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Migration in sub-Saharan Africa
No full textAfricans arriving by rickety fishing boats to the Canary Islands, risking the passage across the Straits of Gibraltar or washed upon the Italian island of Lampedusa are familiar examples of therecent growth in migration from Africa to Europe. There is a darkside of migration in human trafficking, but the picture of a continenton the move also includes highly skilled professionals fromNigeria and Ghana who seek employment in universities and otherprofessions in South Africa. On the positive side migrant remittancesare a major source of income in many sub-Saharan Africancountries, helping to sustain the lives of poor home communities.A major challenge now facing sub-Saharan Africa is how to attractskilled emigrants back for national development.CONTENTS --Why focus on migration? -- The sub-Saharan African migration scene -- Emigration of professionals: causes and consequences -- The characteristics and roles of remittances in sub-Saharan Africa -- The role of the diaspora in country-of-origin development -- Human trafficking -- Legislative framework governing migration in sub-Saharan Africa -- Principal actors in migration issues in sub-Saharan Africa -- Migration and development: challenges and prospects</p
Promoting adolescent sexual and reproductive health in East and Southern Africa
No full textIn Africa, as in many parts of the world, adolescent reproductive health is a controversial issue for policy makers and programme planners. Adolescents are particularly vulnerable to HIV and AIDS and to a host of other problems such as sexually transmitted infection, unwanted pregnancy, unsafe abortions, sexual abuse, female genital mutilation and unsafe circumcision. Yet many countries don't have adolescent health policies and much remains to be done to ensure that adolescents can access appropriate sexual and reproductive health services. Articulating new perspectives and strategies to promote adolescent sexual and reproductive health, the authors of this volume, comprise a network of researchers working in east and southern Africa. They make a unique attempt to bring together the social and biomedical sciences and to disseminate concrete empirical evidence from existing programmes, carefully analysing what works and what doesn't at the local level. The chapters are built on the premise that sexual and reproductive health behaviour is multifaceted and that interventions must operate on several levels - individual, organisational and governmental - and must reach young people in schools, communities, workplaces, and health-care institutions. Cognisant of recent research and the ethical difficulties facing researchers, the authors provide practical guidance for practitioners and policymakers wishing to promote adolescent sexual and reproductive health at the policy and institutional levels and in local communities.Contents: Part I. Policy and Theory Informing Practice -- 1. Public Policy: A Tool to Promote Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health / Yogan Pillay & Alan J. Flisher -- 2. Social Cognition Models and Social Cognitive Theory: Predicting Sexual and Reproductive Behaviour among Adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa / Leif E. Aarø, Herman Schaalma & Anne Nordrehaug Åstrøm -- 3. Health Education and the Promotion of Reproductive Health: Theory and Evidence-Based Development and Diffusion of Intervention Programmes / Herman Schaalma & Sylvia F. Kaaya -- 4. Ethical Dilemmas in Adolescent Reproductive Health Promotion / Gro Th. Lie -- Part II. Contextual aspects of adolescent Sexual and reproductive Health -- 5. From Initiation Rituals to AIDS Education: Entering Adulthood at the Turn of the Millenium / Graziella Van den Bergh -- 6. Illegal Abortion among Adolescents in Dar es Salaam / Vibeke Rasch & Margrethe Silberschmidt -- 7. Adolescent Sexuality and the AIDS Epidemic in Tanzania: what Has Gone wrong? / Melkizedeck T. Leshabari, Sylvia F. Kaaya & Anna Tengia-Kessy -- 8. To Risk or not To Risk? Is It a Question? Sexual Debut, Poverty and Vulnerability in Times of HIV: A Case from Kigoma Region, Tanzania / Graziella Van den Bergh -- Part III. Addressing the Needs of adolescents: arenas for action -- 9. Peer Education for Adolescent Reproductive Health: An Effective Method for Program Delivery, a Powerful Empowerment Strategy, or Neither? / Sheri Bastien, Alan J. Flisher, Catherine Mathews & Knut-Inge Klepp -- 10. Adolescent-Friendly Health Services in Uganda / John Arube-Wani, Jessica Jitta & Lillian Mpabulungi Ssengooba -- 11. Quality of Care: Assessing Nurses’ and Midwives’ Attitudes towards Adolescents with Sexual and Reproductive Health Problems / Elisabeth Faxelid, Joyce Musandu, Irene Mushinge, Eva Nissen & Mathilde Zvinavashe -- Part IV. Evaluation and review of Interventions in Sub-Saharan Africa -- 12. Evaluating Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Interventions in Southern and Eastern Africa / Alan J. Flisher, Wanjiru Mukoma & Johann Louw -- 13. A Systematic Review of School-Based HIV/AIDS Prevention Programmes in South Africa / Wanjiru Mukoma & Alan J. Flisher</p
News from the Nordic Africa Institute : No. 2, May 2007
No full textTheme: Coping strategies.Contents: To Our Readers: May 2007 / Carin Norberg -- Commentaries: Mobile patients, local healers: Transnational dimensions of healing in Somaliland / Marja Tiilikainen -- Collective organising among informal vendors in African cities: The case of Kampala / Ilda Lourenço-Lindell & Jenny Appelblad -- Angolan urban entrepreneurs: Old and new challenges / Christina Udelsmann Rodrigues -- When votes do not count: The 2007 general elections in Nigeria / Said Adejumobi -- Interview: Gerard Niyungeko -- Sylvia Nannyonga-Tamusuza -- Research: Global trade and regional integration: African economies, producers, and living conditions / Yenkong Ngangjoh Hodu -- Women’s health activism, empowerment and medicalization / Elina Oinas -- Liberation and democracy in Southern Africa / Henning Melber -- Obituary: A brief tribute to Archie Mafeje / Fred Hendricks -- News from nai: Nordic workshop on strategies for Africa -- World Social Forum in Africa 2007 -- Master students from Göteborg University on field trip to Tanzania -- Review: Klaus Winkel: Hvorfor er det så svært for Afrika? -- Publishing: Recent publications -- Book exhibits</p
Independent? : Tanzania's challenges since Uhuru
No full textThis book describes the history and challenges facing Tanzania through the voices and memories of Tanzanians and through their visions and ideas about the challenges Tanzania faces today. It is a story of set backs and disappointments, but also of pride. Among those interviewed are leading politicians, activists and researchers, but also ordinary everyday Tanzanians - farmers, workers, grandfathers and grandmothers, active and retired civil servants - are interviewed. The statements are used thematically in chapters forcusing on the various challenges that have faced Tanzania: from insufficient focus on agriculture to the menace of corruption; from socialism to capitalism and from the role of the family to the importance of religion. There is a strong focus on the limitation of independence. Tanzania is independent, but there is no true independence in a globalized world.CONTENTS -- A new state full of hope -- An agricultural island whose only export is people -- Here the new economy is booming -- "If only people could die in a sustainable way" -- Dreams and fear -- "We followed Nyerere without question" -- A socialist country without socialists -- "We prefer not to talk about agriculture" -- The failure of the school policy -- Maybe the extended family is disappearing -- Corruption has become a quality of leadership -- Harmony continues, but conflicts are becoming sharper -- "We're still in harness!" -- Socialists of the new times -- The irrefutable and impossible challeng
Political opposition in African countries : the cases of Kenya, Namibia, Zambia and Zimbabwe
No full textThis Discussion Paper is another result of the project “Liberation and Democracy in Southern Africa” (LiDeSA), which was coordinated at the Institute between 2001 and 2006. The papers are revised versions of presentations to a Session of the Research Committee “Comparative Sociology” at the XVI World Congress of Sociology held at the end of July 2006 in Durban. They explore the role of opposition parties under different aspects in several East and Southern African countries, which differ according to the socio-political determinants.CONTENTS. -- The Logic of Ethnic Politics – Elite Perceptions about the Role of Ethnicity in Kenyan and Zambian Party Politics/Karolina Hulterström -- Of Jinxes and Blessings – The Opposition in Zimbabwe’s Urban Local Governance/Amin Y. Kamete -- "SWAPO Is the Nation, and the Nation Is SWAPO” – Government and Opposition in a Dominant Party State. The Case of Namibia/Henning Melbe
News from the Nordic Africa Institute : No. 3, November 2007
No full textTheme: African agriculture.Contents: To Our Readers: November 2007 / Carin Norberg -- African agriculture: African agriculture and the World Bank: development or impoverishment? / Atakilte Beyene -- Property rights formalisation in Africa / Tor A. Benjaminsen & Espen Sjaastad -- The relationship between inequality and climate change / Kjell Havnevik -- Commentaries: Decoding the evolving China–Africa relations / Fantu Cheru -- Interview: Martha Qorro on the language of instruction issue in Tanzania / Lennart Wohlgemuth -- Jerome Verdier on the Liberian TRC / Proscovia Svärd -- Research: “The EU market is open to you – but we are not going to let you in!” / Yenkong Ngangjoh Hodu -- Interview with Patrick Chabal / Susanne Linderos -- Evaluation of academic output – the experiences among AEGIS members / Anna Eriksson Trenter -- Report from the AEGIS ECAS conference in Leiden / Signe Arnfred -- Conferences: The Nordic Africa Days -- Publishing: Recent publications</p
Transitions in Namibia : which changes for whom?
No full textThis volume completes the research project on "Liberation and Democracy in Southern Africa" (LiDeSA). It mainly addresses socioeconomic and gender-related issues in contemporary Namibia. Most of the contributors are either Namibian, based in Namibia or have undertaken extensive research in the country. Their interest as scholars and/or civil society activists is guided by a loyalty characterised not by rhetoric but by empathy with the people. They advocate notions of human rights, social equality and related values and norms instead of being driven by an ideologically determined party-political affiliation. Their investigative and analytical endeavours depict a society in transition, a society that is far from being liberated. Not surprisingly, this compilation explores the limits to liberation more than its advances.CONTENTS -- Transitions in Namibia – Namibia in Transition. An introductory overview/Henning Melber -- History and the Armed Struggle: From anti-colonial propaganda to 'patriotic history'?/Christopher Saunders -- Commercial Land Reforms in Postcolonial Namibia: What happened to liberation struggle rhetoric?/Phanuel Kaapama -- Between Politics and the Shop Floor: Which way for Namibia's labour movement?/Herbert Jauch -- Liberated Economy? The case of Ramatex Textiles Namibia/Volker Winterfeldt -- Old ties or new shackles? China in Namibia/Gregor Dobler -- Poverty, Politics, Power and Privilege: Namibia’s black economic elite formation/ Henning Melber -- Out of Order? The margins of Namibian ex-combatant ‘reintegration’/Lalli Metsola -- Imagining Post-Apartheid Society and Culture: Playfulness, officialdom and civility in a youth elite club in northern Namibia/Mattia Fumanti -- Regional Development and Decentralisation/Graham Hopwood -- Caprivi Under Old and New Indirect Rule: Falling off the map or a 19th century dream come true?Wolfgang Zeller / Bennett Kangumu Kangumu -- Ideas About Equality in Namibian Family Law/Dianne Hubbard -- HIV/AIDS in Namibia: Gender, class and feminist theory revisited/Lucy Edwards -- Decolonising Sexuality/Suzanne LaFon
Presidential elections in Sierra Leone
No full textOn August 11 Sierra Leone will vote democratically for the second timesince the end of the decade long civil war that raged between 1991 and 2002. Many international observers believe that this election is an important testfor democracy in Sierra Leone. Many Sierra Leoneans call democracy Demare-Crazy and politics politrix
Governance and state delivery in Southern Africa : examples from Botswana, Namibia and Zimbabwe
No full textThis Discussion Paper highlights in complementary ways problems and challenges for governance issues under centralised state agencies, which base their authority and legitimacy on a dominant party and its influence. The case study on Namibia argues for a need for parliamentary and administrative reform to improve the efficiency of lawmakers. The Botswana chapter explores the decision on the location of the country’s second university as an act without consultation of the local population. The Zimbabwe paper advocates an approach in favour of using the African Peer Review Mechanism as an instrument to assist in a change towards better governance. All the authors have intimate knowledge of the matters discussed through their own involvement with the respective cases and/or their individual positioning within these societies. This publication is among the final results of the project “Liberation and Democracy in Southern Africa” (LiDeSA), which was undertaken at the Institute between 2001 and 2006.CONTENTS -- Botswana, Namibia, Zimbabwe – Anything in Common? Introductory Remarks. Henning Melber -- Time for Renewal? The Namibian State and Its Governance. Gerhard Tötemeyer -- 'A Home Town Decision?' The Location of Botswana's Second University. Christian John Makgala -- Bob Is Peerless: Zimbabwe and the Quest for an African Peer Review Mechanism. Sabelo. J. Ndlovu-Gatshen
News from the Nordic Africa Institute : No. 1, January 2007
No full textContents: To Our Readers: January 2007 / Carin Norberg -- Democracy needs parties, not only democrats. And more women! / Bo Göransson -- Zambia’s 2006 elections: The ethnicization of politics? / Jeremy Gould -- Prospects for credible elections in Nigeria / Jibrin Ibrahim -- Social movements and the democratisation of South African foreign policy / Heidi Hudson -- Interviews Kwame Boafo Arthur: 2006 Claude Ake Visiting Professor -- Cherryl Walker on land reform and women’s rights in South Africa -- Research: Rural women co-managing protected areas / Lisbet Larsson Lidén -- Currencies of transformation in Africa: Changing resource regimes in times of uncertainty / Amanda Hammar -- Surviving under poverty: Women in Addis Ababa / Emebet Mulugeta -- Conference reports: Civil society and African regional integration / Paul Opoku-Mensah -- Addressing the new scramble for Africa / Anne Hege Simonsen -- Obituary: Joseph Ki-Zerbo 1922–2006 / Adebayo Olukoshi -- Publishing: Recent publications</p