Journal of Current Biomedical Reports (J Curr Biomed Rep)
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Demographic and clinical characteristics, and prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in individuals with major beta-thalassemia in Guilan province, Iran
Get PDFBeta-thalassemia major is a severe genetic blood disorder requiring complex management, with patients facing multiple chronic health challenges related to iron metabolism and treatment strategies. The current study investigated the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori antigen and related clinical characteristics in beta-thalassemia major patients. This cross-sectional study involved 66 beta-thalassemia major patients and 36 of their non-cohabiting family. H. pylori infection was assessed using the stool antigen test via ELISA, and clinical and demographical data of patients was recorded. The mean age of patients was 36.72±9.46 years and for their family members was 41.54±12.46 (P <0.05). Twenty-eight (42.4%) of patients and 11 (30.6%) of their family members were males (P >0.05). The mean levels of hemoglobin and ferritin were 8.36±0.84 g/dL and 2108.63±1741.93 ng/mL, respectively. Splenectomy was performed in 59.1% of patients (mean age at procedure 15.59±9.50 years). Deferiprone was the most common iron chelator (45.5%), and O+ was the predominant blood group (33.3%). Statistically significant differences were observed in iron chelator and blood group distributions (P <0.001). The findings illustrated no H. pylori antigen was detected in participants. The analysis of H. pylori antigen revealed no positive results in any of the participants, indicating an absence of H. pylori infection in major beta-thalassemia patients
Cinnamomum verum (Cinnamon): A promising natural alternative for urinary tract infection treatment
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The occurrence and antibiotic resistance pattern of Klebsiella isolates in burn patients in the North of Iran
Get PDFKlebsiella species are one the common bacterial etiology of burn related infections that may cause serious life threaten complications in patients. Antibiotic resistance challenge in recent years associated with increased mortality and treatment costs. Therefore, in order to optimize infection control policy and help with epidemiological data, the present study investigates the occurrence and antibiotic resistance pattern of Klebsiella isolates in burn patients in the North of Iran. This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on burn patients hospitalized from March 2018 to March 2021 at Velayat Subspecialty Burn and Plastic Surgery Hospital in Rasht, the North of Iran. Standard microbiological producers were applied for the isolation and identification of Klebsiella isolates. Antibiotic resistance patterns were determined using the disk diffusion method. Of 594 clinical specimens, 61 cases (10.3%) were positive for Klebsiella. Among them, 42 samples (68.9%) were collected from intensive care units (ICUs) and 19 cases (31.1%) from internal wards. Also, 5 patients (8.2%) were related to ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). The highest level of antimicrobial resistance in Klebsiella isolates was toward imipenem (85.7%) and gentamicin (69.1%), respectively. While the highest level of susceptibility was to meropenem (63.6%). Regarding the significant prevalence and antibiotic resistance of in Klebsiella isolates among burn patients, more strict infection treatment protocols based on laboratory results can prevent increased antibiotic resistance
Investigating the frequency of skin manifestation in newborns admitted to a Children\u27s Hospital in the North of Iran
Get PDFSkin manifestations, a common problem in infants, can be a serious concern for parents. Most manifestations are benign and transient, but some of them need more evaluation regarding whether they can negatively affect infant health. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the frequency of skin manifestation in newborns admitted to the department of newborns and NICU from 2019 to 2020. This cross-sectional was performed on infants hospitalized in the department of pediatrics and NICU of a pediatric hospital in Guilan, Iran, from 2019 to 2020. The sampling was performed using the census method. The information was gathered using a checklist of infant and mother characteristics. Out of 323 newborns, 164 cases had skin lesions (50.8%). The lesions of Erythema toxicum, Cutis marmorata, Diaper dermatitis, Milia, salmon patch, and Mongolian spots were presented at 14.9%, 9.9%, 8.1%, 5.6%, 4.3%, and 2.8%, respectively. Only 5.38% of infants required treatment. There was no significant relationship between skin lesions and demographic factors of gestational age, type of delivery, or the family history of dermatological diseases. The rate of skin lesions was moderate to high in hospitalized newborns. In addition, Erythema toxicum, Cutis marmorata, Diaper dermatitis, Salmon patch, and Mongolian spots were more prevalent in infants. These findings can help pediatric physicians effectively in their early diagnosis and therapeutic procedures
Clinical characteristics and symptoms of patients with the recurrence of COVID-19 and underlying disease in Taleghani and Valiasr hospitals in Khuzestan, Iran
Get PDFDue to the widespread prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the world, especially in Iran, this study attempted to evaluate risk factors associated with the recurrent of COVID-19 patients in healthcare centers of Khuzestan province. This study was conducted on patients admitted to Taleghani and Valiasr hospitals, with positive COVID-19 real-time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), from 20 February 2020 to 19 January 2021. Meanwhile, 398 cases with the recurrent of COVID-19 were included. Investigations were conducted as follows, demographic characteristics, clinical signs and symptoms, and underlying disease, history of ICU hospitalization, international travel, and contacts with foreign nationals and mortality. The collected data were recorded by laboratory experts. Out of 398 patients, 251 (63.07%) were male, and 147 (36.93%) were female. The average age was 49.39 years old. None of the patients were hospitalized in ICU. Most patients were in 30-40 years (24.37%). International travelling and contact with foreigners was observed in only 25 (6.28%) cases. The most underlying diseases were hypertension and diabetes. In this study, the number of patients who died was 253 (63.57%). Due to the severe symptoms and higher mortality among COVID-19 recurrent patients with underlying disease, it is recommended to give more attention to COVID-19 recurrent patients with underlying diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. Presenting the results of this study to health-care systems might help a better understanding of risk-factors associated with the recurrent COVID-19 disease, leading to a better control and management of this patients.
Histopathological changes of spermatogenesis induced by Intra-peritoneal injection of CuO nanoparticles
Get PDFA number of lifestyle-related factors, including smoking and obesity, as well as a number of environmental factors, such as exposure to dioxins, combustion products, and traffic exhaust gases, appear to have a deleterious influence on the testes and spermatogenesis. Because of its oxidation-reduction (Redox) potential, copper functions as a cofactor in a variety of enzymes that are essential for basic metabolic functions. We assess how copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) affected the male reproductive system and the probability of getting pregnant, both of which have not yet been studied. Four groups of creatures were chosen at random. The experimental group received daily doses of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg of CuO-NPs intraperitoneally (IP). According to the results of the histological investigation, CuO NPs treatment significantly enhanced Sertoli and Leydig cells as well as all testicular germ cells other than spermatozoa at a dose of 100 mg/kg in both the in vivo and in vitro stages. The 150 mg group\u27s spermatids and spermatocytes had significantly decreased as a result of CuO NP\u27s harmful effects during the in vitro phase (P <0.05). We can therefore conclude that a buildup of CuO in high doses may result in a disruption of the CuO homeostasis, which may subsequently reduce male fertility
Gut microbiota and its importance in the management of inflammatory bowel disease: A promising pathway to better health
Get PDFInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract. The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the development and progression of IBD. In IBD patients, the composition of the gut microbiota is significantly different from that of healthy individuals. Dysbiosis, an imbalance of beneficial and harmful bacteria, is a hallmark of IBD. The development of microbiota-targeted treatments requires a comprehensive understanding of the gut microbiota composition, its interaction with the host immune system, and its role in the pathogenesis of IBD. This review discusses the prospects for microbiome-based therapies in IBD. Pre- and probiotics, as well as faecal microbiota transplant (FMT), are examples of microbiome-targeted treatments. These approaches are predicated on the idea that reestablishing a healthy gut microbiome might reduce mucosal inflammation. The fundamental components of commensal gut bacteria\u27s metabolism are known as prebiotics. Probiotics are supplements that artificially introduce gut microorganisms that are believed to have positive effects on the surrounding microenvironment and may even help with IBD symptom relief. FMT is a more direct way of introducing bacteria than probiotics, yet the same bacteria are present in the bodies of healthy people at larger concentrations. Current evidence suggests that microbiome-targeted therapeutics may have some benefit for IBD. With advancements in technology and research, microbiota-targeted treatments have the potential to revolutionize the management of IBD and improve clinical outcomes for patients
Postbiotic driven immunomodulation: SCFAs as therapeutic agents in rheumatoid arthritis
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Investigation of the effect of watery and alcoholic extract of Calendula officinalis on the growth of fungal agents isolated from skin infections caused by burns
Get PDFDiscovering new antifungals, is essential to saving modern medicine. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the antifungal effects of extracts of Calendula officinalis on the growth of fungal agents isolated from skin infections caused by burns. In this experimental study, watery and alcoholic extracts of C. officinalis were prepared by the maceration method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of extracts were evaluated against yeast isolates (Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida parapsilosis, Candida krusei, Candida glabrata, Trichosporon asahi, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, and Rhodotorula dirnensis) and filamentous fungi (Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus oryzae, Alternaria alternata, Fusarium oxysporum, and Cladosporium cladosporioides). All tested yeast isolates were resistant to the watery extract of C. officinalis, while all (except C. tropicalis) were sensitive to the alcoholic extract. Among filamentous fungi, only Aspergillus spp. were sensitive to the watery extract of C. officinalis. In this study, only A. alternata and C. cladosporioides were resistant to the alcoholic extract of C. officinalis. The results of this study showed that the alcoholic extract of C. officinalis can be a suitable alternative for antifungal drugs in the treatment of burn wound infections caused by fungal agents