Jurnal Universitas Amikom Yogyakarta
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Kompleksitas Keamanan Kawasan dan Tantangan Kerja Sama Keamanan Asia Timur
No full textThis article will explain the regional security complex as a key challenge in the establishment of regional security cooperation in East Asia. The complex of security in East Asia described by explaining the security relations between North Korea and South Korea, China and Japan, the United States with Japan, and China with the United States and a pattern of chain reaction to the various security policies of these countries. This security complex makes it difficult to establish effective regional security cooperation. The Challenge of the regional security complex that most decisive in the formation of cooperation that will be done by the countries of the East Asia region is due to competition and differences of interests between the United States and China as a superpower state in the region. In addition, the many differences in the nature and orientation of political interests of Japan, South Korea, and North Korea are also still a constraint in the formation of regional security organizations and cooperation
Upaya Cina menjadi Kekuatan Maritim dalam Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA)
No full textAfter the economic reform in 1978, China experienced a rapid economic growth. The open door policy adopted on economic reforms succeeded in attracting many foreign investors in the sector of manufacture. Along with its status as a new power of the world economy, China is also ambitious to become the largest maritime power. The Indian Ocean is a strategic area to strengthen China\u27s steps to support economic needs and become a maritime power. To achieve strategic interests in the Indian Ocean Region, China joins as an IORA partner. China’s effort to dominate at the IORA is not only to recruiting rival countries, but also to built strategic partnerships with the countries in the Indian Ocean region. Besides Pakistan and Myanmar, China has also established strategic partnerships with Iran, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. For strategic partner, China is seen as an alliance in strengthening politics in their country and is a supplier of military weapons and technology with affordable prices. This paper will explain the China\u27s interests in the IORA and China\u27s position compared to other IORA member, and also China\u27s strategy. The results obtained shows that China has the potential to become a maritime power at the IORA
The U.S. Foreign Policy under Trump Administration to Recognize Jerusalem as the State Capital of Israel
No full textA speech from the President of United States, Donald Trump, who explicitly state Jerusalem as the capital city of Israel triggering debate that threatens harmonization of the Middle East. Disagreement appear from South East Asia state up to European state regarding to Trump’s statement, which turn into United States foreign policy. Trump’s statement described as the main reason of increasing tension Palestinian – Israel conflict. This essay argues that The US policy toward Jerusalem was merely influenced by domestic politics in the sense that to satisfy Trump`s main voters of the Republican Party that is Evangelical Christian base
Female Masculinity and Power Relation in Patriarchic System: Case Study Tomboyism of Bacha Posh in Afghanistan
Full text linkThe biological/essentialist theory of gender assumes that biological sexes determine the behavior patterns and roles of males and associates them with masculinity and females and associates them with femininity. However, there is debate to determine whether genders are biological or socially and culturally constructed. Feminist critique of the power relation between masculinity and femininity defined as the power to give privilege to the position of masculinity and men, and acknowledge the subordination of femininity and women. People also guided to conform to gender norms in society as identity. Female masculinity emerged as part of a resistance to the gender norms where females should adopt and perform feminine values and ways of life. This paper analyze the position of female masculinity, which is distinct from masculinity in patriarchic systems. This paper also analyze the early stage of female masculinity, tomboyism called Bacha Posh as experienced by many girls in Afghanistan. This paper showed to us that the phenomena of Bacha Posh reflect the gender trait was not flexible. It was decided by the need to fulfill patriarchy system in Afghan society
Pasal 9 Konstitusi Jepang: Perubahan Sikap AS Terhadap Militer Jepang
No full textThis article explains the US foreign policy on the Obama administration towards the reinterpretation of article 9 of the Japanese constitution. Historically, article 9 was the result of US interference to keep Japan from proactive military activities and oblige Japan to sacrifice all its territory since 1895, and to incorporate Japan into the US security system. This evoke a question, why in the era of Obama administration US supported article 9 reinterpretation efforts that will make the Japanese military proactive? The purpose of this article is to analyze the direction of US President Barack Obama\u27s foreign policy in the second period. Foreign policy theory with national interest concept approach is used to analyze three factors influencing US foreign policy to support the reinterpretation of article 9. This article uses literature study by collecting data that related to the factors of US in doing such foreign policy towards Japan. Ultimately, this article argued that external, internal, and perceptions of US decision-makers influence US foreign policy in favor of reinterpretation of article 9
Menilai Potensi Perang dibalik Kepemilikan Nuklir India dan Pakistan
Full text linkIndia and Pakistan are two nuclear ownership that flank Kashmir. Claims against Kashmir territory and their history sparked long debate between countries. The conflict became one of the main roots of why India and Pakistan still continue to increase their nuclear power. Conflict continues to heat up creating such an arms race which makes both of them consider the existence of a potential big threat to their sovereignty. In analyzing the issue, this article examine the use of the deterrence theory, where this theory says there are several factors that are important conditions in seeing the possibility of nuclear war. Some of these factors are like; rational state as a condition of the nuclear launch command system, the two countries’ abilities to develop second strike, and the India-Pakistan history of direct involvement in armed conflict
Ideologi: Faktor Konflik dan Kegagalan Timur Tengah
Full text linkThe following article explains how Western ideologies become major factor of conflicts and failures in the Middle East. In this paper the author looks from the perspective of ideological hegemony. Ideology undermines the political and economic systems that cause social inequality and accelerate the outbreak of conflict in the Middle East. The author raised Syria and Libya as examples to prove the factors that led to the conflict. The author argues that the main cause of the Middle East conflict is the influence of Western ideology that cannot be accepted by government in power or even the people, so that it triggers conflicts and even war. Democracy which is an accepted model in various countries cannot be applied in the Middle East. The author also criticized the failure of democracy implementation and liberal economies in the Middle East