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Prevalence, and Associated Risk Factors of Urinary Incontinence in an Omani Geriatric Population, Muscat, Oman: A Cross-Sectional Study
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Recognizing Patterns of CSOM in Children at Sargodha: Insights for Primary Care Provider
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Clinical Management of Asthma: New Insights Overview
Full text linkSignificant advancements in asthma management have been observed in recent years. New major findings in the pathogenesis of asthma have focused on epigenetics, the innate cellular compartment, and the distinctive immune system. The accurate immunology process was complemented with innovative techniques and the use of artificial intelligence (AI). Numerous human trials and valuable evidence have highlighted asthma treatments and informed modifications in many guidelines for asthma, such as GINA, Expert Panel Report 3, and the guidelines of ERS/ATS on severe asthma, as well as the development of novel guidelines like EAACI for the use of biologicals in severe asthma. Asthma treatment has been put forward with its integration within the wider milieu of Planetary Health. Recently, progress has been meaningful regarding enhanced knowledge about the processes underlying responses/non-responses to new therapeutic approaches and asthma phenotypes. This review recapitulates current information on the international guidelines, diagnosis and therapeutic approaches for asthma management
Enhancing Glaucoma Detection in Primary Care: A Systematic Review of Global Challenges, Advances, and the Pakistan Perspective
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Histomorphological Analysis of Placental & Umbilical Cord Blood Vessels in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
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The Emergence of Pott’s Disease in Complicated Systemic Sclerosis
Full text linkSystemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare, autoimmune connective tissue disease that causes fibrosis and collagen deposition in the skin, joints, and internal viscera. Such patients are more prone to infections, which can affect almost any organ system. However, tuberculosis in SSc patients has rarely been reported. Involvement of the spine is rare in patients with TB, and has never been priorly reported in a patient with SSc. A 42-year-old female with complicated SSc who had interstitial lung disease, pulmonary hypertension, Sjogren’s syndrome; and presented with the complaint of backache and fever. Upon lab and radiological investigations, we elucidated a collapsed lumbar vertebra. She was subsequently diagnosed with Pott’s disease. After conservative treatment and initiation of anti-tuberculous medications, her symptoms improved and was discharged. We emphasize the significance of careful evaluation, radiological assessments, and TB screening in patients with autoimmune illnesses, especially in regions where TB is endemic
Salter-Harris Type 1 Fracture of the Left Fibula in a 5-Year-Old Girl after Trampoline Injury
Full text linkThis case report describes a Salter-Harris type 1 fracture of the left fibula in a 5-year-old girl who sustained the injury while jumping off a trampoline. Growth plate injuries, like this Salter-Harris type 1 fracture, are common in the pediatric population, especially among young children participating in recreational activities. The patient presented with immediate pain, swelling, and inability to bear weight on the affected ankle. Radiographic imaging confirmed the Salter-Harris type 1 fracture, characterized by a fracture line through the growth plate with the epiphysis remaining in its normal position. The patient was treated with immobilization in a short leg cast, instructed to avoid weight-bearing, and underwent a structured rehabilitation program. With appropriate management, the patient was able to return to her normal physical activity level without any residual issues. This case highlights the importance of early recognition and prompt treatment of growth plate injuries in children to ensure a full recovery
Appropriateness of Obstetric Ultrasound Indications in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Quetta, Pakistan: Compliance with ACOG Guidelines
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Clinical Indications and Abuse of Corticosteroids: A Narrative Review
Full text linkCorticosteroids are lifesaving drugs; however, their abuse has been noted in general population. The objectives of the review were to highlight the adverse effects after prolonged use and abuse of corticosteroids. The review covers the period of 2000-2023. After extracting information from over 76 articles and evaluating their quality, data was presented as PRISMA diagram. The main adverse effects appear after abuse or prolonged use of corticosteroids are immune suppression, osteoporosis, weight gain, stunted growth in children, glucose intolerance, hypertrichosis, acne, telangiectiasis, hypertension, mood disorder, rosacea, peri-oral dermatitis, fibrosis of renal, cardiac and vascular cells, hormonal-disturbances, cataract, glaucoma and prolong use in COVID-19 patients enhanced the mortality. Mostly corticosteroids were used as a fairness cream for a long time without medical supervision. Despite corticosteroids’ clinical benefits, their abuse as fairness cream is not justified. Therefore, the general public has to be educated about the adverse effects associated with corticosteroid prolongation and abuse. A coordinated strategy is required among patients, physicians and pharmacists to stop the mistreatment of topical corticosteroids
