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Examining the relationship between executive remuneration and company performance of retail companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange Limited.
No full textMasters Degree. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban.Executive remuneration is a contentious subject in the South African private sector and globally and is a significant concern for the public, shareholders, and policymakers. There is considerable outcry from the public, government, and media over the pay-for-performance schemes for executives. The uproar is focused on the subsequent disproportionately higher salaries and bonuses they earn (executives) compared to employees in the same organisation. This research study explored the relationship between executive pay and company performance for South African retail companies listed on the JSE. The agency theory was used to understand the underpinnings of the relationship between executive remuneration and company performance indicators. Company performance was assessed using total assets, turnover, earnings before interest taxation and amortisation (EBITDA) and earnings per share (EPS). The study focussed on 16 retail companies that met the inclusion criteria. An Excel dataabstraction tool collected data on short-term executive pay and company performance measures from the selected companies' integrated annual reports. The integrated annual reports were accessed online through the McGregor Bureau for Financial Analysis and the Bloomberg database from the KwaZulu-Natal Library. The analysis comprised descriptive statistics, Spearman’s correlation and multiple regression methods. From the integrated annual reports, all selected companies adhered to South African corporate governance guidelines on public disclosure of executive compensation. Each company had independent non-executive directors who proposed compensation packages for the executives and senior management. From Spearman’s correlation analysis, executive remuneration and total assets, turnover, and EBITDA had a weak to moderate positive correlation. Executive remuneration had a weak negative correlation with EPS. Furthermore, the multiple regression analysis established a statistically significant relationship between executive pay and EBITDA (p < 0.05). These findings provide valuable insights into the ongoing discussion on the appropriateness and effectiveness of performance-based remuneration strategies in South African JSE-listed retail companies. Implicitly, the study findings emphasise the need for careful consideration when selecting company performance measures to link with executive remuneration. Future research could provide more insights by exploring the connection between executive pay and nonfinancial company performance measures
The impact of strategic leadership principles on business growth and financial sustainability: A Rand Water case study.
No full textMasters Degree. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban.This document entails a research study conducted at Rand Water with the aim of exploring the impact of strategic leadership principles on achieving business growth and sustainability. The study objectives and research questions were formulated to respond to the study’s aim adequately. A literature review was conducted covering all the major topics and theories relevant to the study, including strategic leadership, revenue growth, financial sustainability, and relevant legislation. A research methodology was developed to stipulate the research process. After considering various research methodologies, a qualitative case study research design was found to be more suitable for this research. This resulted in an inductive approach being utilized. The research population for this study was Rand Water managers in general, while the target population was managers at the middle management level and above. Data was collected through semistructured interviews, which were recorded and transcribed using MS Teams. The data was then analyzed using NVivo software based on thematic analysis. Initial codes were then developed and analyzed until the main codes were established. The main themes generated through this process were leadership, revenue growth, profitability, and sustainability It was concluded that Rand Water managers generally fully apply five of the seven strategic leadership principles to varying degrees. This represents a 72% application of the strategic leadership principles. The most embraced principles were found to be strategic partnerships, future-oriented strategies, and evidence-based decision-making. However, challenges remain in implementing new initiatives and maintaining ethical standards. Despite these challenges, it was found that Rand Water managed to sustain revenue growth and profitability, demonstrating the effectiveness of its strategic leadership. It was also concluded that the relationship between strategic leadership principles and both revenue growth and sustainability was direct and symmetrical. The four pieces of legislation that are crucial for Rand Water’s growth and sustainability were also identified. Recommendations that respond to the research objective and questions were also derived from the findings and conclusions. This study addresses growth and sustainability challenges for water utilities by recommending policy and legislative changes. It ensures reliable water supply and water security and adds to leadership and strategic knowledge through a practical case study
The link between the right to the prompt provision of a birth certificate and the right to education in Zimbabwe: holding the state accountable.
No full textMaster's Degree. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban.No abstract provided
Solar flare recurrence prediction & visual recognition.
No full textMasters Degree. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg.Solar flares are intense outbursts of radiation observable in the photosphere. The radiation flux is measured in W/m2. Solar flares can kill astronauts, disrupt electrical power grids, and interrupt satellite-dependent technologies. They threaten human survival and the efficiency of technology. The reliability of solar flare prediction models is often undermined by the stochastic nature of solar flare occurrence as shown in previous studies. The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) system classifies solar flares based on their radiation flux. This study investigated how Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) models compare to their ensembles when predicting flares that emit at least 10−6W/m2 of radiation flux, known as ≥C class flares. A Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) and Simple RNN homogeneous ensemble achieved a similar performance with a tied True Skill Statistic (TSS) score of 70 ± 1.5%. Calibration curves showed that ensembles are more reliable. The balanced accuracies of the Simple RNN Ensemble and LSTM are both 85% with f1-scores of 79% and 77% respectively. Furthermore, this study proposed a framework that shows how objective function reparameterization can be used to improve binary (≥C or <C) categorical predictions of
ensemble RNNs under uncertainty in the stochastic solar flare environment. The best-calibrated ensemble (Heterogenous Stacking Ensemble) had a TSS score of 65 ± 1%, balanced accuracy of 83%, and an f1-score of 81%. Almost perfect calibration usually comes with a trade-off on some metrics, e.g., the TSS as seen in other studies. It is a fact that solar flares erupt from magnetically active regions. Visual manifestations of solar flares can be categorized into various morphological classes which are linked with the underlying magnetic field. Moreover, this study demonstrated how ensemble Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) can be used to improve visual recognition of solar flares observed at wavelength 1,600◦A. Base learner diversity was used to improve the likelihood of ensemble success. Classification improved from 94% to 99.99 ± 0.01% when compared to the only preceding study that used CNNs. Overall, this study demonstrated how base learners can be set up to improve ensemble performance in the context of solar flare predictions
Community perceptions regarding challenges associated with water and sanitation: a comparative study of four selected rural communities in Ndwedwe local Municipality, KwaZulu-Natal.
No full textMasters Degree. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban.The issue of poor access to water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) within Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is rampant. Even though WASH is a basic human right, many citizens in developing countries lack access to these services. Lack of WASH creates negative implications such as lack of productivity due to transmission of waterborne diseases which limits people from sustaining their livelihoods. Apart from the lack of WASH provision in SSA, disparities in service provision between urban and rural areas remains a challenge for development. Rural areas are lagging in achieving adequate access to WASH as compared to their urban counterpart. The recent outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has emphasised the importance of sufficient access to safe WASH. Thus, WASH services are therefore a necessity to all, especially to rural areas in developing countries as they are most affected from the lack of these services.
In light of the above, this study assessed community perceptions regarding challenges associated with access to WASH services in four selected rural communities in Ndwedwe Local Municipality. The overall aim of the study is to assess whether the challenges experienced by rural communities with access to WASH services are equally shared. To achieve this aim, it was first important to understand the efforts (in policy and practice) made to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the current barriers to WASH provision across rural SSA. Hence, an extensive literature review was conducted for contextual understanding and evaluation of the barriers to WASH in SSA, post establishment of SDGs. A case study approach was utilised for the reviewing of current barriers to WASH provision in SSA. The overall findings of the literature review suggest that the root causes and impacts of the current barriers to WASH provision in SSA remain largely common amongst many countries, particularly in urban areas. In comparison, the current barriers to WASH provision are more complex to understand for rural communities. Thus, this study used a number of theories to explore the barriers to WASH provision in order to contextualise local community perceptions. The sustainable livelihoods approach, political economy, political ecology, and urban bias theory were utilised to contextualise the complexity of WASH provision within these communities. This study undertook comparative research among households from four selected rural communities (known as Mkhukhuze, Msunduze, Intaphuka and Kwazini). These four communities are comparative based on the level of access to primary services and their geographical location. The Mkhukhuze and Msunduze communities have improved access to WASH services such as reticulated water and infrastructure as compared to the Intaphuka and Kwazini communities. This study used a triangulation research approach as it utilised both quantitative and qualitative methods. The four rural communities were selected on the basis of the municipality’s ongoing challenges associated with the provision of water and sanitation. This study employed snowball and purposive sampling techniques. Regarding the quantitative data, a questionnaire survey was employed. An inclusion and exclusion criteria was used to administer the questionnaires in the four communities. All four communities were included in the questionnaire survey as they do not have access to water. While households with residents who have not lived for more than five years within the communities were excluded. A total of four hundred questionnaires were administered to the four communities. Data collected from questionnaires was processed through Statistical Package for Social Science version 28, presented, and analysed descriptively. In respect to qualitative data, participatory rural appraisal (PRA) exercises were held among focus groups consisting of ten female respondents within each rural community. Inclusion and exclusion criteria was utilised to select the female participants for the PRA exercises. The PRA methods utilised were namely problem ranking matrix, Venn diagrams, mental mapping, and transect walks. The qualitative data was analysed thematically. Overall, the demographic results show that there were more females than males who participated in this study. Similarly, the results indicate that the majority of the households visited were female-headed, with the exception of the Kwazini community (with 57% male-headed households). With regards to educational attainment, most of the respondents in the Msunduze (66%) and Intaphuka (57%) communities did not complete secondary school. Across the communities, most respondents depended on unsustainable income sources, but 73% of the respondents in Kwazini community depended on sustainable wages as their household’s primary source of monthly income.
Access to water provision is lacking among the four selected rural communities. As a result, households utilise alternative water sources such as rivers and streams with majority of respondents in Intaphuka (61%), Msunduze (49%), and Kwazini (45%). These sources are not reliable and often contaminated with domestic waste and sharing of livestock which result in a risk to the environment and human health. The Mkhukhuze community is the only community with a functional water system (borehole) and 41% of respondents indicated that they are accessing water from this infrastructure. Access to piped water is minimal with only 18% and 14% of respondents in the Mkhukhuze and Msunduze communities, respectively. Poor sanitation at household level also exists as most respondents in Msunduze (54%) and Kwazini (52%) communities are still using pit latrines without ventilation. Some households are subjected to open defecation as 10% of respondents in the Intaphuka community do not have any sanitation facility. Lack of basic handwashing facilities is also widespread in these four communities, with the Kwazini community leading with majority of respondents (76%) unable to practice safe hygiene during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results also reveal that there is corruption in the water supply of water tankers within the communities as truck drivers sell water illegally to residents within the four communities. To address inadequate access to WASH, suggestions such as community involvement (95%) and stakeholder partnership (90%) were motivated by the respondents in the four communities. WASH policy and reform must be implemented within rural areas to ensure adequate provision of services. Empowering and educating rural communities in water projects and maintenance of water infrastructure must be promoted to ensure the sustainability of infrastructure. Community involvement in reducing corruption in rural water distribution and water treatments in rural systems should also be encouraged to ensure sufficient access to improved WASH
An architectural response to informality: a proposed mixed-use community hub in Komani Informal Settlement, Eastern Cape.
No full textMasters Degree. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban.Global urbanisation is accelerating as most people move from rural villages, farms, and the countryside to urban metropolises. This is the way that things are done in South Africa. Previously, colonialism and apartheid left behind a legacy of injustices and inequalities, and a sizable portion of the South African population is still disenfranchised or impoverished today. Many citizens reside in abandoned buildings on the outskirts of the major business centre, areas of persistent poverty, and extremely dangerous settings. This study is being conducted in Komani, an Eastern Cape town that is close to the Stormberg mountains. About 25% of its population lives in informal settlements. Officials have been forced to alter their plans for informal settlements and work toward integrating them into the fabric of South African cities due to the fact that these communities have turned into insurgents and are fighting for their "right to be part of the central business district area" and a better quality of life. In this situation, it is vital that architecture reconsiders how it may address the problems that informal settlement groups experience in order to reimagine the social imperatives of modernist architecture in these rebellious places. This study investigates how place theory, informality, culture, and empowerment of informal settlement groups might influence architecture to provide more adaptable and successful interventions that deal with the problems these communities face. Understanding the conditions of urban informality, the way of life and daily struggles of the occupants of informal settlements, and strategies for resolving the issues these communities face through a combination of formal and informal processes are made possible by a variety of literary works, theories, precedents, and case studies. Theories like empowerment, informality, culture and place-making may provide light on what it is like to live in an informal community daily. The objective of this study's architectural approach will be the conceptualisation of a planned mixed-use community hub in the Eastern Cape's Komani Informal Settlement. The goal of this thesis is to improve the community's quality of life by addressing its daily demands and problems
Evaluation of optical biosensing techniques towards point-of-care diagnosis of active TB.
No full textDoctoral Degree. University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban.Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity globally even though it is a treatable disease. South Africa is one of 22 countries with a high TB burden that accounts for 83% of worldwide TB cases. Recent innovations in "near-patient" or point-of-care (POC) diagnostic technologies for TB have resulted in early treatment initiation. For instance, the roll-out of GeneXpert MTB/RIF devices in resource-limited countries has resulted in improved rapid and accurate diagnosis of TB and rifampicin resistance testing. Regardless, these devices also have limitations, for example, requirements for specialized infrastructure, operation by highly trained personnel, and high costs per test. This is a significant setback, especially in developing countries. Thus, a rapid and effective diagnosis of TB is a crucial intervention strategy for reducing the burden of TB. As a result, there is a need for a cost-effective, userfriendly, and robust POC TB diagnostic device with high sensitivity and specificity. Hence, this study focuses on the evaluation of optical biosensing techniques for the development of a POC device for TB diagnosis. Biosensors offer great advantages over conventional analytical techniques. Specifically, they can provide multiple capabilities such as user-friendly operation, real-time analysis, rapid response, high sensitivity and specificity, portability, label-free detection, and cost-effectiveness. This diagnostic approach possesses suitable features to develop POC diagnostics and monitoring technologies. A novel optical biosensor chip was developed to monitor biomolecular interactions between mycolic acid antigens and antimycobacterium tuberculosis antibodies. Mycolic acid was successfully immobilized on a goldcoated surface and a photonic crystal-based surface and allowed to react with antimycobacterium tuberculosis antibody as an analyte. The biosensor chip surface was characterized using various tests, including atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. To enhance the detection signal from biomolecular binding events, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were bioconjugated with goat anti-rabbit IgG H&L secondary antibody and introduced on the biosensing surface. Characterization of the AuNPs before and after bioconjugation was performed using ultravioletvisible (UV-vis) absorption spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and further analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The gold-coated biosensor chip was analyzed using a custom-built nanoplasmonic biosensing setup to differentiate the experiment from control groups, and the photonic crystal-based biosensor chip was analyzed using a similar setup using a white light source. The obtained results showed that mycolic acid was successfully immobilized on the biosensing surface and made it possible to capture anti-mycobacterium tuberculosis antibodies. The nanoplasmonic optical biosensing technique was indeed successful in the detection of anti-mycobacterium tuberculosis antibodies
A critical discernment of the image of God amongst the Black, urban, isiXhosa speaking Catholics within the Catholic Archdiocese of Cape Town, in relation to other sources of sacred power, in a context of on-going change = Ukwahlulelwa okunzulu ngomfanekiso kaNkulunkulu kubantu abansundu , emadolobheni , abangamaXhosa bengamaKhatholika ase-Archdiocese eKapa , kuqhathaniswa namandla angcwele , ezimeni eziguqukayo.
No full textDoctoral Degree. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg.With view to a deeper appreciation of how the Xhosa Catholics within the Archdiocese of Cape Town have assimilated Catholicism, the thesis delimits this compound objective to the way in which the image of God has been appropriated by the urban amaXhosa, in relation to other sources of sacred power, a manageable scope for this paper. Pauw (1975) presents research on how the Xhosa have adopted Christianity, assisted by a substantial team of research assistants. Some Catholic researchers have contributed to religious-cultural analyses of indigenous Catholics in South Africa, but there is a research deficiency within the Cape Town environs due in part to the relatively smaller proportion of Black Catholics within this Archdiocese. These numbers have grown substantially with on-going migration from country to city. A qualitative questionnaire has been utilised as part of an interpretative phenomenological analysis to explore the image of God held by the Xhosa Catholics supplemented with a comprehensive literature review. The research discovers that there are a range of contenders for sacred power with which to cope with existential issues, not only ‘God’. Also, God exists no longer as a distant, awesome deity, represented as such in African Tradition. He now dominates the religious consciousness of the people. The ancestors have been displaced from their formerly dominant role but are still perceived as significant dispensers of sacred power. Christ’s image as God is overshadowed and he does not appear to command a pre-eminent, authoritative relationship with the congregants. The ancestors generally invite more deliberation than Christ. This depreciation of the Christ image critically undermines the Easter mystery, for the Catholic Church the pivotal episode of revelation. Catholic parishioners also patronise other sources of sacred power. The research results generally concur with literature, concluding that the qualitative impact of Christianity is found wanting. Lack of cultural awareness, and imperfect evangelization account for the partial realization of Christian mission. The Holy Spirit too has only been partially appropriated. Results highlight a significant Christological shortcoming, even crisis. Tlhagale (2018) adjudicates indigenous Christians to be closer to ATR than to Christianity. Strategies are proposed to address the challenges.
Iqoqa.
Lolu cwaningo luhlola izindlela okubukwa ngayo umfanekiso kaNkulunkulu ngamaKresto angamaKhatholika angamaXhosa asemadolobheni eKapa, eDayosini enkulu yamaKhatholoka eKapa, kuqhathaniswa namandla angcwele. UPauw (1975), ethula ucwaningo ngamaXhosa aguqukele kubuKrestu, elekelelwa yiqembu thizeni, waveza ukuthi kunenkolo embaxambili yamaXhosa angamaKrestu, lenkolo bayibiza ngobuKresto kanye neNkolo Yendabuko Yama-Afrikha (ATR). Abanye abacwaningi BobuKhatholika balwenzile ucwaningo olufuze lolu nokuhlaziywa kwalo eNingizimu Afrikha, kepha kuncane okwenziwe eKapa okuveza ukadebona oqhubekayo kumaXhosa. Kulolu cwaningo kusebenze inhlololwazi yekhwalithethivu njengengxenye yokuhlaziya umfanekiso kaNkulunkulu oyinkolelo yamaKhatholika angamaXhosa. Lokhu kube sekusetshenziswa kanye nokubuyekezwa kwemibhalo okunzulu. Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi kunokuphikisana okusabalele ngenkolelo yamandla angcwele, ngaphandle kukaNkulunkulu, okuphikisanayo nezinto ezikhona. Kuphinde-futhi, kuvele nokuthi uNkulunkulu akekho kude, nezimangaliso zobungcwele, njengalokhu kuvezwa kwi-ATR. Lobungcwele buyabusa enkolweni nakunembeza wabantu. Amadlozi akusakholelwa kuwona njengabangcwele kubantu, kepha asenayo indawo enkolweni. Umfanekiso kaKhritu njengoNkulnkulu uyacindezeleka futhi awubukeki unamandla, awuseyikho konke. Amadlozi sekukholelwa kuwo kakhulu kunoKhristu. Umoya Oyingcwele wamukelwa ngokuyingxenye, kanti eminye imimoya engcwele ivuselelekile. Imiphumela yocwaningo ihambisene nemibhalo. Ngenkoleloze yobuKhatholika, ukwehla kwenkolelo kwumfanekiso kaKhristu kudambisa inkolelo yokufa nokuvuka (Cross and Resurrection of Christ), ngokwenkolo yobuKhatholika enesiqephu somlando wensindiso, kanye nobudlelwano noKhristu. Ukungaqini kahle kwesu lamamishini amaKhatholika kungaba imbangela yokushaya kwayo indiva amasiko esintu. Lokhu-ke kube sekubizwa ngenhlekelele ngu-Archbishop Tlhagale (2018). Ukholwa ukuthi amaKhristu angabobomdabu base-Afrikha basondelene ne-ATR kunenobuKhristu. Lolu cwaningo luphetha ngokuphakamisa amasu okubhekana nalezi zinselelo zama mishinari
The Diasporean II: perspectives from beyond Southern Africa.
No full textBook. School of Management, IT and Governance
Genomic analysis of Swakara sheep sub-populations.
No full textMasters Degree. University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg.The Swakara, originally derived from the Karakul breed of Uzbekistan, is a fat-tailed sheep breed first imported into Namibia in the 1900’s and then later spread throughout Southern Africa. With the aim of producing superior pelts, the breed was subjected to intense crossbreeding and selection with the white wooled indigenous Namaqua Afrikaner and Blackhead Persian breeds, with the aim of producing superior pelts possessing wavy hair with short, lustrous fibres and clear patterns. Swakara sheep can be found in four different coat colours (black, grey, brown, and white), with only the black being inherent to the original Karakul with the presence of coat colour variation thought to be the basis of some of the inbreeding and selection imposed on the breed. The sheep are prone to genetic disorders such as the subvital factor that causes the animals to die within 48 hours of birth and is prevalent in grey and white-wooled sheep. It is suggested that these genetic disorders are due to intensive selection imposed on a breed of limited population size. Little is known about the genomic architecture of the Swakara sheep and its divergence between the sub-populations and from the founding breeds. Such lack of information makes it difficult to understand the factors contributing to the appearance of genetic disorders. Furthermore, it imposes a challenge in the implementation of future breeding programs, trying to select for new traits as well as in the conservation of genetic resources. In this study, 244 sheep from 8 sub-populations representative of Swakara Sheep from Namibia (n = 171), and South Africa (n = 44) and founding Karakul sheep from Germany (n = 5) were sampled and genotyped using the OvineSNP50 beadchip. These sheep were of Brown (n = 25), Black (n = 51), Grey (n = 42), White Vital (n = 34), and White Subvital (n = 63) sheep. In addition, ancestral breeds of Namaqua Afrikaner (n = 10) and Blackhead Persian (n = 14) were obtained from previously published data. The first set of analysis investigated the genetic diversity and structure of Swakara sub-populations and its presumed founding breeds. Genetic diversity ranged from HO = 0.29±0.15 for the White Subvital to HO = 0.41±0.22 for the Karakul. The first principal component analysis (PCA) produced five clusters with PC1 explaining 27.35% of the total variation whilst PC2 accounted for 19.25% of the total variation. Cluster A consisted of only the Brown Swakara, Cluster B consisted of the Black, Grey, and White Swakara. Some of the White Vital and Black Vital also clustered together with the Karakul in Cluster C. The Namaqua Afrikaner and Blackhead Persian clustered separately in Clusters D and E, respectively. Per marker FST showed differentiated SNPs within QTLs associated with milk production, wool quality traits, and coat colour. Signatures of selection were identified utilising three methods of within population (iHS), between population (XP-EHH) and across the global population (HapFLK). A total of 73, 619 and 1931 selective sweeps were detected from each of the analysis, respectively. A large number of significant selective sweeps (|iHS|>3.0) were identified within the ancestral populations across 16 different chromosomes (OAR1, OAR2, OAR3, OAR4, OAR5, OAR6, OAR7, OAR8, OAR12, OAR15, OAR17, OAR18, OAR20, OAR21, OAR22, OAR23) and 28 of the signals were detected within the coat colour groups and ancestral groups. Overlapping genes were associated with QTLS of body weight (FBN2, CNTNAP5) and milk fat percentage (TMEM163, NDUFB3). The strongest signals were observed between the coat colour sub-populations with XP-EHH values ranging from 3.93 to 5.27. Further analysis detected signatures of selection related to 56 candidate genes, including PTGER3, ADAMTS3, TROAP, NEIL2, FBXO8, BTBD10, KLF13, and CCNT1 that are associated with hot carcass weight, testes weight and milk yield. HapFLK revealed strong selection signals on chromosome 2 and 3. Genes related to gastrointestinal parasites such as GPC6, KAZN, MCTP1, and HS3ST3A1 were detected. Runs of homozygosity (ROH) analysis revealed the Brown Vital and Blackhead Persian to have ROHs of the longest mean lengths. Furthermore, FROH based inbreeding estimates were low across populations with the highest inbreeding (FROH = 0.26) identified in the Namaqua Afrikaner. This study sought to provide insight into the genomic architecture of Swakara sheep and the presumed ancestors to understand the prevalence of genetic disorders, guide future breeding programs and facilitate
preservation of genetics.EMBARGO ON THESIS, release date 01 January 2025