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Youth Work, Youth Studies, and Co-design: Sustaining a Dynamic Nexus to Progress Youth Participation
No full textAbstractYouth work practitioners and youth researchers both share a keen interest in the lives, experiences, and well-being of young people; however, the skills and expertise held by practitioners and researchers have not always been mutually valued leading to tensions and a research-practice gap. The rise of co-design methods that prioritise relational skills and ethics appears to mark a moment for closing or reducing this gap. Rather than accepting this convergence at face value, in this paper, we examine some of the key tensions around (1) relational ethics and decision-making, (2) holding multiple roles and expertise, and (3) structures that constrain or sustain participation to argue for sustaining a dynamic research-practice nexus. Drawing on our experience and practitioner-researchers, we argue that rather than simply overlooking the practical and ethical tensions between practice and research, sustaining a dynamic nexus comprising of continuing dialogue and collaboration can foster and progress co-design methods in pursuit of the aims of youth participation
New approach and results in nonlinear filtering of continuous-time state space
No full textThis paper develops a novel method for solving maximum a posteriori (MAP) and maximum likelihood (ML) nonlinear filtering problems in continuous-time state space. Some distributional identities for the statistics of incomplete information are established as the continuous-time counterpart of those given in \cite{Surya}. Using these identities and the duality principle between estimation theory and optimal control, which was pointed out in \cite{Kalman} for discrete-time state space, a new set of exact explicit filtering equations are derived. They consist of the governing dynamics of MAP and ML state estimators and the corresponding covariance matrix. In particular, unless in the linear state-space, the governing dynamic of covariance matrix is influenced/corrected by the observation process in similar fashion to that of the state estimator. This finding constitutes the main appealing feature of the new nonlinear filtering equations. The results generalize earlier works of \cite{Bucy}, in particular \citep{Bryson,Cox,Jazwinski,Mortensen} for nonlinear state-space. Discrete-time representation of the obtained filtering equation is provided. It serves as an alternative to the extended Kalman-Bucy filter.</p
Culturally sustaining assessment for indigenous learners in aotearoa New Zealand: Drawing from policy, research, and educator voices
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OK Google, help me learn: an exploratory study of voice-activated artificial intelligence in the classroom
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Domesticity Under Siege: Threatened Spaces of the Modern Home <b>Domesticity Under Siege: Threatened Spaces of the Modern Home</b>, edited by Mark Taylor, Georgina Downey, and Terry Meade, London, Bloomsbury, 2022, 224 pp., $153.00 (hardback), ISBN 9781350166127
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Chemical genetic analysis of zinc-neutral lipid interaction in yeast
No full textRecently, the beneficial effects of zinc supplementation on pathological conditions associated with the accumulation of triglycerides (TAG) and cholesterol, also accompanied by reduced levels of zinc, suggest an interaction between neutral lipid metabolism and zinc homeostasis. The molecular basis of the zinc-neutral lipid interaction, however, is not understood. Exploiting the simplicity of the neutral lipid metabolism in \emph{Saccharomyces cervisiae}, my thesis aims to determine the underlying mechanisms driving this zinc-neutral lipid interaction.In chapter 2, I elucidated that the TAG content is correlated with intracellular zinc levels in yeast, demonstrated by reduced LD/TAG content in cells exposed to an increasing range of zinc concentrations. Using TAG lipase mutants, it is revealed that LD/TAG depletion occurs independent of TAG mobilization and is triggered by the repression of TAG synthesis instead. Supplementation with FA restored diminished TAG levels, implying that the repression of TAG synthesis arises from the unavailability of FA, the primary precursor for TAG synthesis. Further investigations pointed out the disruption of Acc1 activity as causal for zinc-mediated repression of FA synthesis, leading to a concomitant reduction in cellular TAG levels.In chapter 3, I elucidated the genetic requirement for impaired zinc homeostasis in the presence and absence of TAG via analysing the growth of gene deletions in DMA and TAG-deficient libraries. The protein-protein interaction network of zinc sensitivity exacerbators or suppressors revealed high enrichment for different pathways in the presence and absence of TAG. High enrichment for proteins related to carbon metabolism and energy generating processes in the absence of TAG, suggested a change in the metabolism of the primary energy generating compound, glucose, which necessitates the formation of TAG as an alternative carbon source in impaired zinc homeostasis.In chapter 4, I investigated the link between ergosterol metabolism and zinc homeostasis, suggested by bioinformatic predictions in chapter 3 and also experimental findings in chapter 2, whereby zinc supplementation resulted in the modulation of LDs containing the storage form of ergosterol, steryl ester (SE). Notably, impaired zinc homeostasis resulted in the accumulation of SE, as well as several ergosterol intermediates. Even though the synthesis of ergosterol and steryl ester is interconnected via the regulation of ERG genes involved in the last module of ergosterol synthesis, zinc-mediated modulation of ergosterol occurs independent of SE levels. Overall, this thesis provided mechanistic insight into the interaction between zinc homeostasis and neutral lipid metabolism in yeast. The bioinformatic predictions in tandem with experimental analysis argue in favor of metabolic remodeling in impaired zinc homeostasis triggered by glucose depletion, promoting the utilization of alternative carbon sources, mainly neutral lipids, while inhibiting the synthesis of energy-demanding products such as FA.</p
In Transferral Between Chinese and American Cultures: Famous Chinese Short Stories, Retold by Lin Yutang and its Chinese Translation
No full textLin Yutang 林語堂 (1895–1976) was a Chinese American writer who wrote primarily in English and acted as an interpreter of Chinese culture for the west. During Lin’s stay in the United States from 1936 to 1966, he produced some thirty works in English to disseminate Chinese philosophy and customs to a western audience. Although Lin was hailed as a cultural ambassador between China and the United States, his translation and rewriting works are sometimes criticised for complying in the colonial power dynamics between China and the west. In this thesis, I demonstrate that Lin’s English translations and rewritings are not only achievements made from personal capabilities in bilingual transfer, but also products of individual efforts in dealing with cultural obstacles imposed by the authorities. I select Famous Chinese Short Stories, Retold by Lin Yutang as a case, to illustrate that Lin’s reworking on traditional Chinese folktale stories constitutes a reinvention of Chinese cultural legacy. Famous Chinese Short Stories, Retold by Lin Yutang contains a selection of twenty tales from both literati and popular sources in ancient Chinese culture, edited and rewritten in English by Lin using western storytelling techniques. As I argue, Lin’s cross-cultural rewriting helps to uncover the humanistic potential of traditional Chinese resources to modernise ancient Chinese society. Especially, his endeavour in translation and cross-cultural communication demonstrates his compassionate perspective on women’s status in ancient China. In addition, this thesis explores the Chinese translation of Famous Chinese Short Stories, Retold by Lin Yutang completed by a Taiwanese translator Zhang Zhenyu 張振玉, and examines the Chinese translation as part of the continued reception of Famous Chinese Short Stories, Retold by Lin Yutang in the Chinese world. As such, the study of Famous Chinese Short Stories, Retold by Lin Yutang provides a valuable reference for the significance of and challenges in translators’ cross-cultural mediation.</p
Effects of Charge Density Variations on Aerodynamics of Low Earth Orbit Objects
No full textPredicting the ionospheric aerodynamic forces acting on a satellite in low Earth orbit (LEO) is critical both in terms of avoiding collisions with other satellites in this area as well as deorbiting the spacecraft according to the international guidelines. The LEO is an ensemble of charged and neutral ions and it has been shown that the momentum exchange between these particles and a charged body has a significant impact on the drag forces acting on the body, and in-turn on its motion. Given the substantial variations in densities and relative composition of charged species with altitude and latitude, the resultant drag force on the satellite spans a wide range. This paper presents a comprehensive study of drag forces resulting from the interaction of plasma in LEO and a floating object. The simulations are performed using pdFOAM, an electrostatic particle-in-cell code. We show that the different ion percentages play a critical role in the value of the drag coefficient. Moreover, cases with lower density and high percentage of H+, have the largest value of drag coefficient. The drag coefficient increases significantly with increasing altitude, i.e. for lower ion density
Children's distinct drive to reproduce costly rituals
No full textCostly rituals are ubiquitous and adaptive. Yet, little is known about how children develop to acquire them. The current study examined children's imitation of costly rituals. Ninety-three 4–6 year olds (47 girls, 45% Oceanians, tested in 2022) were shown how to place tokens into a tube to earn stickers, using either a ritualistic or non-ritualistic costly action sequence. Children shown the ritualistic actions imitated faithfully at the expense of gaining stickers; conversely, those shown the non-ritualistic actions ignored them and obtained maximum reward. This highlights how preschool children are adept at and motivated to learn rituals, despite significant material cost. This study provides insights into the early development of cultural learning and the adaptive value of rituals in group cognition
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