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Did colonialism capture the peasantry? : a case study of the Karega district, Tanzania
No full textThis research report argues that during the colonial period the socially acceptable standard living of the smallholder was fundamentally altered. The operation of the smallhold farm unit changed primarily in six areas. These are: 1) food security and consumer goods; 2) changed relations of production on the smallholder plot; 3) customary law and land tenure; 4) wage labour; 5) social differentiation; 6) the long term price elasticity of coffee production. Smallholders were not completely "captured" and proletarianized but neither did they correspond to Hyden's version of an "uncaptured peasantry". This is primarily because they now required certain goods and services from outside the peasant mode of production as a necessary link in their social reproduction
Inventory of Nordic social science research concerning Southern Africa
No full textContents: Researchers -- Academic Discipline -- Field of Research -- African Country</p
Western middle powers and global poverty : the determinants of the aid policies of Canada, Denmark, the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden
No full textThis study attempts to answer why the policies of the five countries covered are marked by a greater degree of "humane internationalism" than those of other Western countries. It discusses what it is that causes the variations between the policies of these five countries. By humane internationalism the authors understand an acknowledgement that rich countries have an obligation to alleviate poverty in the Third World and that fair North-South relations are in the best long-term interest of the North.Contents: The Determinants of aid Policies: General Introduction / Olav Stokke -- Determinants of Canadian Aid Policy / Real P. Lavergne -- Danish Aid: Old Bottles / Knud Erik Svendsen -- Dutch Aid Determinants, 1973-85: Continuity and Change / Charles Cooper and Joan Verloren van Thernaat -- The Determinants of Norwegian Aid Policy / Olav Stokke -- The Determinants of Swedish Aid Policy / Bo Karre and Bengt Svensson -- The Determinants of Aid Policies: Some Propositions Emerging from a Comparative Analysis / Olav Stokke</p
Farm implements for small-scale farmers in Tanzania
No full textThis insightful book deals with major issues related to hand- and ox-drawn farm implements for different farming systems and ecological areas in Tanzania. The study is concerned about ways and means to assist and improve critical activities of peasant farming in Tanzania.Contents: 1. Types of farm implements used in Tanzania -- 2. Introduction and development of new farm implements -- 3. Demand estimates -- 4. Local production and repair facilities for farm implements and ox-carts -- 5. Industrial production of farm implements -- 6. Distribution of farm implements in Tanzania </p
Criticism and ideology
No full textThis book contains contributions from African writers who discuss current issues in African literature, such as the role of the writer in society, the writers commitment to society or to the craft, a new woman's voice in literature, and recent South African literature, superseding the protest tradition.CONTENTS: Introduction / Kirsten Holst Petersen -- The Writer in Modern Africa / Per Wästberg -- Ethics, Ideology and the Critic / Wole Soyinka -- From the dicussion -- The Languages of Our Dreams or the Dreams of Our Languages / Kole Omotoso -- The Price of Idependence: The Writers' Agony / Eldred D. Jones -- From the dicussion -- The Growth of a Literary Tradition / Chris Wanyala -- From the dicussion -- Reverend Doctor John S. Mbiti is a Thief of Gods / Taban Io Liyong -- Writing Against Neo-colonialism / Ngugi wa Thiong'o -- Censoring the African Poem: Personal Reflections / Jack Mapanje -- The Socio-Pshychological Development of Africa / David G. Maillu -- The Role of the African Writer in National Liberation and Social Reconstructions / Emmanuel Ngara -- African Motherhood: Myth and Reality / Lauretta Ngcobo - From the discussion -- To Be an African Woman Writer: an Overview and a Detail / Ama Ata Aidoo -- Feminism with a small 'f! / Buchi Emecheta -- From the discussion -- To What Extent is the South African Writer's Problem Still Bleak and Immense? / Sipho Sepamla -- Power to the People: A Glory to Creativity / Wally Serote -- The Dominant Tone of Black South African Writing / Miriam Tlali -- From the discussion -- Beyong 'Protest': New Directions in South African Literature / Njabulo Ndebele -- From the discussion -- About the Contributors.</p
Watering white elephants? : lessons from donor funded planning and implementation of rural water supplies in Tanzania
No full textThe book presents five case studies on various donor approaches to the preparation of long-term regional water supply plans in Tanzania and their subsequent implementation (Denmark, Finland, Holland, Sweden and the World Bank). The donor approaches tend to be welfare and control oriented, although to varying degrees. They have been characterized by extensive data collection; detailed pre-implementation planning; none or limited participation of beneficiaries; emphasis on fast implementation of new schemes; and donor bypassing Tanzanian organizations. This has significantly contributed to the non-use of donor-prepared long-term plans, and the non-substainability of donor-financed water schemes.Contents: Preface -- 1. Summary -- Part One: Context -- 2. The Rural Water Sector: Context and Problems -- 3. Planning and Implementation Approaches -- Part Two: Case Studies -- 4. The Turnkey Approach: The Finns in Mtwara Lindi Regions -- 5. The Turnkey Approach with Salesman´s Touch: The Dutch in Morogoro Region -- 6. The Pre-Preplanning “Approach”-- 7. The Project Cycle Approach -- 8. The Village-by-Village “Approach” -- Part Three: Interpretations -- 9. Achievements and Failures of Control-Oriented -- 9.1 Classification of Case Studies -- 9.2 Achievements and Failures -- 9.3 Persistence of Control Orientation -- 10. Limits of Control-Oriented Planning and Implementation -- Part Four: Alternatives -- 11. Rural Water Supply Development Through Experiments and Learning -- 12. The Adaptive Approach to Planning and Implementation of rural Water Supply Development in Tanzania </p
Zimbabwe : industrial and commercial energy use
No full textThe papers published in this book represent the collective and individual thoughts of the working group on commercial and industrial energy use of the Zimbabwe Energy Accouting Project (ZEAP) and the Ministry of Water and Energy Resources and Development of the Government of Zimbabwe. The first paper is a concept paper and it represents an attempt to sketch out the remainder of the ZEAP in the areas of commercial, industrial, and urban energy use. The next three papers present findings of surveys of energy use patterns in the formal industrial, the transport, and the informal industrial sectors of the economy. The final two papers represent formal models which were developed for the analysis undertaken as part of the ZEAP.CONTENTS: 1. Energy Consumption in Zimbabwe's Manufacturing, Mining, Transport, and Commerce: Concepts, Issues and Problem Statement. -- 2. Industrial Energy Consumption, Conservation Strategies and Policy Options in Zimbabwe. -- 3. Zimbabwe: Energy Imperatives in the Transportation Sector. -- 4. Zimbabwe's Informal Sector: Its Nature and Energy Use Patterns. -- 5. Economic Modeling For LEAP: Background and Methodology. -- 6. A Multisectoral Dynamic Optimization Model for Energy/Petrochemical Decision Making in Zimbabwe and the SADCC</p
Flight and integration : causes of mass exodus from Ethiopia and problems of integration in the Sudan
No full textToday, about half of the refugees in the world are Africans. More than half of Africa's refugees originate from Ethiopia and live in the Sudan and Somalia. as a source of refugees, Ethiopia is surpassed only by Afghanistan. This book is about this mass exodus from Ethiopia. The author maintains that in the absence of a clear understanding of its root causes it is impossible to find lasting solutions to this problem of mass displacement. Therefore, he employs an historical approach and commences the study with an investigation of the links between the past history of the peoples of the Horn of Africa and the conflict which currently plague the region.Contents: PART I: The general background -- 1. General Introduction -- 2. The Mass Exodus from Ethiopia: Historical Background -- 3. The Ethiopian Revolution of 1974 – Part II: The flight -- 4. The Conceptual and Methodological Framework Introduction -- 5. Immediate Subjective and Objective Causes of Mass Flight from Ethiopia -- 6. Flight Dynamics and Intervening Obstacles -- PART III: The dimensions of integration -- 7. The Economic Dimension of Integration -- 8. The Social Dimension of Integration -- 9. Cultural and Psychological Aspects of Adjustment and Integration -- PART IV -- 10. Summary and Policy Implications </p
Libya: Socialist People's Libyan Arab Great Jamahiriya : basic facts : brief historical background : survey of current events : outlook for the future
No full textCooperatives revisited
No full textEgypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan, Tanzania, Botswana, Zambia, Zimbabwe provide examples in this book of the problems and progress of the cooperative movement in Africa. The studies presented here were the major contributions to a seminar for African and European scholars specializing in examining the development of cooperatives. Certain themes reoccur: the relationships between the cooperatives and the state, the influence of the national economy on the local cooperatives, the pros and cons of the producer cooperatives. The tone is now very much against direct state control. Other themes are new: the role of women in cooperatives, a cautious view of external assistance to central bodies, and the need for self-help groups