21623 research outputs found
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Investigating the effects of oral contraceptives on thrombotic-risk markers.
No full textMasters Degree. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban.Abstract available in a PDF
An investigation of Grade 11 teachers’ experiences of teaching English First Additional Language (EFAL) literature: a decolonial perspective.
No full textMasters Degree. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg.This study explored the teaching experiences of six English First Additional Language (EFAL) teachers teaching literature to Grade 11 learners at two semi-rural schools in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. A decolonial conceptual framework was used as the lens to understand participants’ experiences. A qualitative research approach guided by the transformative paradigm as well as a narrative enquiry research methodology were used. Data was generated using individual interviews, focus group interviews and classroom observations. Content analysis was used to generate themes. The study discovered that although the Department of Basic Education (DBE) in South Africa has identified decolonisation of the curriculum as a major goal, study participants said they have never heard about it in their capacity as educators. There is no decolonisation of the curriculum training available to teachers. The study also discovered that teacher education in South African universities needs to increase both the pedagogical and subject expertise of instructors in EFAL literature. Participants also mentioned that apartheid was a major focus in the English First Additional Language (EFAL) literature curriculum. The study discovered that by not teaching African learners about indigenous knowledge, African learners are differentiated. Additionally, the best ways, according to the teachers, to teach EFAL literature are through expressive pedagogical approaches. The contextual elements that offered a persistent impediment to understanding EFAL literature included overcrowding. The results of this study will assist in raising curriculum developers' understanding of the importance of EFAL literature in achieving a decolonised literature
Integrated supply chain management approach in petroleum industry: a case of British Petroleum Southern Africa.
No full textMasters Degree. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban.The broader literature shows that supply chain uncertainty in the petroleum industry remains the challenging issue as the world changing, where several studies focus on the Collaboration Planning, Forecasting and Replenishment (CPFR) model in the petroleum industry. Industries find it challenging to successfully match their processes for demand planning to the unpredictable environment in which they work. Lack of coordination would probably lead to unreliable and erroneous forecasts, which may ultimately jeopardise a company's long-term existence. One of the key components to enhancing supply chain performance is the ability to effectively predict demand in variable situations. This study aims to establish the level of the integrated supply chain of activities in British Petroleum and to enable real time information sharing, along with an integrated network through (CPFR) to enhance cooperation between supply chain activities. The research methodology for this study included a description of the precise methods used to gather and analyses the data, as well as the research approach, population, sampling strategy, data collecting, and data analysis. This study adopted quantitative method that entails the numerical value allowing the researcher to translate numeral data to the relevant statistics. The study further used questionnaires research tools to collect data. Furthermore, according to the research most of the respondents strongly agreed that the terminal collaborate with other internal operational department in order to ensure that information is shared across the organisation so as to enable value creation in the industry, minimising delays and maximising efficiency and product quality. As a result of this finding, the petroleum industries need to shift their focus more to collaborative supply chains, which can help to mitigate the challenges associated with uncertainty in the business. Collaboration is crucial and is expected of all parties involved in the supply chain
Genetic analysis of agronomic traits among tropical and sub- tropical maize (Zea Mays L.) inbred lines for drought tolerance in South Africa.
No full textDoctoral Degree. University of KwaZulu-Natal, PietermaritzburgMaize (Zea mays L.) production plays a crucial role in the economies of most southern African countries. However, these countries have recently experienced significant decreases in maize yields due to the increased occurrence of drought events. In the future, the situation is anticipated to worsen. Several studies have predicted increased frequency and severity of droughts, highlighting South Africa as one of the global hotspots for climate change-induced drought events. Hence, it will be important to breed maize cultivars that can adapt to the prevalent climate challenges to meet the requirements of local and regional markets. Tropical and sub-tropical germplasm adapted to sub-Saharan African (SSA) environments can enhance the tolerance of South African maize to moisture stress. These genotypes are renowned for their native traits that ensure maize productivity in multiple-stress environments. Therefore, these genetic resources can provide a valuable source of genetic diversity needed to enhance the resilience of South African maize germplasm against climate change-related challenges, particularly drought stress. The knowledge of the mechanism regulating drought tolerance in maize will also facilitate the integration of the desired genes into local germplasm. Therefore, the specific objectives of the study were: (i) to assess genetic diversity and population structure of tropical and sub-tropical maize inbred lines using phenotypic traits and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers; (ii) to assess genetic variance parameters and heritability among tropical and subtropical maize inbred lines under well-watered and drought-stressed conditions; (iii) to identify candidate genes significantly associated with maize yield and yield component traits under well-watered and drought-stressed environments; and (iv) to evaluate the genotype by environment interaction of tropical and sub-tropical maize inbred lines under well-watered and drought-stressed environments and identify parental inbred lines for further breeding.
The first study assessed the genetic diversity and population structure among one hundred and twenty-eight (128) maize inbred lines sourced from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), and the University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN). This was done using 15 phenotypic traits assessed across two locations and 11,450 SNP markers. The inbred lines showed highly significant (p < 0.001) levels of variability for traits such as days to anthesis, days to silking, plant height, and grain yield. This indicates substantial genetic variation among the studied inbred lines. The highest grain-yielding genotypes included TZISTR1190, TZISTR1261, CML540, CML571, and TZISTR1119, achieving yields of 5.9, 5.8, 5.6, 5.6, and 5.5 t ha-1, respectively. The modelbased population structure analysis revealed the existence of three sub-populations (K = 3) among the inbred lines. This was supported by the phenotypic and molecular hierarchical cluster analyses which grouped the inbred lines into three clusters, respectively.
The second study assessed the interrelationship between grain yield and its components among tropical and sub-tropical germplasm to confirm the utility of the traits in selecting highperforming inbred lines under well-watered and drought-stressed conditions. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences (p < 0.001) among genotypes for all traits. High heritability (H2) estimates were recorded for ear height (76.10%), plant height (62.74%), ear length (58.97%), and grain yield (64.02%) in a well-watered treatment. Under drought stress, ear height (61.98%) demonstrated the highest heritability, while all other traits exhibited heritability estimates below 50%. Correlation and principal component analyses identified traits such as field weight, kernels rows per ear, ear length, ear diameter, plant height, and ear height as significant factors with direct association with grain yield under well-watered and drought-stress environments.
The third experiment was a genome-wide association study conducted using a panel of 182 maize inbred lines, to reveal the genetic basis of ear height, ear length, ear diameter, kernels per row, kernel rows per ear under drought and well-watered conditions. The panel was genotyped using a 50,941-SNP array, of which 7119 SNPs together with the best linear unbiased estimates (BLUPs) were used for the GWAS using a mixed linear model. In total, 25 and 21 significant SNPs were detected for the traits under well-watered and drought-stressed environments, respectively. These loci included SNP 4583772 located on Chromosome (Chr) 2 which was significant for EH with pleiotropic effects for ED. In addition, SNP 2382814 located on Chr 7, significant for ED was co-localized under well-watered and drought-stressed environments. From the candidate regions of the 46 significant loci, 15 genes expressed in maize ear traits, participated in biological pathways such as amino acid biosynthesis, enzyme regulation, growth, and stress hormone function. These candidate genes included putative functional genes such as Zm00001e032263, Zm00001eb206490, Zm00001eb099810, Zm00001eb332890 (smk501 - small kernel 501), and Zm00001eb418870, of which Zm00001eb099810 is located on QTL for height above the ear. These results have the potential to be useful in starting marker-assisted selection and targeted trait introgression in maize under well-watered and drought-stressed conditions.
The fourth study examined the performance of the 182 tropical and sub-tropical inbred lines over five seasons at Ukulinga, Makhathini, and Cedara research stations in the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. Genotype and genotype × environment (GGE) interaction effects were significant (p ≤ 0.001) for grain yield and related traits among the inbred lines. Notably, the GGE biplot clustered the environments into three distinct mega-environments. Inbred lines TZISTR1190, TZISTR1231, and TZ-14 exhibiting stable high yield in well-watered and drought-stressed conditions can be incorporated into local maize breeding pipelines to develop stable and high-yielding resilient hybrids
Towards decolonisation of primary school education in South Africa.
No full textResearch Articles. Criminology and Forensic Studies.Background: Despite the end of apartheid in South Africa in 1994, most black schools in the country still embrace coloniality through policies and practices. This leads to disempowerment, loss of identity, inequalities and inferiority in the learners, which are nurtured till their adulthood. It is therefore important to decolonise the inherited curriculum and recognise African identity, culture and system as valuable for Africans. Aim: This article aims to explore coloniality within the primary school education system in South Africa and aims to motivate curriculum transformation that will divest coloniality in Africa. Setting: This article centres around South African Primary schools.
Methods: This article employs a desktop approach and a systematic literature review. To collect the data, the study selected articles from different search engines such as EBSCO, Science Direct and Google Scholar. This enables the synthetisation of previous works to provide knowledge on the topic. The decoloniality theory underpins the study. Results: Primary school education in South Africa is influenced by coloniality; hence, there is a need for transformation. Conclusion: The primary school curriculum in South Africa needs to be revised in a decolonised manner to suit a multi-racial or ethnic South Africa for the realisation of an equitable and just future for Africans.
Contribution: This article provides knowledge about coloniality within the context of primary schools in South Africa and further recommends curriculum transformation to a truly African manner. It thus aligns with the journal’s theme and scope, which is the interrogation of coloniality in South African primary schools
Genetic algorithm based prediction of students' course performance using learning analytics = I-Genetic algorithm esekelwe ukubikezela kokusebenza kwesifundo sabafundi kusetshenziswa ukuhlaziya kokufunda.
No full textDoctoral Degree. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg.Learning Analytics (LA) can play a key role in understanding students’ learning and academic performance. By identifying poorly performing students early, LA can also be used to identify students who are at risk of dropping out of programmes. This enables academic advisors to intervene early and provide help to ensure students stay on track and succeed in their studies. Hence, LA is becoming a common trend in education particularly in higher education. Previous studies of LA have not dealt with specific courses in information systems and information technology. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a model for the application of LA to different courses with the discipline of Information Systems and Technology using various data sources. This study used the design science research approach to help towards solving the problem of understanding students’ learning and performance in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Multiple data sources were used. The data that was obtained was pre-processed using MS Excel. Thereafter, the WEKA tool was used in the analysis of the data and prediction of performance. Decision tree, Random Forest and genetic-based algorithms were used to develop prediction models for each of the courses in the discipline of Information Systems and Technology at the University of KwaZulu-Natal. The study also resulted in the development of an integrated dataset for the discipline of Information Systems and Technology in higher education and a process model for the implementation of LA in a specific discipline. The involvedness of the data allows future researchers to continuously improve/evolve the area of LA. This study should, therefore, be of value to LA practitioners wishing to implement LA to courses within other disciplines as well.
Iqoqa.
I-Learning Analytics (LA) ingadlala indima ebalulekile ekuqondeni ukufunda kwabafundi nokusebenza kwezemfundo. Ngokuhlonza abafundi abangenzi kahle kusenesikhathi, i-LA ingasetshenziswa futhi ukuhlonza abafundi abasengozini yokuyeka izinhlelo zokufunda. Lokhu kwenza abeluleki bezemfundo bakwazi ukungenelela kusenesikhathi futhi banikeze usizo lokuqinisekisa ukuthi abafundi bahlala besendleleni futhi bayaphumelela ezifundweni zabo.
Ngakho-ke, i-LA isiba umkhuba ojwayelekile kwezemfundo ikakhulukazi emfundweni ephakeme. Izifundo zangaphambilini ze-LA azizange zibhekane nezifundo ezithile ezinhlelweni zolwazi nobuchwepheshe bolwazi. Ngakho-ke, inhloso yalolu cwaningo bekuwukusungula imodeli yokusetshenziswa kwe-LA ezifundweni ezihlukene ngokuqeqeshwa Kwezinhlelo Zolwazi Nobuchwepheshe kusetshenziswa imithombo yedatha eyahlukene. Lolu cwaningo lusebenzise indlela yocwaningo lwesayensi yokuklama ukusiza ekuxazululeni inkinga yokuqonda ukufunda nokusebenza kwabafundi ezikhungweni zemfundo ephakeme (HEIs). Kusetshenziswe imithombo yedatha eminingi. Idatha etholiwe yacutshungulwa ngaphambilini kusetshenziswa i-MS Excel. Ngemva kwalokho, ithuluzi le-WEKA lasetshenziswa ekuhlaziyeni idatha nokubikezela kokusebenza. Isihlahla sezinqumo, Ihlathi Elingahleliwe kanye nama-algorithms asekelwe ofuzweni kwasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa amamodeli okuqagela esifundweni ngasinye somkhakha Wezinhlelo Zolwazi Nobuchwepheshe eNyuvesi yaKwaZulu-Natali.
Ucwaningo luphinde lwaholela ekwakhiweni kwedathasethi edidiyelwe yokuqeqeshwa Kwezinhlelo Zolwazi Nobuchwepheshe emfundweni ephakeme kanye nemodeli yenqubo yokuqaliswa kwe-LA emkhakheni othile. Ukubandakanyeka kwedatha kuvumela abacwaningi bakusasa ukuthi baqhubeke bethuthukisa/baguqule indawo ye-LA. Ngakho-ke, lolu cwaningo kufanele lube wusizo kubasebenzi be-LA abafisa ukusebenzisa i-LA ezifundweni ezikweminye imikhakha futhi
The role of violence in the construction of Black South African masculinities in Zukiswa Wanner’s texts.
No full textDoctoral Degree. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg.Contemporary South Africa has attracted global attention because of the spate of violence perpetrated by men against women and children. Twenty-nine years into democracy, with a constitution that vouches for gender equality, the country still seems to be held captive by the traditional stereotypes which give authority and power to one dominant form of masculinity which has been given legitimacy as the benchmark for measuring successful manhood. This type of masculinity has proven to be unsustainable, given the prevailing shifts in the country’s socio-economic climate. Because of this, failure to attain it usually culminates in violent incidents, and women and children are always victims. Through Wanner’s texts, this work examines different versions of black South African masculinity, how they are constructed, as well as the role of violence in their construction. Since masculinity has proven to be a heterogenous concept, this work seeks to challenge the dominant and violent constructions, and to negotiate alternative forms which embrace gender equality. Not only does this work concern itself with the different types of black South African masculinity and the role of violence in their construction, it also highlights the role of women in their construction, an aspect which is always taken for granted, yet it plays a crucial role in the way in which masculinities are constructed and enacted. This is accomplished by delving deeply into the family unit and examining the conventional gender roles of women, keeping in mind that the South African constitution grants them the freedom to either adhere to these roles or select from a variety of options presented to them. It is suggested that women's contributions to the building of masculinities ought to be acknowledged, since their decisions appear to have a substantial impact on either fostering or impeding the change of masculinities. It is further suggested that boys and young men are socialised into more egalitarian forms of masculinity
Pre-release evaluation of the flea beetle Heikertingerella sp. (Coleoptera: Galerucinae: Alticini), a potential biological control agent for the invasive weed Tecoma stans L. (Bignoniaceae) in South Africa = Ukuhlolwa okungaphambi kokukhishwa kwezeze eliyibhungane i-Heikertingerella sp. (Coleoptera: Galerucinae: Alticini), i-ejenti yokulawula yebhayoloji engabakhona yokhula oluhlasela i-Tecoma stans L. (Bignoniaceae) eNingizimu Afrikha.
No full textDoctoral Degree. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg.The root-feeding beetle Heikertingerella sp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) was introduced into quarantine in South Africa for evaluation as a biological control agent of the invasive tree Tecoma stans L. (Bignoniaceae). Larval feeding damages the roots, potentially reducing the weed’s growth and reproduction. Pre-release studies in quarantine included several aspects. Studies on the beetle’s biology and host specificity were conducted to confirm its safety for release in South Africa. The impact of varying beetle densities on plant fitness was assessed to determine its likely impact in the field. The effect of local climate on the beetle’s potential to establish throughout the weed’s range in South Africa was predicted using climate-modelling software. The interaction between Heikertingerella sp. and a leaf-feeding agent already established in South Africa was investigated. Finally, the effect of host-plant age and nutrient enhancement on mass-rearing activities was studied, to optimize beetle numbers for releases. The beetle proved host specific resulting in the granting of permission for its release in South Africa. There were significant reductions in plant growth and biomass accumulation in the beetle-exposed plants, relative to the controls, indicating that Heikertingerella sp. is sufficiently damaging. Climate matching revealed that Heikertingerella sp. is likely to perform best at coastal sites in South Africa, with the colder, more inland, areas within the weed’s range proving less suitable. The beetle proved compatible with a defoliating agent established in South Africa, with evidence of positive interactions that are likely to enhance their combined impact on the weed. Trials involving plants of varying age and nutritional enhancement revealed that 3-year-old plants, which were supplemented by either medium or high levels of fertilizer, were best suited for F1 progeny production and therefore for the mass-rearing of Heikertingerella sp. for releases. The results of this study should also benefit other countries in Africa and elsewhere in the world, where the plant is invasive.
Iqoqa.
Ibhungane elincelisa izimpande i-Heikertingerella sp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) yethulwa endaweni eyodwa eNingizimu Afrikha ukuze ihlolwe njengomenzeli wokulawula isayensi yezinto eziphilayo yesihlahla esihlaselayo i-Tecoma stans L. (Bignoniaceae). Ukondliwa kwezibungu kulimaza izimpande, okungase kunciphise ukukhula nokuzala kokhula. Izifundo ezikhishwe ngaphambilini zokuvalelwa zibandakanya izici ezimbalwa. Kwenziwa ucwaningo ngesayensi yezinto eziphilayo yebhungane kanye nemininingwane yalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwalo ukuze likhishwe eNingizimu Afrikha. Umthelela wokuminyana kwamabhungane okuhlukahluka kokuqina kwezitshalo wahlolwa ukuze kutholwe umthelela ongase ube nawo ensimini. Umthelela wesimo sezulu sendawo emandleni ebhungane okwakha ukhula lonke eNingizimu Afrikha wabikezelwa kusetshenziswa isoftware yokufanisa isimo sezulu. Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-Heikertingerella sp. kanye nomenzeli wokuphakela amaqabunga kade kusunguliwe eNingizimu Afrikha kwaphenywa. Ekugcineni, umthelela weminyaka yezitshalo ezibamba iqhaza kanye nokuthuthukiswa komsoco emisebenzini yokukhulisa ubuningi kwacwaningwa, ukuze kwandiswe izinombolo zebhungane ukuze zikhishwe. Ibhungane labonakala likhethekile okwaholela ekunikezweni kwemvume yokukhululwa kwalo eNingizimu Afrikha. Kube nokuncipha okukhulu ekukhuleni kwezitshalo kanye nokunqwabelana kwe-biomass ezitshalweni ezivezwe yibhungane, uma kuqhathaniswa nezilawuli, okubonisa ukuthi i-Heikertingerella sp. ilimaza ngokwanele. Ukuqhathanisa isimo sezulu kwembula ukuthi i-Heikertingerella sp. kungenzeka ukuthi isebenze kahle kakhulu ezindaweni ezisogwini eNingizimu Afrikha, lapho kubanda, phakathi nezwe, izindawo ezingaphakathi kokhula zikhombisa ukungafaneleki. Ibhungane labonakala lihambisana nomenzeli wokubola owasungulwa eNingizimu Afrikha, nobufakazi bokusebenzelana okuhle okungenzeka kuthuthukise umthelela wabo ohlangene nokhula. Izivivinyo ezibandakanya izitshalo ezineminyaka ehlukene kanye nokuthuthukiswa komsoco kwembula ukuthi izitshalo ezineminyaka emi-3 ubudala, ezengezwe ngezinga eliphakathi noma eliphezulu likamanyolo, zazifaneleka kakhulu ekukhiqizeni inzalo ye-F1 futhi ngenxa yalokho ekukhulisweni kwenqwaba ye-Heikertingerella sp. ukukhishwa. Imiphumela yalolu cwaningo kufanele izuzise namanye amazwe ase-Afrika nakwezinye izindawo emhlabeni, lapho lesi sitshalo sihlasela khona
Mapping the spatial variability of foliar C:N ratio in a communal rangeland using remote sensing = Ukuhlela ukuguquka kwendawo eyisilinganiso sefoliar C:N ezimfundeni eziyihlanze zomphakathi kusetshenziswa inzwa yokuqapha izimpawubunjalo zendawo.
No full textDoctoral Degree. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg.Rangelands contribute significantly to livelihoods by providing grazing land, as well as an array of ecological goods and services. However, they are increasingly threatened by among others, alien invasive plant species, climatic variability and injudicious land management. Hence, sustainable use and optimization of rangelands has recently gained attention. Forage nutrients, such as the C:N ratio are valuable indicators of rangeland quality and quantity, and influence rangeland’s carrying capacity and grazing distribution. Therefore, understanding the spatial distribution of foliar C:N ratio in rangelands is valuable for implementing strategic grazing plans and management strategies. Recently, remotely sensed data, specifically the
readily available multispectral sensors with improved spectral properties have gained popularity in foliar nutrients modelling. Consequently, this study sought to model fine scale foliar C:N ratio in a heterogeneous communal rangeland using the new generation multispectral sensors. Thus, five objectives were established, firstly; a review of remote sensing applications in mapping foliar nutrients in tropical grasslands. The findings show that the monitoring of foliar nutrients in grasslands, particularly in Sub- Sahara Africa, using high spatial resolution sensors has been hindered by prohibitive costs. Hence, readily available multispectral sensors remain the most viable option in mapping forage nutrients in heterogeneous landscapes. Secondly; to leverage on Google Earth Engine cloud computing platform to monitor the foliar C:N ratio in a heterogeneous landscape using Sentinel 2 data and the random forest algorithm. The results show an estimated R2 accuracy of 74, with RMSE of 2.68 for the validation datasets of the C:N ratio model established by integrating the spectral bands and vegetation indices. Thirdly, the study sought to test the efficacy of fusing Sentinel 2 and Superdove Planetscope datasets in enhancing the rangeland foliar C:N ratio prediction at a landscape scale. The results
demonstrate that freely available new generation multispectral sensors with unique spectral settings offer new opportunities for improving forage C:N ratio mapping in resource-poor countries. Using Sentinel 2 data, the study established that the visible, red edge and near infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum were influential in predicting the foliar C:N ratio. The study also established that fusing the spatial resolution of Planet scope with the Sentinel 2’s spectral properties enhanced foliar C:N ratio estimation within a heterogeneous landscape (R2 of 0.79 and RMSE of 2.36).Furthermore, the study noted that both Planetscope's high spatial resolution and Sentinel 2 MSI's high spectral resolutions were valuable in
determining the spatial variability of foliar C:N ratio and the inclusion of the red edge spectral settings, combining fused datasets with ancillary variables and the adoption of robust algorithms such as Random Forest improved foliar C:N ratio modelling accuracy. Other variables such as wind effect, topographic wetness index, and the sky view factor also influence the foliar C:N ratio spatial variability . Overall, the findings of this study offer new insights on reliable and cost-efficient approaches for mapping forage nutrients in resource-constrained regions such as South Africa. Using freely available advanced multispectral sensors, the study provides valuable information necessary for optimal rangeland management
School principals’ experiences of ethical leadership during times of accountability : complexities, dilemmas and dynamics.
No full textDoctoral Degree. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg.Several studies have highlighted the importance of ethical leadership during this era of accountability. Scholarship suggests that ethical leadership is at the heart of school life as decisions are underpinned by ethics. This study explored school principals’ experiences of ethical leadership. The study further examined why school principals enacted ethical leadership the way they do. Underpinned by the interpretive paradigm, a qualitative design and a case study methodology, six school principals were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. Documents reviews were used to augment data generated through interviews. Multiple Ethical Paradigm Theory, Chaos Theory, Accountability Theory, and Stakeholder Theory were used as theoretical lenses to frame the analysis of data. Data was subjected to thematic cross-case analysis. To this effect, a meta matrix analysis tool and Document Review Schedule were used to thoroughly analyse data generated from interviews and documents respectively. The study found that school principals embrace ethical leadership in their leadership as school leaders because they are of the strong view that it yields many benefits in the entire school environment. Also, the findings of the study suggest that school principals have a clear understanding of ethical leadership; however, some still enacted unethical leadership practices. The study found that some school principals are conscious that ethical awareness is their responsibility as school leaders and the latter is enhanced through human interaction. To achieve this endeavour, the study found that some school principals believe in being exemplary and have taken upon themselves to enhance ethical leadership in their schools while others collaborate with other stakeholders like teacher unions, the DBE, Traditional Leaders and even Taxi Drivers’ Associations. This thesis concludes that the nexus between accountability and ethical behaviour remains elusive, as a result, ethical leadership for some school principals remains a pie in the sky; in some instances, it is a well-preached gospel that is hardly practiced. Since this study was conducted in one education district where six school principals participated in the study, I therefore recommend another study of the phenomenon to be conducted. To this effect, a mixed method study that will also include statistical data is recommended in order to allow for data to be extrapolated to a wider population.
Iqoqa.
Ucwaningo oluningana selukuvezile ukubaluleka kobuholi obunqubonhle ngalesi sikhathi sokuziphendulela. Ucwaningo luveza ukuthi ubuholi obunqubonhle buqhakambisiwe esimweni sesikole njengoba izinqumo zesekelwe kwinqubonhle. Lolu cwaningo luphenye izimo zabaphathizikole zobuholi obunqubonhle. Ucwaningo lubuye futhi lwahlola ukuthi kungani abaphathizikole beqhuba ubuholi obunqubonhle ngendlela abenza ngayo. Ngokwesekelwa ipharadaymu yomhumusho, uhlaka lwekhwalithethivu kanye nendlela yocwaningonto, abaphathizikole abayisithupha kwaxoxwa nabo ngokusebenzisa izingxoxo ezisakuhleleka. Ukubuyekzwa kwamadokhumenti kwasetshenziswa ukwengeza imininingo eyatholakala ezingxoxweni. Injulalwazi yepharadaymu yenqubonhle ephindaphindiwe, injulalwazi yobuxhaxhaxha, injulalwazi yokuziphendulela, kanye nenjulalwazi yababambiqhaza kusetshenzisiwe njengesisekelo sokubuka ukwakha uhlaka lokuhunyushwa kwemininingo. Imininingo ibe seyihlaziywa ngokwezindikimba zokubuka izinto ngokuqhathanisa. Ukuveza umphumela, ithuluzi lokuhlaziywa ngengxube yamamethriksi kanye nohlaka lokubuyekezwa kwamadokhumenti kwasetshenziswa ukuhlaziya ngokunzulu imininingo etholakale ezingxoxweni kanye nakumadokhumenti ngokulandelana kwakho. Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi abaphathizikole bagomothela ubuholi obunqubonhle njengabaholi bezikole ngoba bakholelwa ekutheni kuholela emivuzweni eminingi ezizindeni zesikole zonke jikelele. Okunye futhi, imiphumela yocwaningo iveza ukuthi abaphathizikole banokuqonda okucacile ngobuholi obunqubonhle, yize noma kunjalo, abanye basenza izinto ezinobuholi obungenayo inqubonhle. Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi abanye abaphathizikole banako ukuqonda ukuthi inqubonhle ingumsebenzi wabo njengabaholi bezikole nokukhuliswa ngokuxhumana kwabantu. Ukufinyelela kulo mkhankaso, ucwaningo luthole ukuthi abanye abaphathizikole bayakholelwa ekutheni babe isibonelo futhi bakubeke emahlombe abo ukukhulisa ubuholi obunqubonhle ezikoleni zabo ngesikhathi abanye behlanganyela kanye nabanye ababambiqhaza njengezinyunyane zothisha, i-DBE, abaHoli beNdabuko kanye neziNhlangano zabaShayeli bamaTekisi. Lolu cwaningo luphetha ngokuthi ukuvumelana phakathi kokuziphendulela kanye nokusebenza okunqubonhle kusahleli kungenakuqhathaniswa, okungukuthi, ubuholi obunqubonhle kwabanye abaphathizikole busayingxenye ephezulu esibhakabhakeni, kwezinye izimo, kuyintshumayelo ejwayelekile nengejwayele ukulandelwa. Njengoba lolu cwaningo lwenzeke esiyingini semfundo lapho abaphathizikole abayisithupha behlanganyele ocwaningweni, ngiphakamisa futhi olunye ucwaningo lwesimo esifanayo ukuthi lwenziwe. Ukuveza umphumela, indlela yocwaningongxube oluzobandakanya imininingo yezinombolo iyaphakanyiswa ukuze imininingo yedluliseleke emphakathini osabalele