Malmö University
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All Siblings Fight – Right? : A study of language use and the normalization of sibling violence in the swedish press
No full textSibling violence is a widespread yet underexplored phenomenon, particularly in Sweden, where it is often overshadowed by other forms of intimate partner violence and trivialized as normal sibling rivalry. This study aims to analyse how sibling violence is portrayed in Swedish print media, with a particular focus on the language used and underlying norms. The study seeks to answer the following main research question: How is sibling violence portrayed and described in the Swedish print media, and how is it normalized? Additionally, the following sub-questions guide the analysis: (1) What words and concepts are used to describe and define violent acts between siblings in Swedish newspapers? (2) What norms and ideas about sibling relationships and sibling violence emerge in the material? Through a thematic media analysis of 33 newspaper articles from a variety of Swedish publications, the study identifies key themes such as inconsistent terminology, normalization of sibling violence and idealized views of sibling relationships. Findings reveal that Swedish media often fail to distinguish between everyday sibling conflicts and systematic sibling violence, which obscures the severity of the issue. The term sibling violence is rarely used. Instead, words such as “conflict,” “quarrel,” and “rivalry” are mainly used, framing violent behavior as ordinary and mutual rather than harmful and asymmetrical. The study highlights the lack of consistent definitions and recognition of sibling violence as a specific form of violence. This imprecise and inconsistent use of terminology contributes to the normalization of sibling violence and complicates the efforts to address it as a particular form of violence Furthermore, the idealized norms surrounding sibling relationships perpetuate the belief that such violence is a natural part of childhood development, further hindering recognition. Additionally, narratives place primary responsibility on parents to manage sibling violence, with limited acknowledgment of the role of social institutions
From Lone Wolf to Team Player : The importance of collaboration in the creative freelance sector
No full textFreelancers in the design and media industries are an increasingly significant part of the modern labor market. While freelancing offers flexibility and independence, many face challenges like isolation, stress, and job insecurity. This study examines how lack of collaboration and professional networks affects freelancers’ work environments and overall well-being. Using Bourdieu’s social capital and Granovetter’s weak ties theories, the study highlights the critical need for community, knowledge-sharing, and support. Results show freelancers struggle with client access, skill growth, and emotional support, but see digital communities as promising solutions. Building on these insights and as part of my practical design project, I developed Fubbick FrilansForum - a prototype exploring how a supportive digital freelance community can be designed in practice
Fiction in Educational Practice: On Teacher Choices
No full textDet här examensarbetet syftar till att undersöka hur mellanstadielärare resonerar kring sitt urval av skönlitteratur i svenskundervisningen. Lärarens val av litteratur är en central del av undervisningens innehåll och påverkar såväl elevers läsutveckling som deras förståelse för språk, kultur och det svenska samhället. Studien vill bidra med kunskap om vilka faktorer som kan styra urvalet, hur dessa val motiveras, samt vilka didaktiska övervägande som ligger till grund för lärarnas beslut. Studien har en kvalitativ ansats och bygger på semistrukturerade intervjuer med ett urval av verksamma lärare på mellanstadiet. Det empiriska materialet har analyserats genom tematisk analys, och studien har bedrivits med strävan efter vetenskaplig logik och transparens. Validitet har i detta sammanhang förståtts som meningsfullhet, begreppslig tydlighet och empirinära tolkning. För att stärka validiteten har analysen kontinuerligt kopplat till syftet, forskningsfrågan och tidigare forskning, och citat från intervjuer har använts för att underbygga tolkningarna. Reliabiliteten har säkerställts genom att intervjufrågorna utformades utifrån studiens syfte,testats i förväg och att alla intervjuer spelats in och transkriberats. Analysarbetet har skett systematiskt och dokumenterats noggrant, vilket möjliggör granskning och förståelse för forskningsprocessens olika steg. Intervjuguiden har kombinerat strukturen med flexibiliteten för att ha möjliggjort både kategoriseringar och djup i svaren, och detta har minimerat risken att viktiga aspekter förbises. Resultatet visar att urvalet av skönlitteratur påverkas av en rad samverkande faktorer: personliga preferenser, tillgång till litteratur och styrdokument. Studiens visar också att lärare ofta ser skönlitteratur som ett verktyg för att utveckla elevers språk, empati och kritiskt tänkande, men att de samtidigt måste förhålla sig till praktiska begränsningar i sitt val. Genom att belysa dessa didaktiska urval ger studien inblick i lärarprofessionens komplexitet och bidrar till en djupare förståelse för hur skönlitteratur används och motiveras i undervisningen. Nyckelord: Didaktiska val,kvalitativ metod, mellanstadiet, skönlitteratur, svenskämnet, reliabilitet, validitet
The Enemy From Within : A Case-Study on How Structural Violence is Related to Non-State Armed Groups in Haiti
No full textThis thesis is focused on the non-state armed group (NSAG) crisis in Haiti, particularly after the assassination of President Jovenel Moise in 2021. This event marked the moment of opportunity for rapid expansion of NSAGs as a result of the heightened political instability and the appearance of a power vacuum because of the leader's muder. This qualitative case-study explores the causal relationship between Haiti's structural violence and the proliferation of NSAGs in the last four years. By employing a theoretical framework made up of Galtung's Structural Violence, Azar's Protracted Social Conflict theory and Kaldor's New Wars theory, the empirical data was collected, from news articles and reports, and analyzed. The analysis was structured into two parts based on two operational questions, concerned with the different dimensions of a causal relationship, NSAGs' proliferation as a cause for structural violence and, respectively, NSAGs as an effect of this violence. The analysis proved that both were equally valid. Structural violence elements, such as lack of proper education, citizens' needs not being met by the state, political instability and corruption have provided NSAGs with a freeway to high levels of power and legitimacy. This status is, in turn, maintained by NSAGs through violence, disrupting infrastructure and state services while also further preventing Haitians from fulfilling their needs, strengthening the structural violence in the country. Finally, the analysis shows that NSAGs are indeed both a cause and an effect, or a symptom and a driver of structural violence in this state. These findings point to a presence of a mutually reinforcing cycle in Haiti that feeds off of structural violence, in which the state and NSAGs are complicit
Sexism in Advertising : A Semiotic Analysis of Gender Stereotypes in Advertising Videos
No full textThis thesis examines the sexist way men and women are portrayed in advertising films inorder to deduce what gender stereotypes are present, through the application of representationtheory. It further aims to analyze the level of sexism portrayed in each case. The essayconducts a qualitative case study, using a semiotic analysis to approach the visual material,which shows that the ad displaying a male protagonist is prominently sexist whereas the adportraying a female protagonist shows a less obvious case of objectification, instead focusingon the phenomenon of sneaky sexism. Both advertising examples suggest a level ofbrandsplaining, and contradict notions of equality for the respective sexes
How to talk about racism with children : A review of strategies for norm-critical teaching and inclusion
No full textThis bachelor’s thesis examines how discussions around racism are facilitated with school aged children and evaluates the pedagogical strategies and tools employed to foster a normcritical and inclusive school environment in multicultural Sweden. The study addresses the noticeable disparity between the formal anti-racist values outlined in the national educational framework and their inconsistent application in daily teaching practices. Utilizing a qualitative research design, which includes ethnographic classroom observations, semistructured interviews with teacher and principal, and surveys directed at both students and school staff, the thesis investigates how conversations about racism emerge in both planned instructional settings and informal school contexts. The findings indicate that structured anti-racist content, such as history lessons that connect colonial legacies to contemporary forms of racism, only engages a small group of students. In contrast, informal interactions, particularly during break times, often perpetuate racist attitudes. Teachers report that their authority is frequently undermined when addressing issues of racism, a dynamic that is analyzed through the framework of Critical Race Theory, highlighting the impact of structural power relations and prevailing identity norms. External initiatives, such as guest lectures, are identified as effective in enhancing deeper reflection and student engagement. The study concludes that achieving a truly inclusive and norm-critical educational environment necessitates a systematic and long-term approach, where anti-racist practices are thoroughly woven into the fabric of everyday school life. Additionally, strong teacher education and ongoing support from school leadership are critical for overcoming existing structural barriers.
Guidance for Preventing Dropout– Career Counseling Effortsin Swedish Secondary Schools
No full textSyftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur studie och yrkesvägledare arbetar med attförebygga studieuppehåll, vi har valt att avgränsa studien till de praktiskagymnasieprogrammen. Studien fokuserar särskilt på det proaktiva arbetet som vägledareutför för att identifiera riskfaktorer och stötta elever i ett tidigt skede. Följandefrågeställningar har formulerats; Vilka strategier och metoder använder studie- ochyrkesvägledare för att stötta elever som vill göra ett studieuppehåll? Vilka utmaningarmöter studie- och yrkesvägledare i arbetet med att stödja elever som riskerar att hoppa av?Tidigare forskning finns kring orsaker om studieuppehåll (rapporten anger att brist påmotivation, studietrötthet och osäkerhet, förknippad med valet av gymnasieprogram, sompresumtiva orsaker som kan leda till avbrutna gymnasiestudier). Tidigare forskningförklarar även en ojämn fördelning bland avhoppen, där elever som läser praktiskainriktningar i större utsträckning är benägna att välja att avbryta sina studier. Vi intervjuadesju studie- och yrkesvägledare och valde att använda oss av en kvalitativ metod. För attanalysera det empiriska materialet har vi valt att använda oss av teorin Careership.Resultatet vi fick fram var att de mest framträdande riskfaktorerna för studieuppehåll blandelever var förekomst av psykisk ohälsa samt felaktigt utbildningsval. Det proaktiva arbetetbestår av samtalsstöd och informativ vägledning
But Then, What Is the Base and Height of a Grisch Triangle? – Making Space for Subjectification in the Mathematics Classroom
No full textI arbetet utforskas den egna klassrumspraktiken under en sjuveckorsperiod tillsammans med elever i åk 5 inom arbetsområde geometri. Studien utgår från antagandet att subjektifiering är ett viktigt uppdrag i skolan som ställer krav på att undervisningen är både experimenterande och experimentell samt att matematiken i skolan ska vara relevant och meningsfull för alla elever. I sammanförandet av Gert Biestas teorier om subjektifiering med teorier som rör kulturellt lyhörd undervisning ställs frågan om Culturally Responsive Mathematics Teaching kan skapa rum för subjektifiering i matematikklassrummet? Empirin i arbetet utgörs av lärarstudentens egna minnesanteckningar som förs under projektets gång. Studiens resultat visar att arbetet med en grisch triangel, i vilket elevernas klassrumskultur svaras an och blir en central del av undervisningen, skapar rum för både kvalificering, socialisering och subjektifiering i matematikklassrummet. Studien visar även att det finns en nära koppling mellan teori och praktik även om CRMT inte i sig är en garanti för att rum för subjektifiering skapas i matematikklassrummet, något som bekräftar både teori (Biesta, 2013) och tidigare forskning (Flessner, 2009). I en metoddiskussion kring sammanförandet av teori som rör subjektifiering och CRMT identifieras en risk för avsubjektifiering av elever om läraren i sin ambition att bedriva en kulturellt lyhörd matematikundervisning placerar elever som del av en kultur de själva inte känner sig hemma i. För vidare forskning föreslås vidare studier som utforskar sammanförandet av de båda teorierna
Understanding the Role of Self-Efficacy in employees' Sustainability Knowledge : Examining the Impact of Knowledge Sharing, Organisational Culture, and Individual Backgrounds
No full textBackground: Sustainability is becoming a dominant factor and a strategic priority for many organisations, driven by initiatives and regulations such as the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD). To effectively engage and contribute, the employees need sufficient sustainability knowledge. However, many employees still lack this. Previous research highlights that sustainability knowledge is shaped by knowledge sharing, organisational culture and individual background, with self-efficacy playing an important role. Yet, how these factors interact, especially the moderating role of self-efficacy, remains limited. Purpose: This study aims to examine how knowledge sharing, organisational culture, and individual background influence employees’ sustainability knowledge, and to investigate the moderating role of self-efficacy in these relationships. Method: A quantitative, cross-sectional design was used, involving a structured online survey distributed among employees in large organisations (+1000 employees) across Sweden and the Netherlands. The study uses deductive reasoning and an explanatory research design. Data was analysed using multiple linear regression and moderation analysis, with subgroup comparisons across industries. Conclusion: The findings in this study revealed that individual background – particularly formal education and experience related to sustainability – and self-efficacy directly influence employees’ sustainability knowledge. Conversely, organisational culture and knowledge sharing revealed no direct effects. Additionally, self-efficacy did not moderate any of the tested relationships. These results suggest that improving sustainability knowledge requires more than cultural or structural alignment. Organisations should focus on strengthening individuals capabilities through training, education, and investment, focus on prior knowledge and strategies to enhance self-efficacy. These findings offer practical guidance for organisations aiming to build sustainability knowledge and comply with sustainability regulations, such as the CSRD.
Survey of the School Nurses' Experience of Identifying and Supporting Students with Mental Illness : A systematic literature review
No full textBakgrund: Skolsköterskan är den profession på en skola som träffar samtliga elever och har därmed en unik möjlighet att stödja och identifiera elever med psykisk ohälsa. Samtidigt visar studier att skolsköterskor upplever sig sakna kompetens inom ämnet trots att den psykiska ohälsan bland barn ökar. Syfte: Syftet är att utifrån en systematisk litteraturöversikt beskriva skolsköterskans upplevelser av att identifiera och stödja elever med psykisk ohälsa. Metod: En systematisk litteraturöversikt där studier från tre databaser granskades vilket resulterade i 10 artiklar som analyserades med tematisk syntes enligt Thomas och Harden (2008). Resultat: Syntesen resulterade i två analytiska teman; Att identifiera elever med psykisk ohälsa är utmanande och Att stödja elever med psykisk ohälsa i allians med familj och team och sex deskriptiva teman. Konklusion: Skolsköterskan kan identifiera och stödja elever med psykisk ohälsa genom samtal och genom att visa sig tillgänglig. Genom att samverka med elevens föräldrar, elevhälsoteamet och andra instanser kan både tidig identifiering och stöd erbjudas. För att skolsköterskan ska kunna utgöra ett effektivt stöd krävs stärkta organisatoriska förutsättningar och kontinuerlig fortbildningBackground: The school nurse is the profession in a school that meets all students and has a unique opportunity to support and identify students with mental illness. At the same time, studies show that school nurses experience a lack of competence in the subject despite the fact that mental illness among children is increasing. Purpose: The aim is to describe the school nurse's experiences of identifying and supporting students with mental illness based on a systematic literature review. Method: A systematic literature review where studies from three databases were reviewed resulted in 10 articles that were analyzed with thematic synthesis according to Thomas and Harden (2008). Results: The synthesis resulted in two analytical themes; Identifying students with mental illness is challenging and Supporting students with mental illness in alliance with family and team and six descriptive themes. Conclusion: The school nurse can identify and support students with mental health problems through conversation and by being available. By collaborating with the student's parents, the student health team and other agencies, both early identification and support can be offered. In order for the school nurse to be able to provide effective support, strengthened organizational conditions and continuous training are required