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Connecting the city : The idea of socioduct between Kronogården and Halltorp
No full textÄmnet för denna uppsats är att förklara vad fysiska barriärer är och att förklara deras effekter på en social nivå, det vill säga vad det innebär för människor som bor nära en fysisk barriär. Några exempel på fysiska barriärer är vägar eller järnvägar som hindrar både människors och djurs rörelser. För att studera fysiska barriärer har ett område inom Trollhättan med en fysisk barriär valts. I detta fall var det Kronogården och Halltorp. Kronogården är ett redan etablerat bostadsområde med tillgång till skola, bibliotek, vårdcentral etc., medan Halltorp är ett område som ännu inte har utvecklats men det finns planer på att utveckla området i framtiden enligt Trollhättans Stad. För att förstå hur en kan lösa de problem som följer med fysiska barriärer används liknande projekt som "Fokus Skärholmen". Projektets mål är att planera utvecklingen av Skärholmens stadsdel på ett socialt hållbart sätt. För att göra det har projektet landat på fyra kärnstrategier: allsidiga boendemiljöer, mångfald av gemensamma rum, ett promenadvänligt gång- och gatunät och lokalt förankrad process. Studien använder de fyra strategierna som teori och analys, samtidigt som Kevin Lynch-metoden och space syntax används som metoder i analysen. För att överbrygga fysiska barriärer använder studien en sociodukt för att ansluta områdena. Resultatet visar att en sociodukt skulle främja befintliga stadskvaliteter och öka både den sociala och ekologiska hållbarheten i staden. Detta sker genom att sociodukten ansluter Kronogården och Halltorp. Detta skapar en mötesplats mellan de två stadsdelarna samtidigt som smådjur och även pollinerare har ett grönt stråk att ta sig mellan områden.The subject of this essay is to explain what physical barriers are and their effects on a social level, that is, what it means for people who live near a physical barrier. Some examples of physical barriers are roads or railways that hinder the movement of both people and animals. To study physical barriers, an area within Trollhättan with a physical barrier has been chosen. In this case, it was Kronogården and Halltorp. Kronogården is an already established residential area with access to schools, libraries, health centers, etc., while Halltorp is an area that has not yet been developed but there are plans to develop the area in the future according to the City of Trollhättan. To understand how one can solve the problems that come with physical barriers, similar projects such as "Fokus Skärholmen" have been chosen as a reference. The project's goal is to plan the development of the Skärholmen district in a socially sustainable way. To do so, the project has settled on four core strategies: versatile living environments, a variety of shared spaces, a walkable pedestrian and street network, and a locally anchored process. The study uses the four strategies as theory and analysis, while the Kevin Lynch method and space syntax are used as methods in the analysis. To overcome physical barriers, the study uses a socioduct to connect the areas. The results show that a socioduct would promote existing urban qualities and increase both the social and ecological sustainability of the city. This is done by connecting Kronogården and Halltorp. This creates a meeting place between the two districts, while also providing small animals and pollinators with a green path to get between areas
“I myself became a nazi at school, I became a racist at home” : A qualitative textanalysis of the school’s influence in dealing with right wing- extremism students
No full textBakgrund: Skolans främsta uppgift är att uppfostra demokratiska medborgare och är således en viktig aktör för det preventiva arbetet gällande våldsbejakande extremism (Skolverket,2018). Baserat på tidigare forskning går det att konstatera att det finns en medvetenhet om att skolan har en central roll gällande det preventiva arbetet och att arbetet bör ses över. Tidigare forskning har sin utgångspunkt i skolans perspektiv gällande bemötande av elever med extrema åsikter. Studiens fokuserar således på elevernas perspektiv gällande hur skolans bemötande kan påverka vidare radikalisering eftersom det finns en avsaknad för den aspekten. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka vilken inverkan skolans bemötande kan ha på ungas radikaliseringsprocess, och hur detta bemötande kan bidra till att en elev söker sig till våldsbejakande extremistiska grupper. Metod: Den föreliggande studien har en avstamp i en kvalitativ textanalys. Det som har analyserats är tre individers redogörelser gällande hur bemötandet i skolan har påverkat dem till att radikaliseras och anslutas till våldsbejakande högerextremistiska grupper. Resultat: Resultatet visar att skolans bemötande spelar en viktig roll i ungas radikaliseringsprocess. De individer som studerats beskriver hur de bemöttes av lärare på sätt som upplevdes som konfrontativa, orättvisa eller negativt inställda till dem som personer. Dessa erfarenheter tycks ha bidragit till känslor av utanförskap och legitimerat en misstro mot det etablerade samhället, vilket i sin tur kan ha förstärkt en rörelse mot högerextremistiska miljöer
Insights from diabetes specialist nurses on workplace learning and person-centred care : A cross-sectional study
No full textDiabetes mellitus presents global health challenges, thereby increasing the need for person-centred care. This cross-sectional study of 157 diabetes specialist nurses evaluated the theoretical structure of the Swedish version of the Learning potential of the workplace scale and explored whether the learning potential of the workplace, work engagement, quantitative demands, influence, stress and work experience in diabetes care were associated with nurses’ perceptions of person-centred care. Regression analysis showed that the variables “opportunity to reflect”, “support in learning’, “work engagement” and “work experience in diabetes care” were positively associated with perceived person-centred care. Perceived organisational and environmental support for person-centred care was positively linked to “opportunity to reflect”, “support in learning” and “influence” and negatively to “stress” and “quantitative demands”. Reporting followed the STROBE guidelines. The findings demonstrated that healthcare systems can enhance nurses’ ability to provide person-centred care for persons with diabetes by fostering learning-oriented workplaces and addressing organisational challenges.CC BY 4.0</p
Distribution of mental health diagnoses in relation to sexual orientation and gender discontent in a late adolescent community population
No full textBackground Few population studies have assessed the prevalence of various psychiatric disorders separately for sexual and gender minority groups, and none in an adolescent population. Given the increased mental health problems in sexual and gender minority groups combined, the present study aimed to estimate prevalence of mental disorders in separate sexual minority groups as well as gender discontent persons in community-recruited adolescents in Sweden. Methods The present study is based on two waves (at 17 and 18 years of age) of a longitudinal cohort study (N = 949; 56% with female and 44% male legal gender, of which 1.7% reported gender discontent). Diagnostic data of 20 mental health disorders (psychiatric, substance use, and addictive behavior disorders) for each group of sexual orientation (asexual, homosexual, bisexual, and heterosexual) and gender discontent are reported, based on structured screening and subsequent diagnostic procedures. Results The largest prevalence of mental health disorders was detected in homosexual girls and in bisexuals of both genders. Among asexual individuals, and among homosexual boys, none of the participants fulfilled the mental health disorders assessed. Gender discontent was associated with a moderately higher number of mental health disorders. Conclusion Mental health services, both in specialized psychiatry and in community-based services targeting the mental health of adolescents may need to take into consideration the increased vulnerability for mental health disorders in bisexual individuals and in female homosexual individuals. Further research with larger samples is essential to better understand mental health in asexual individuals, young male homosexuals, and transgender or gender discontent populations.CC BY 4.0</p
Human-centric Transformative Agency in Complex Industrial Work : A Study of unplanned production stops and restart
No full textThis study applies CHAT to understanding human agency in complex industrial work, which is increasingly shaped by the intersection of machines, automated systems, and digitalization. The aim is to explore the interplay between human agency and a complex production context of unplanned stops and restart, by focusing on the interdependence between humans and technology, and the dynamics of human agency problem-solving situations. The Industry 4.0 era has been marked by the emergence of cyber-physical systems that seamlessly integrate physical components with advanced technologies. As technological solutions increasingly automate work tasks and reduce our reliance on human labor, a question arises: How are paralyzing situations affecting human-centric agency toward industrial transformations? The study case is a Swedish manufacturing company, specializing in mass-producing crankshafts for lawn mowers, saws, etc. In a Change Lab (CL) with eight sessions during 2023-2024, shop floor disturbances and stress were discussed. The TADS analysis demonstrates two levels of conflicts of motives between operators and machines and between operators and managers. This article argues that human-centric agency in complex industrial work is intrinsically linked to machines, by an operational power deeply embedded within machine-system artifacts. In addition to material-related knowledge, human agency supported by strong social skills, becomes essential for implementing a sustainable workforce.Reserach projekt: RESTART II - Operator guidance for machine error recovery through Artificial Intelligence and Augmented Reality</p
We have managers with 75-80 employees, it is not a sustainable situation…hope they also can get shared leadership.” : A qualitative study on shared leadership in elderly care
No full textDelat ledarskap inom äldreomsorgen är idag en kunskapslucka som är av värde att undersöka. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka enhetschefers upplevelser av delat ledarskap inom särskilda boenden samt hur delat ledarskap påverkar socialförvaltningens äldreomsorg. Enhetschefer har en viktig roll i att utforma en bra kvalité för äldres vård- och omsorg samt skapa förutsättningar för medarbetare i det dagliga arbetet. Det finns idag enhetschefer som ansvarar över ett högt antal medarbetare inom äldreomsorgens verksamheter. Uppdraget medför sina utmaningar, som bland annat är kopplat till just det högt antal anställda som befinner sig under varje enhetschef inom äldreområden. Studiens teoretiska ramverk utgörs av organisationsteori, organisationskultur, det två begreppen makt och delat ledarskap, Mintzbergs konfigurationsmodell samt relationell ledarskapsteori.Författarna till den föreliggande studien har gjort en kvalitativ studie med semistrukturerade interjuver. Det var sex respondenter som deltog från två olika kommuner i Sverige. Urvalet var enhetschefer från särskilda boenden inom socialförvaltningens äldreomsorg. Empirin analyserades utifrån den tematiska analysmetoden. Det resultat som framkom var att delat ledarskap är ett relativt nytt fenomen inom äldreomsorgens verksamheter. Arbetsbelastningen minskade för enhetschefer som tidigare befann sig i ett enskilt ledarskap som började arbeta i ett delat ledarskap. Resultatet visade även att det både fanns möjligheter och hinder inom det delade ledarskapet som skapades utifrån självaste relationen mellan enhetscheferna. Det framkom även att det fanns bristande organisatoriska direktiv hur delat ledarskap praktiskt skulle implementeras i äldreomsorgen verksamheter, vilket i sin tur bidrog till att delat ledarskap är organiserat olika. Resultatet visade att delat ledarskap har betydelse för äldre och medarbetare genom att enhetscheferna var mer tillgängliga. En slutsats som uppkommit efter denna studie är att det finns en avsaknad av organisatoriska riktlinjer och ramar från ledningsnivån i implementeringen av delat ledarskap. I framtiden behövs det tydligare verktyg för enhetscheferna att utforma ett delat ledarskap i praktiken
The Evolving Role of Nurses in Hospital Settings : A Scoping Review
No full textAim: To explore existing research regarding how nurses' unclear responsibilities influence their professional role development in hospital settings. Design: A scoping review was conducted according to Arksey and O'Malley. Methods: The Population Exposure Outcome framework was used to identify eligible inclusion and exclusion criteria and search terms. The included articles have been thematically analysed in guidance by Braun and Clarke. Data Sources: Twenty-six studies conducted between 2016 and 2024 were identified in CINAHL, PubMed and Scopus. Results: The roles of nurses were highly adaptable within hospital settings and healthcare teams, requiring nurses to assess both organisational shortcomings and colleagues' needs. These assessments depended on the nurses' competence and motivation for professional growth. Conclusion: There was a clear need to strengthen organisational structures and frameworks to support the evolving role of nurses. Basic nursing education must be better at preparing nurses for their upcoming leadership role. Impact: Increasing complexity and unclear responsibilities contribute to role ambiguity among nurses. The review highlights the importance of recognising nurses as visible and accountable leaders. There is also a need to support nurses' adaptability through improved basic education, which may have implications for both clinical practice and education. Reporting Method: The PRISMA Scoping Review checklist was used during the review process. The PRISMA flowchart was used to report the database searches. Patient or Public Contribution: This study did not include patient or public involvement in its design, conduct, or reporting.CC BY</p
Comparative evaluation of conventional friction stir welding and ultrasonic vibration-assisted friction stir welding techniques
No full textEnhancing joint strength in aluminium alloys remains a critical challenge for industrial applications. Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state welding process that offers superior weld quality compared to fusion methods. However, further advancements are needed, particularly for high-performance alloys like third-generation Al-Li. To address this, ultrasonic vibration-assisted FSW (UVaFSW) has been explored as a potential enhancement. This study compares the mechanical and microstructural properties of AA2060-T8-E30 joints produced by FSW and UVaFSW. Key process parameters, including tool traverse speed and ultrasonic vibration amplitude (7.5 µm and 22.5 µm), were varied to assess their influence on weld quality. Mechanical performance was evaluated through tensile testing and Vickers microhardness, while microstructural characteristics were examined using optical microscopy and SEM. The results demonstrated that UVaFSW significantly improved material flow, reduced asymmetry in the thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), and refined the grain structure. Consequently, the ultimate tensile strength increased by 16.6 % and 31.8 % at 7.5 µm and 22.5 µm amplitudes, respectively, and elongation reached 11 %, nearly three times that of FSW. Furthermore, UVaFSW produced finer grains and more uniform precipitate distribution. Therefore, UVaFSW emerges as a promising technique for enhancing weld quality in advanced Al-Li alloys for demanding engineering applications.CC BY 4.0</p
Justice beyond inclusion : the rightful presence of fat bodies in PE
No full textIn this article we problematize equity as inclusion and make a theoretical argument about rightful presence for the ‘fat body’ in PE. We argue that equity as inclusion is based on a guest/host power dynamic and a ‘culture of hospitality’ that comes with it. This argument rests on the assumption that inclusion involves a host who represents and safeguards the norms, values, and power structures of the community, welcoming the guest into that community. The host, in this context the institutional (cultural and material) conditions that constitute PE, will control the guests by the rights extended to them, rights that at any moment can be withdrawn. This creates a guest–host power dynamic by which students that do not fit the usual standards of PE will always be ‘other’, and their rights of presence and participation will always be conditioned. By introducing the concept of rightful presence, we hope to contribute to a debate on the inclusion of the ‘fat body’ in PE. In developing this argument, we re-analyze Cat Pausé’s story as described in her article (Pausé, C. [2019]. (Can we) get together? Fat kids and physical education. Health Education Journal, 78(6), 662–669) and use the situations she describes as a hypothetical example and an illustration to discuss what exclusion, inclusion, and rightful presence, respectively, mean for fat kids in PE. We argue that rightful presence can function as a fruitful and vital concept in research and pedagogical practice in that it encourages scholars and educators to recognize the right of all students to be fully present and to have the same rights as everyone else. It also helps us to ask new questions from a different perspective regarding, in this case, the rightful presence of fat bodies in PE.CC-BY 4.0 </p