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Anonymity, Social Identification, and Online Social Influence
Get PDFThis experiment investigated the primacy of social identification in the online social influence process with anonymity as a contextual variable. Other key variables were perceived argument strength and attitude toward abortion. Participants (N = 229) were randomly exposed to four conditions, in which they read three pro-life or pro-choice arguments from either three identifiable people (known) or three unidentifiable people (unknown). Based on the social identity model of deindividuation (SIDE), the study tested if social identification had a greater effect on attitude in unknown conditions through depersonalization. Results demonstrated that social identification predicted attitude, but anonymity did not affect the process. In other words, depersonalization was not triggered by anonymity. Social identification also affected attitude indirectly (via argument strength). The study also found presence of both group membership-based influence (driven by social identification) and informational influence (driven by argument strength). Implications of the study, especially involving anonymity, were discussed
Kentucky Bluegrass Establishment Under Saline, Waterlogging, and Saline-Waterlogging Conditions
Get PDFKentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) (KBG) is commonly used for golf fairways, however, it is sensitive to salinity and waterlogging. The objectives of this research were to determine (1) KBG growth response to saline, waterlogging, and saline-waterlogging conditions and (2) efficacy of seed priming in stress enhancement. Nine KBG cultivars were subjected to the aforementioned stresses at the seedling stage for four weeks. The combined saline-waterlogging caused more severe damage than individual stress. ?Sudden Impact?, ?Award?, ?Limousine?, and ?Kenblue? were relatively tolerant to the stresses based on results from tissue biomass, root length, and specific root length stresses, while ?Moonlight? and ?Blue Note? were relatively sensitive. Seeds primed with abscisic acid, glycinebetaine, polyethylene glycol, and water performed better or similar to the non-primed grasses. Use of relatively tolerant cultivars, alone or in combination with priming, may be a better management practice when establishing a turfgrass stand under stress
Understanding Consumer Acceptance of Multiple Red Meat Products and Perceptions of the American Meat Science Association?s Intercollegiate Meat Judging Program Benefits From Participants
Get PDFPer capita consumption of red meat products totaled 67 kg in 2017. Given the popularity of meat, it is important for meat scientists to monitor consumers acceptance of red meat products. Consumer acceptance of red meat products is driven by meat quality characteristics such as tenderness. The objectives of the second and third chapter was to investigate the influence of beef ribeye steak weight and thickness on purchasing behaviors of consumers and to better understand the effects of frozen storage on protein degradation, lipid oxidation, meat quality, and sensory characteristics of lamb.
As beef carcasses have grown over the time an unexpected consequence arose, an increase in ribeye size. Researchers have been studying these effects for several years to understand the influence on increasing ribeye size in relation to consumer acceptance of beef steaks. Our results indicate beef consumers are varied in their preference of beef ribeye steak size. However, beef consumers do discriminate against thin cut steaks regardless of steak size. These results indicate the beef industry is providing enough variation in steak types to meet consumer demands.
The lamb industry experiences lulls and surplus of fresh lamb due to breeding seasons of sheep, creating supply chain issues. Use of frozen lamb could alleviate some of these issues, however consumers discriminate against frozen lamb in the retail space. Our research indicates consumers discriminate against frozen loin chops due to tenderness and juiciness issues. However, consumers did not discriminate against frozen leg chops. Furthermore, we affirmed previous research which indicated the importance of allows lamb several days to age postmortem before freezing to improve protein degradation.
An important part of the meat industry is the AMSA intercollegiate meat judging program. This program allows for students to learn how to evaluate meat products and introduces students to the meat industry. Our objective of this study was to better understand the influence of the meat judging program on participants. Our results indicate judging programs provide participants with benefits such as skills development and introduction to the meat industry. Area of improvement included more community building and more applicability to the meat industry
An Exploratory Study of the Perceptions of Effectiveness for Brazilian Jiu Jitsu Training for Law Enforcement
Get PDFThis study is designed to explore a possible solution to a variety of the current issues in the law enforcement field. The purpose of this study is to assess the views through purposive sampling of ten key informants in the Brazilian Jiu Jitsu and law enforcement field on the potential impact that routine Jiu Jitsu style training for officers would have. The current study outlines personal experiences for officers with prior Jiu Jitsu style training. This assessment also discusses the key informant's thoughts on benefits, limitations, and recommendations of the theoretical implementation of Brazilian Jiu Jitsu training for law enforcement officers. Overall, each participant provided a unique perspective through the series of twelve questions. There was unanimous support for the idea with the central themes of ?adding another tool? for officers to use and increasing officer confidence
Calcium Acetate: An Alternative to Gypsum for Brine Impacted Soils
No full textWith North Dakota being ranked as a leading producer of oil and natural gas in the United States, the possibility of accidental produced water (aka ?brine? or ?salt water?) spills is a continuous concern. Brine water poses numerous threats to soil properties as it has the potential of causing soil dispersion by increased concentrations of sodium. The goal of this research was to compare the effectiveness of several calcium amendments: calcium acetate, flue gas desulphurization gypsum and pelletized gypsum, on improving the saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) and removing sodium of three brine impacted soils. Ultimately, increasing rates of calcium acetate had the greatest effect on increasing the Ks but, in general, increasing rates of any amendment increased the Ks and removed sodium. A secondary goal was to produce a resource about the origin of brine water in the Williston basin for those affected by or interested in this topic
An Investigation on Residual Stress Build-Up in Cold Sprayed Metallic Samples: Effect of Stress Relaxation Heat Treatment
Get PDFResidual stress formation during cold spraying process may result in deteriorative effects on the performance of coating materials. The objective of this investigation is to characterize residual stress built-up in some of well-known metallic alloys deposited by cold spraying. Two different nickel based super alloys (Inconel 625 and Inconel 718) and the most commercially used titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) were considered for investigation in this study. The average residual stress was higher in Inconel samples compared to the titanium one. Stress relaxation heat treatment helped in the reduction of porosities. However, the recovery of residual stress was highest in Ti-6Al-4V compared to nickel-based samples. Mechanical properties such as hardness, porosities and crack formation were investigated in all samples and tribological behavior of Ti-6AL-4V was particularly studied. The relation between the crack formation and residual stress before and after heat treatment was established for Inconel samples. It was tried to define same relationship for wear resistance and residual stress in Ti-6Al-4V sample
Reservoir Recreation Analysis: The Effect of Reservoir Management Agency on Recreation Participation
Get PDFDams and reservoirs are created to provide flood control, water storage for irrigation and water supply, recreation, and hydroelectric generation. Most US reservoirs provide recreation in some form. However, there are concerns that certain reservoir/dam managers do a better job in providing recreation than others. Some agencies that manage land riparian to US reservoirs, such as the National Park Service (NPS), are dedicated to recreation development. Other agencies such as the Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) might not be interested in catering to the additional demands of recreators as a stakeholder group. Management actions such as boat access, waterfront land, campsite management, safety, aesthetics, and water levels have direct and indirect effects on anglers, swimmers, boaters, and other recreators. The objective of this study is to analyze recreation participation for different reservoirs based on different management agencies due to the fact these agencies have different institutional objectives
Prediabetes: Provider Awareness and the Implementation of the Prevent Diabetes STAT Toolkit Resources
Get PDFIncreased proactivity and improved management of prediabetes is a growing need amongst providers in the primary care setting. Nearly one third of North Dakota residents over the age of 20 have prediabetes, but only one out of ten are aware of this reversible medical condition. Without early correction and identification, 15-30% of people with prediabetes will develop type 2 diabetes. Based on the need for increased proactivity towards prediabetic management, evidence-based resources were created by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Medical Association. The Prevent Diabetes STAT Toolkit was developed to guide medical professionals in assisting their patients at risk for type 2 diabetes and encourage referral to the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP). The DPP is a lifestyle change program that focuses on promoting weight loss, physical activity, and nutrition education for patients who meet the criteria of a BMI ? 25, ? age 18, are not currently pregnant and either have a history of gestational diabetes, have been diagnosed with prediabetes, or score high risk on the Prediabetic Risk Assessment.
The project included knowledge surveys, educational presentations, and chart reviews at a rural primary care clinic. The providers? awareness of prediabetes knowledge, best practice standards, and barriers to practice were identified. An educational module was then presented and the PDS Toolkit resources were dispersed to the staff of the clinic. Overall, the effectiveness of the education was affirmative, despite a high baseline understanding of prediabetes. Prior to implementation, the management of at-risk patients was suboptimal, as preventative action was not taking place. With education and the initiation of the Prediabetes Risk Assessment, PDS Toolkit resources, defined screening standards, and an Epic referral, the providers and ancillary staff showed increased uptake of understanding and improved proactivity towards prediabetes. The findings also displayed adherence to initiating referrals for individuals with prediabetic risk factors, such as obesity, and following implementation. Recommendations can be made regarding the efficacy and importance of preventing type two diabetes through enhanced staff screening awareness, management knowledge, and patient guidance on prediabetes
Influenza Vaccination Rates in Primary Care
Get PDFInfluenza is a common and highly contagious upper respiratory illness that affects an average of 8% of Americans each season. The flu was associated with 18 million medical visits, 400,000 hospitalizations, and 22,000 deaths during the 2019-2020 flu season in the United States (US). The best protection from the flu is to receive an annual vaccination. However, only 56.5% of North Dakotans received a flu vaccine for the 2019-2020 season, well below the Healthy People 2030 goal of 70%. Suboptimal vaccination rates, along with increasing vaccine hesitancy and misinformation associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, make efforts in improving vaccine uptake extremely important to prevent future pandemics.
The purpose of this practice improvement project was to increase patient access and provider knowledge of the flu vaccine. The project took place in a primary care clinic in Ellendale, North Dakota. Project implementation occurred from October 1, 2021 through November 30, 2021. Implementation began with education to one provider and two nurses on making recommendations using a presumptive approach, flu vaccine facts and recommendations, and considerations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Informational posters and flu vaccine reminders were displayed in clinic exam rooms and patient areas. Evaluation included an online survey utilizing 5-point Likert scales and manual chart review. Chart review of 75 random patient encounters between October 1 and November 30 of the years 2019, 2020, and 2021 was conducted for a total of 225 charts.
Participants felt they were knowledgeable about the flu vaccine, recommendations for vaccine administration, and contraindications to vaccination after project implementation. Participants were also confident making recommendations for flu vaccination using a presumptive approach and recommended the vaccine most of the time during patient encounters.Education, visual reminders, and using a presumptive approach to recommend vaccination correlated with an overall improvement in missed opportunities for influenza vaccination. Despite a decline in flu vaccination rates seen in the state of North Dakota since the 2019-2020 flu season, vaccination rates in the primary care clinic in Ellendale improved by eight percentage points from 2020 (34.67%) to 2021 (42.67%) and doubled since 2019 (21.33%) with the implementation of simple interventions
A Practice Improvement Project Incorporating Tobacco Cessation Education Into a Doctor of Nursing Practice Program
Get PDFTobacco use is a global epidemic and is one of the largest public health threats the world
has faced killing over eight million people annually. Smoking-related illnesses cost the United
States $300 billion annually. Unfortunately, only 31% of those attempting to quit smoking in
2015 used evidenced-base cessation treatments. When behavioral and pharmacotherapy are
combined, cessation rates increase by 82%. With tobacco use being the leading cause of U.S.
preventable death and with 70% of tobacco users visiting a primary care facility annually, it is
essential that providers appropriately and accurately address tobacco use and cessation.
This practice improvement project designed tobacco cessation education for
implementation into North Dakota State University?s (NDSU) Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP)
coursework in a health promotion course for 18 family nurse practitioner students. The online
program, Rx for Change: Clinician Assisted Tobacco Cessation, was completed by the DNP
students. Rx for Change was designed by Purdue College of Pharmacy to educate clinicians
about the negative health effects of tobacco use and enhance providers' knowledge to deliver
comprehensive tobacco cessation counseling services. After completion of the modules, the
co-investigator reviewed tobacco use epidemiology, health effects of tobacco, FDA-approved
pharmacotherapy for tobacco treatment, North Dakota-specific resources, and coding and billing
for tobacco cessation in primary care. Additionally, students participated in interactive patient
scenarios and received a tobacco cessation toolkit for providers.
NDSU DNP students? (a) motivation and confidence in helping people quit tobacco and
(b) comfort with providing information about cessation medications, programs and services, and
referrals for evidence-based tobacco cessation was assessed through a pre- and 2.5 months post-education
questionnaire. The participants? (a) motivation and confidence in helping people quit
tobacco and (b) comfort with providing information about cessation medications, programs and
services, and referrals for evidence-based tobacco cessation increased dramatically pre- to post-education
for all questions with the exception of question one in which case all participants
strongly agreed in both the pre- and post-education questionnaire. The results of this practice
improvement project will provide direction for tobacco cessation education for future NDSU
DNP coursework and for incorporation into other DNP or health professions curriculum