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A self-help housing project in rural Tunisia in retrospect
No full textThe purpose of this study is to analyze and disseminate an experiment of rural self-help housing initiated as part of the vocational training of a group of students of architecture and which allowed to improve significantly the housing conditions of a group of deprived peasants in rural Tunisia. The discussion of the various aspects and requirements of the project gives rise to a series of reflections about the means and conditions indispensable for implementing projects oriented to meet the basic needs of the deprived groups. Equally crucial are the reflections about the dissemination of the results of the project. Conclusions connected with aid policy, training in architecture and the resulting quality and economy of the housing scheme are drawn, but the main interest is put on self-help construction as a housing policy strategy. The author stresses the positive results of the Rohian experiment for the beneficaries on a short-term basis, but she is doubtful about self-help as an adequate strategy and of a general validity for solutions to a larger scale.Contents: Part 1. Background -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Plain of Rohia - El Haria in the Tunisian Context -- 3. Housing in Tunisia -- Part 2. The Project -- 4. The Self-Help Housing Project in Rohia-El Haria -- 5. Implementation of the Project -- Part 3. The Outcomes of the Project -- 6. Effects of the Project</p
Integrated rural development : the Ethiopian experience and the debate
No full textThis is a comprehensive study based on one of the most significant and well-known integrated rural development projects, the Swedish funded Chilalo Agricultural Development Unit in Ethiopia's Arssi Region. It clarifies the concept of integrated rural development and identifies the key issues in the debate. It provides a detailed case study of design, implementation, and evaluation problems facing integrated rural development projects.Contents: 1. Integrated rural development and the Ethiopian case -- 2. Integrated rural development -- 3. Rural development in Ethiopia and Chilalo -- 4. Strategy, organization and activities of CADU: 1967-73 -- 5. CADU´s economic and social impact prior to 1974 -- 6. Revolution and development: ARDU 1974-84 -- 7. CADU-ARDU and the debate </p
Industry goes farming : the Nigerian raw material crisis and the case of textiles and cotton
No full textThis is a study of the textile industry, how it was hit by crisis, and its involvement in the production and marketing of cotton, its main raw material. When "Industry Goes Farming" it signals a new phase in third world industrialisation, with far-reaching consequences for agriculture. Can peasants solve the problems of industry or must agriculture itself be industrialised? The study examines both the industrial end of the raw material crisis and industry's strategies for subordinating or replacing the peasantry
Mozambique : a dream undone
No full textThis study is a penetrating insight into the historical process of formation of a new state; the steps taken to create the basis for a democratic development, and the forces working for economic modernisation through centralisation and advanced technology. The study centers on conflicts between these two approaches in a poor and illiterate society. It connects the pre-independence processes with the politically dynamic period up to the the Party Congress of 1983 and the Nkomati Agreement with South Africa. It links the macro-perspective of Maputo to the efforts and frustrations of the simple peasants in the north.Contents: 1. Introduction – The study of a contradiction -- 2. The armed struggle: where socialist ideology was born -- 3. Popular power. Democracy and socialist tradition -- 4. No easy transition from extreme colonisation -- 5. The adoption of a socialist perspective -- 6. Economy and state during transition -- 7. Organising the people -- 8. Mueda in the 1980s – popular power and the peasant -- 9. Popular power in Cuba – contrasts and similarities -- 10. Socialism in a poor country </p
Zambia's policies towards foreign investment : the case of the mining and non-mining sectors
No full textThis study argues that the changes in Zambia's policy towards foreign investors over the years from 1964 to 1985 have been conditioned by objective factors, both internal and external to the Republic and that the influence of ideology appears to be fairly minimal. The economy has remained basically 'mixed' in content despite several institutional and structural re-organizations and foreign investment has, thus, continued to play its pivotal role in the country's economic life
The IMF and the World Bank in Africa : conditionality, impact and alternatives
No full textMost Sub-Saharan African countries have, during the 1980s, implemented a program of structural adjustment in conjunction with the IMF and the World Bank. These international institutions have thus had a decisive role in the formulation of economic policies in these countries. In early 1987, a conference on the "IMF and the World Bank in Africa" was arranged by the Scandinavian Institute of African Studies in Uppsala. In the conference the character of the conditionality requirements attached to these programs were investigated by a group of international experts and their impacts were analysed on a macro-level and through specific studies of Nigeria, the Sudan, Tanzania, Zambia, Mozambique, South Africa, the Ivory Coast and India for comparative purposes. The conference also aimed at suggesting alternative and improved conditionality in the African context
Refugees and development in Africa
No full textThis book discusses why refugees flee, how and whether they become integrated, the relations between development assistance and refugee assistance, and the legal status of the refugees. The concept of 'people's rights' is discussed, and the rights to development with special reference to the refugees.Contents: Preface. -- Introduction. -- Peoples - Rights - Refugees. -- The Concept of 'Peoples' in the African (Banjul) Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights / Peter Nobel -- Historical, Political and Social Causes of Mass Flight from Ethiopia / Mekuria Bulcha --Rural Eritrean Refugees in the Sudan : A Study of the Dynamics of Flight / Gaim Kibreab -- Seminar Discussion -- A Right to Development. Notes on the Right to Development / Peter Nobel -- On Development/ the Dag Hammarskjöld Foundation -- Background and Growth of the Right to Development - the Role of Law and Lawyers in Development / Adama Dieng - Seminar discussion -- A Case Study of Refugee Problems in the Sudan. -- Rural Refugee Land Settlements in Eastern Sudan : On the Road to Self-Sufficiency? / Gaim Kibreab --Sociological and Economic Factors in Refugee Integration : The Case of Ethiopian Exiles in the Sudan / Mekuria Bulcha -- Seminar discussion -- Economy - Law - Sociology: Views in Common / Mekuria Bulcha, Gaim Kibreab, Peter Nobel -- Appendices 1. The text of the African Banjul Charter of Human and Peoples' Rights and a table of ratifications as of 1 November 1986 [...]</p
The nationalist movements in the Maghrib : a comparative approach
No full textA study of the nationalist movements in the Maghrib - Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco - which is considered essential for the understanding of the contemporary political situations in this area. Includes a definition of the terms "Maghrib" and "nationalism" which are the basic terms relating to the area and the subject matter of the study. A brief historical background of the Maghrib until the establishment of French colonization is also included
Agrarian change in the central rainlands : Sudan
No full textContents: Introduction / M.A. Mohamed Salih -- Tapping the Agrarian Sector for Economic Growth: The Sudan Experience / Ibrahim A. Elbadawi -- Economic Strategy and Household Viability in a Dry Savannah Agricultural Society: Berti of Darfur / Ladislav Holy -- Agricultural Intensification and Resource Maintenance: Some Cases from Western Sudan / Leif O. Manger -- Poverty Versus Affluence: The Fiasco of Rainfed Mechanized Agriculture in Renk District, Southern Sudan / Paul Wani Gore -- The Tractor and the Plough: The Sociological Dimension / M.A. Mohamed Salih -- National Ambivalence and External Hegemony: The Negligence of Pastoral Nomads in the Sudan / Abdel Ghaffar M Ahmed -- Implications of 1983-1985 Famine on the Rural Sahel of the Sudan / Abdullahi Osman El Tom -- From Rural to Urban Labour Markets: The Derivation of the Shadow Wage and the Social Rate of Discount for the Sudan / Eltingani S. Moharned</p