challenges for public health systems. The study aimed to determine the
prevalence and characteristics of inpatients with palliative care needs in different services of a tertiary care hospital
using the NECPAL CCOMS-ICO© tool.
Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional cohort study was conducted in a tertiary hospital.
The NECPAL tool identifies patients who require palliative care. Any patient with the Surprise Question with the
answer “NO” and at least another question of the tool with a positive answer is considered a positive identification.
Patients were classified as Non-NECPAL, NECPAL I-II, and NECPAL III, depending on the NECPAL tool criteria they met.
The presence of physical symptoms, emotional distress, and social risk factors was assessed.
Results: Of the 602 inpatients, 236 (39.2%) were enrolled. Of them, 34 (14.4%) non-NECPAL, 202 (85.6%) NECPAL+
[105 (44.5%) NECPAL I-II, and 97 (41.1%) NECPAL III]. Physical symptom burden was high (pain intensity ≥ 1 in 68.3%
of patients; tiredness ≥ 1 in 83.5%; somnolence ≥ 1 in 50.6%; dyspnea ≥ 1 in 37.9%; anorexia ≥ 1 in 59.5%). 64.1% had
emotional distress, and 83.6% had social risk factors. The NECPAL-III group contained a higher percentage of cancer
patients, higher demand for palliative care, and greater need for palliative care (p < 0.001). In 50.8% of cases, no referrals
were made to psychology, social work, or hospital palliative and supportive care teams. The three services with
the higher number of patients with palliative care needs were: Palliative Care Unit (100%), Oncology (54.54%), and
Emergency Short-stay Unit (54.16%)
Transformación de prácticas plurilingües: contradicciones entre pensamiento y acción. Estudio de caso
No full textEste artículo presenta una intervención formativa de base sociocultural que busca la transformación de la práctica educativa en contextos multilingües e interculturales. Se fundamenta en los ámbitos de formación del profesorado y en las formas de reconceptualizar la actividad. El proceso de formación se llevó a cabo con diez docentes de distintos niveles educativos. Los datos se obtuvieron a partir de procesos de mediación dialógica y conceptual, y se utilizaron relatos de vida lingüística, entrevistas semiestructuradas, grupos de discusión, autoconfrontación y literatura especializada. El análisis demuestra que cuando los docentes toman conciencia de sus propias representaciones y actuaciones, y las contrastan, emergen tensiones y contradicciones entre lo que piensan y lo que hacen. Su originalidad se fundamenta en un cambio en el saber, en el saber hacer y en el saber estar en un contexto social complejo que concluye en la necesidad de avanzar hacia prácticas transformadoras.This article presents a formative intervention, grounded in sociocultural theory, that seeks to transform educational practice in multilingual and intercultural contexts by focusing on teacher training and ways of reconceptualizing teaching practice. The training process was carried out with ten teachers from different levels of education. The data was obtained through dialogic and conceptual mediation processes using language life stories, semi-structured interviews, discussion groups, self-confrontation, and specialized literature. The analysis shows that when teachers become aware of and contrast their own representations and actions, tensions and contradictions emerge between what they think and what they do. The originality of this approach lies in a change in knowledge, know-how, and conduct in a complex social context, pointing to a need to move toward transformative practices.O artigo apresenta uma intervenção formativa de base sociocultural que procura transformar a prática educativa em contextos multilingues e interculturais, com base nas áreas de formação de professores e nas formas de reconceptualização da atividade. Participaram da pesquisa dez docentes de diferentes níveis de ensino, e os dados foram obtidos a partir de processos de mediação dialógica e conceitual: foram utilizadas histórias de vida linguísticas, entrevistas semiestruturadas, autoconfrontação, grupos de discussão e literatura especializada sobre o tema. A análise mostra que quando os docentes tomam consciência das suas próprias representações e ações, e as contrastam, surgem tensões e contradições entre o que pensam e fazem
La memoria educativa de los documentales como confrontación a los pasados totalitarios
No full textDespués de la realización de los proyectos de investigación sobre los documentales de temática educativa producidos en España entre 1914-1939 y 1939-1970, se han constatado diferentes silencios y rumores que afectan tanto a la memoria como a la historia de la educación. Sabiendo que estos silencios y rumores se aplicaban sistemáticamente como política estatal y que afectaban tanto a la población vulnerable como a los intentos de cambio del sistema, es importante analizar porqué persisten y cómo la historia y la memoria de la educación se enfrenta a los mismos. Los silencios, al igual que las manipulaciones, son parte del ayer que condicionan el hoy. Ello no afecta solamente en el franquismo.
En los distintos totalitarismos, así como en conflictos violentos se instaló el hábito de hacer acallar. También a través de la producción de informativos. Son distintas las respuestas que se han dado a la problemática de recuperar esta memoria educativa según los contextos políticos, culturales y sociales. Pero la incomodidad es parte inherente del
indagar y difundir nuestro pasado. La memoria educativa las asume cuando se aproxima a una historia compleja que explica las experiencias educativas vividas y narradas. En el presente artículo se exponen aquellos elementos que nos han posibilitado explorar algunas de las premisas
y de los potenciales de las memorias frágiles y las historias complejas como programa intencional de investigación alrededor de las fuentes audiovisuales
producidas como propaganda en un marco político totalitario. Las diferentes líneas de investigación que se produjeron en ocasión de los proyectos citados, pero no solamente exclusivos en los mismos,
reforzaron la necesidad de ir avanzando en aquellas metodologías ecosistémicas que pudieran dar cabida a los recorridos derivados de los filamentos e interconexiones entre los elementos, ofreciendo con ello la posibilidad de narrar el silencio con la perspectiva de una historia social vinculada a la justicia y a la democracia.As the result of two research projects about documentaries and newsreels produced in Spain between 1914-1939 and 1939-1970, we discovered different silences and rumours which had an impact un the memory and the history of education. We know that those silences and rumours were applied systematically as part of a national policy, affecting mainly the vulnerable population and stymieing any attempt at changing the situation. It is important that we understand why those silences and rumours persist nowadays and how the history and memory of education confront them. The silences, like the manipulations, make up a part of our past, yet they still have effects today. And this is true not only with Francoism; in different totalitarian systems, as well as during violent historical episodes, there has been a habit of imposing silence. The same thing has occurred withnewsreels and documentaries. Different responses have attempted to address this problem and its effect on the recuperation of educational memories, and it ultimately depends on political, cultural and social contexts. In researching and disseminating one’s own past, the sensation of uneasiness is inherent to the process. The educational memory assumes this apprehension when it is developed as complex history which explains the lived educational experiences that are being related. In this article, we explore some of the premises and the potential of fragile memories and complex stories forming part of an intentional research program around audiovisual sources produced as propaganda in a totalitarian political framework. The different lines of research pursued in the aforementioned projects, but not exclusive to them, reinforced the need to advance in those methodologies that could bring together the different paths connecting the common elements and allowing for the possibility of narrating the silence with the perspective of a social history linked to justice and democracy
Desafiando la normalidad. Diabetes en las aulas: Experiencia educativa de Rocío.
No full textCurs 2023-2024El presente trabajo se enfoca en analizar la experiencia educativa de Rocío, mi hija, que fue diagnosticada con diabetes tipo 1. Se ha adoptado una metodología de investigación cualitativa, en concreto un estudio de caso único en el que se ha utilizado relatos autobiográficos, entrevistas y grupos focales. Los informantes han sido Rocío, su familia y sus amigas. A través del análisis de la experiencia educativa de Rocío, se busca identificar las barreras educativas existentes. Los resultados indican que la escuela continúa excluyendo a alumnos y alumnas con necesidades que difieren de la norma, lo que resalta la necesidad de seguir trabajando hacia una educación inclusiva. Palabras Claves: Diabetes tipo 1, identidad, experiencia educativa, educación inclusiva, colaboración con las familias.This paper focuses on analysing the educational experience of Rocío, my daughter, who was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. A qualitative research methodology has been adopted, specifically a single case study in which autobiographical accounts, interviews and focus groups have been used. The informants have been Rocío, her family and her friends. Through the analysis of Rocío's educational experience, the aim is to identify the existing educational barriers. The results indicate that the school continues to exclude students with needs that differ from the norm, which highlights the need to continue working towards inclusive education.
Keywords: Type 1 diabetes, identity, educational experience, inclusive education, collaboration with families.Tutor: Ignacio Calderó
Inclusión y abandono escolar de la comunidad gitana. Un estudio de caso
No full textCurs 2023-2024Este Trabajo de Fin de Máster, titulado "Inclusión y abandono escolar de la comunidad gitana: Un estudio de caso", se centra en analizar la situación actual del alumnado perteneciente a la comunidad gitana en un contexto educativo específico, explorando las causas de la alta tasa de abandono escolar y cómo esto se vincula con una educación más inclusiva. La investigación se enfoca en un estudio de caso realizado en un instituto de enseñanza secundaria. Utilizando una metodología participativa, se han recolectado datos a través de cuestionarios y entrevistas a estudiantes, familias y docentes. Los resultados indican que, aunque se han realizado esfuerzos para mejorar la inclusión, persisten barreras significativas como el alto absentismo, la falta de apoyo educativo adecuado, y la percepción de discriminación, por lo que se puede concluir que la inclusión plena del alumnado perteneciente a la comunidad gitana es un objetivo que todavía está intentando conseguir el centro. Por tanto, la plena inclusión no es simplemente una serie de técnicas o métodos que se pueden aplicar de manera superficial, sino que requiere un enfoque más global y sostenido en el tiempo, que aborde no sólo los aspectos educativos, sino también los contextos sociales y familiares de los estudiantes pertenecientes a la comunidad gitana.
Palabras clave
Inclusión educativa, abandono escolar, comunidad gitana, segregación escolar, equidad.This Master's Thesis, titled "Inclusion and School Dropout of the Roma Community: A Case Study," focuses on analyzing the current situation of students belonging to the Roma community in a specific educational context, exploring the causes of the high dropout rate, and proposing solutions for more inclusive education. The study is structured into two main sections: a theoretical part and a practical part. The theoretical part addresses the current situation of the Roma community, educational inclusion and exclusion, school segregation, and educational legislation in the Autonomous Community of Extremadura. The practical part focuses on a case study conducted in a secondary school. Using a participatory methodology, data were collected through questionnaires and interviews with students, families, and teachers. The results indicate that, although efforts have been made to improve inclusion, significant barriers persist, such as high absenteeism, lack of adequate educational support, and the perception of discrimination. Therefore, it can be concluded that the full inclusion of Roma students is an ongoing goal for the school. Therefore, full inclusion is not merely a set of techniques or methods that can be applied superficially; it requires a more comprehensive and sustained approach over time, addressing not only educational aspects but also the social and familial contexts of students belonging to the Roma community.
Keywords
Educational inclusion, school dropout, Roma community, school segregation, equity.Tutora: Laura Farré Rier
Comparativa del sentiment de pertinença entre migrants de primera i segona generació marroquins, egipcis i libanesos a Catalunya: un estudi de metodología mixta
No full textCurs 2023-2024Abstract
The sense of belonging is a fundamental human need that has important psychological implications. As migrants, individuals face the challenge of connecting with an unfamiliar environment, so their sense of belonging is often compromised. Regarding the relevant associations between wellbeing and belongingness, to address this question for migrant population could be useful to orient further welcoming strategies. In the current study we conducted a mixed-methods approach to the question with individual interviews and two assessments. Participants were first and second generation of migrants from Morocco, Egypt and Lebanon living in Catalonia. The aim was to explore how they develop a sense of belonging and identify opportunities and barriers for both generations. Results indicated that first and second generation have a similar sense of belonging but that the components and processes were different. We discuss how the first generation faces some initial challenges but they tend to develop a sense of belonging by consolidating experiences and enriching social life. In the case of the second generation, distress about feeling different from peers was reported. For them, the difficulty relies on integrating their origins and local identity. In future studies with a greater sample, other factors influencing belongingness could be identified and the convergence between assessments and the qualitative outputs could also be evaluated.
Keywords: migrants, sense of belonging, identity, mixed-method studyResum
El sentiment de pertinença és una necessitat humana fonamental amb importants implicacions psicològiques. Les persones migrades afronten el repte de connectar en un entorn desconegut pel que el seu sentiment de pertinença està compromès. Donades les rellevants associacions entre benestar i pertinença, considerar aquesta qüestió per la población migrant podria ser útil per orientar futures estratègies d’acollida. Al present estudi es va dur a terme una aproximació a la qüestió amb una tipologia mixta mitjançant entrevistes i dues avaluacions a migrants de primera i segona generació marroquins, egipcis i libanesos vivint a Catalunya. L’objectiu consistia en explorar com desenvolupen sentiment de pertinença, identificant barreres i oportunitats en ambdues generacions. Els resultats indiquen un sentiment de pertinença similar per a les dues generacions però que les seves components i processos son molt diferents. Exposem com la primera generació enfronta inicialment unes barreres d’adaptació però tendeix a sentir pertinença amb el temps a mesura que acumula experiències i vincles socials. En el cas de la segona generació es va detectar un malestar relacionat amb sentir-se diferent als iguals. Per ells, la dificultat recau en integrar les identitats d’origen i locals. A futurs estudis amb una major mostra podrien identificar-se altres factors que influenciïn la pertinença així com avaluar-se la convergència entre els resultats de les avaluacions i els qualitatius.
Paraules clau: migrants, sentiment de pertinença, identitat, metodologia mixtaDirectors: Anna Casellas Grau and Spyros Christo