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Get PDFIn spite of great diversity within the dialect continuum, stretching from Kagoshima to Aomori, consistent state-endorsed language policies since the later Meiji Period were highly successful in achieving, in the first half of the twentieth century, a high degree of homogeneity regarding ethnic and linguistic identity, contributing to the establishment of a stable modern nation-state in Japan. The present study deals with the conspicuous absence of appropriate treatment of the role these policies played in high school history textbooks. ?? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
Modern poems of the Mount Ogura Utamakura: One Hundred Poets on Mount Ogura, One Poem Each
Get PDFMount Ogura in Kyoto city is a place of utamakura (pillow poems) with a long history of waka (Japanese traditional verse) and even now is visited by many modern haiku and tanka poets. A group of contemporary tanka and haiku poets have compiled a modern anthology for Mount Ogura. Originally a nature-oriented genre of poetry, waka, tanka and haiku are sometimes classified as ‘nature writing’. ?? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? (nature writing)?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
A Problematization of Pigs and Pork: A History of Modernity to Invent and Deodorize Odor
Get PDFIn this article I will attempt to demonstrate how pig odor has been invented and deodorized through an analysis of the change in human-pig relations in Okinawa. I will also discuss the phases of accelerating odorphobia in modern society. First, I will criticize the tendency of social scientists to disregard the bodily senses, and then introduce recent studies of the senses in anthropology, sociology and history. In contrast to western mind/body dualism, I regard the senses as bodily modes of knowing and as pivots of experience. Furthermore, I believe it is necessary to consider the senses as social and cultural constructs. In Okinawa, pigs were the most important domestic animal and, until the arrival of industrialization in the post-war period, people used to keep several pigs in their place of residence. In the transition process, pigs were moved to secluded areas, far away from human residential areas. As a result, pig odor, which had been embedded in everyday life, became disembedded, thereby transforming pig odor into an offensive smell which had to be excluded. It is in this way that pig odor has been invented. ?? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
Towards the internationalization of the University of Tsukuba: analysis of monolingual signboards on the university campus
Get PDFThe aim of this fieldwork study was to analyze monolingual signboards found throughout the grounds of the University of Tsukuba campus. Based on the database of the digital images taken on campus, the signboards were divided into four categories according to their linguistic messages, location and purpose: directions; transportation; safety; and announcements/service signboards. This pilot study will be followed by a future examination of the possible effects of monolingual signboards on Western students and researchers and the concept of anxiety. ?? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
Get PDFIn this paper, I will examine the ideas of the Chinese government regarding concepts of ethnicity, language and identity. This examination will provide clarity by which to estimate the direction towards which Chinese government policies are committed. Particularly, this research will focus on the language policy pursued by the Chinese government through the Confucius Institute. In this sphere, I will research the activities and specifics of the Chinese government’s language policy conducted both internally and externally in order to understand the whole aspect of its language policy. After analyzing the connection between these activities and the specifics of the Chinese language policy, I will finally extract and summarize the characteristic features of the Confucius Institute as the external language policy instrument of the Chinese government. ?? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
Political culture in transition: Changing values and consolidation of democratic rule in Slovenia, 1991-2004
Get PDFIn the present article I will discuss cetrain implications of regime change in political culture. The main research question will attempt to address how transition from an authoritarian rule to a democratic model of government affects the structure of political culture. I will demonstrate the empirical implications of my argument taking the case of democratization in Slovenia between 1991 and 2004. In order to do so I will analyze statistical data sets 'Values in Transition' compiled by the Public Opinion and Mass Communication Research Center at the University of Ljubljana. ?? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????1991???2004??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
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No full textThis section is an open forum for discussion between readers and authors. If you would like to submit comments on specific articles and/or open a discussion thread on any of the related themes please go to Online Submissions. Your comments will be posted in this section as soon as they can be reviewed by the Editorial Board. ?? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
Civil Society of Bangladesh: Depoliticized in Working Agenda but Politicized in Power Relation
Get PDFThe concepts of depoliticization and politicization are opposite in nature but they coexist in the context of the Bangladeshi development paradigm. Civil society organizations (CSOs) are depoliticized in their working agenda and this is convenient for the state, the market and even for the CSOs themselves because they do not challenge anyone. Nevertheless, this position renders the CSOs more prone to politicization in accordance with party politics. Ultimately Bangladesh is suffering from the democratization process despite the huge number of CSOs. This study is based on an extensive survey of 1,005 CSOs in Dhaka, Bangladesh, conducted by means of structured questionnaires through direct interviews in 2006 and 2007. ?? ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? (CSO) ????????????????????????????CSO?????????????????????????????????????????????????????CSO??????????????????????????????????????????????CSO????????????????????????????????2006??2007???????????????????????????? (???????) ?1,005?CSO??????????????
Get PDFThe following article introduces the Japanese translation of the 19th century French historian Jules Michelet. Professor Tachikawa, who supervised this challenging task, talks about the problems posed by this translation and the prior reception of Michelet in Japan as well as his abiding influence. ?? ??????????????????????????????2010????2011?6???????????????????????????????????????????????????17????19??????3??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????