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Young Children\u27s 21st Century Mathematical Skills and the Role of the Early Childhood Environment in Developing these Skills
Get PDFThis research examined the preparation of young children in an Early Years school environment in the development of 21st Century mathematical skills including critical thinking, problem-solving, innovation, collaboration, creativity, and communication. The research used a field-based case study using qualitative data collection methods, and the data were reviewed using thematic analysis. The research explores the pedagogical strategies employed by an Early Years teacher and the interplay of various stakeholders in nurturing 21st Century mathematics competencies among young learners. Key findings of the research indicated that there were eight elements that Early Years teachers should apply in their mathematics lessons as well as embedding 21st Century skills across all curriculum areas. It was also found that strong partnerships between school and home as well as collaboration between teachers and the leadership team contribute to the cultivation of essential mathematical skills necessary for the challenges of the 21st Century
They start on the zero-alcohol and they wanna try the real thing : Parents\u27 views on zero-alcohol beverages and their use by adolescents
No full textObjective: Zero-alcohol beverages containing 0.0-0.5% alcohol by volume may offer public health benefits if individuals use them to substitute for alcohol-containing products, thereby reducing alcohol use. There are, however, concerns that zero-alcohol beverages may encourage adolescents\u27 earlier interest in alcohol and increase exposure to alcohol company branding. As this poses a challenge for parents, we studied parents\u27 views on zero-alcohol beverages and their provision to adolescents.
Methods: We interviewed n=38 parents of 12-17-year-olds and used reflexive thematic analysis to interpret interview data.
Results: Parents considered zero-alcohol beverages to be \u27adult beverages\u27 that potentially supported reduced adult drinking but were unnecessary for adolescents. Parents were concerned that adolescent zero-alcohol beverage use could normalise alcohol consumption and be a precursor to alcohol initiation. There was a potential conflict between moderate provision in \u27appropriate\u27 contexts, and potential benefits, which were each supported by some parents. Uncertainty on health qualities was also reported.
Conclusions: Parents reported conflicting and cautious views on zero-alcohol beverage provision to adolescents.
Implications for public health: As evidence on the impacts of zero-alcohol beverage availability develops, parent-targeted messages highlighting the potential risk of normalisation of alcohol use for young people could be developed, in conjunction with broader policy responses
National Reconciliation Week
No full textThe National Reconciliation Week theme for 2024, Now More Than Ever, is a reminder to all of us that no matter what, the fight for justice and the rights of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people will —and must —continue.
There have been many moments in Australia’s reconciliation journey that make us want to turn away. But when things are divisive, the worst thing we can do is disengage or disconnect.
Now more than ever, we need to tackle the unfinished business of reconciliation. We know that the 6.2 million Australians who voted YES are committed to better outcomes for First Nations people, and are with us.
Reconciliation supporters must stand up to defend and uphold the rights of First Nations peoples. To call out racism wherever we encounter it, and to actively reinforce the voices of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples across this continent.
Now more than ever, the work continues. In treaty making, in truth-telling, in understanding our history, in education, and in tackling racism. We need connection. We need respect. We need action. And we need change.
Now more than ever, we need reconciliation
IMPAACT: IMproving the PArticipAtion of older people in policy decision-making on common health CondiTions - a study protocol
No full textIntroduction: Rapid population ageing is a demographic trend being experienced and documented worldwide. While increased health screening and assessment may help mitigate the burden of illness in older people, issues such as misdiagnosis may affect access to interventions. This study aims to elicit the values and preferences of evidenceinformed older people living in the community on early screening for common health conditions (cardiovascular disease, diabetes, dementia and frailty). The study will proceed in three Phases: (1) generating recommendations of older people through a series of Citizens’ Juries; (2) obtaining feedback from a diverse range of stakeholder groups on the jury findings; and (3) co-designing a set of Knowledge Translation resources to facilitate implementation into research, policy and practice. Conditions were chosen to reflect common health conditions characterised by increasing prevalence with age, but which have been underexamined through a Citizens’ Jury methodology.
Methods and analysis: This study will be conducted in three Phases—(1) Citizens’ Juries, (2) Policy Roundtables and (3) Production of Knowledge Translation resources. First, older people aged 50+ (n=80), including those from traditionally hard-to-reach and diverse groups, will be purposively recruited to four Citizen Juries. Second, representatives from a range of key stakeholder groups, including consumers and carers, health and aged care policymakers, general practitioners, practice nurses, geriatricians, allied health practitioners, pharmaceutical companies, private health insurers and community and aged care providers (n=40) will be purposively recruited for two Policy Roundtables. Finally, two researchers and six purposively recruited consumers will co-design Knowledge Translation resources. Thematic analysis will be performed on documentation and transcripts.
Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval has been obtained through the Torrens University Human Research Ethics Committee. Participants will give written informed consent. Findings will be disseminated through development of a policy brief and lay summary, peerreviewed publications, conference presentations and seminars
When the real stuff happens : A qualitative descriptive study of the psychosocial outcomes of outdoor adventure education for adolescents
No full textAdolescence is a pivotal time for social and emotional wellbeing development, and the literature calls for psychosocial support approaches in this population. Outdoor adventure education (OAE), programs that contain activities perceived as risky by participants but undertaken in an environment of risk management and social support, provide a holistic approach to protecting and enhancing adolescent mental health. A qualitative descriptive methodology using purposive sampling was employed to recruit adolescents and teachers from Western Australia involved in OAE. Template thematic analysis was used to analyse the semi-structured interview data of five focus groups with adolescents and four key informant interviews with OAE teachers. Our findings suggest that developing and maintaining connections with others during OAE programming are powerful protective factors for psychosocial outcomes in adolescent participants. The tangible responsibilities and inherent challenges of OAE programming created opportunities for multifaceted successes, which also featured as an important finding in our study. We conclude that deliberate, critical OAE programming decisions with opportunities for connections, tangible responsibilities and challenges, and the nurturing of individual empowerment in participants, may positively impact psychosocial outcomes. Further research is needed to understand the psychosocial impacts of OAE on adolescent participants as it relates to individual empowerment
The home as a space of re-education: Imperialism, military occupation, and housekeeping manuals
No full textWhile much is known about the imperial home and its place in the colonial hierarchy and ‘civilizing project’, less is understood about the occupation household and its relationship to ‘re-education’. In the occupier home, the occupier wife managed domestic workers made up from the occupied, a role that performed the power and prestige of the occupier nation. But the occupier woman was also tasked with tutoring her staff in the preferred ways of housekeeping and family life, a form of re-education in the home. One way to understand this responsibility and compare it to colonial contexts is through the housekeeping manual. With a focus on occupied Japan (1945–1952), this article compares and contrasts two manuals, F.A. Steel and G. Gardiner’s The Complete Indian Housekeeper and Cook from British India (first published 1888) and The American Way of Housekeeping (1948) by the American women of the occupation, to demonstrate a textual and ideological genealogy between these and similar kinds of contemporary texts. In doing so, the article not only brings greater attention to the occupier wife, but reveals fundamental connections between the role of domestic re-education in imperial and occupation homes and its underlying importance in the performance of everyday power
Challenging the Myth of Consensus: Irish Australian Voices in Perth during the Great War Conscription Referendums
Get PDFThe controversial conscription referendums of 1916 and 1917 in Australia saw a resurgence of religious sectarianism and a perceived entanglement with the aftermath of political violence in Ireland. Examining the voting outcomes in all the Australian states for the referendums may suggest that Western Australia stood against the nationwide trend of rejecting Prime Minister William Hughes’s proposals for compulsory military service. Analysis over the last thirty years has challenged this idea, which is that Western Australia showed a unique, widespread consensus during the Great War period. A greater understanding has developed with the increasing digital accessibility of wartime primary sources, notably newspapers. The primary objective of this thesis is to address a gap in the historiography of the Great War as it relates to Irish Australians in Western Australia, namely in examining prominent voices during the conscription referendums of 1916 and 1917, primarily through the lens of the Irish-centric Perth newspaper, The W.A. Record. It also studies three Irish Western Australian public figures, Archbishop Patrick Clune and the politicians Patrick Lynch and Hugh Mahon. The work further challenges ideas of so-called consensus in Western Australia and its experience of the Great War by providing evidence that Australia’s Irish diaspora was not united in this critical war period and towards Irish national aspirations
Exploring the path of mediterranean diet, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld) and inflammation towards 10-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk: The attica study 10-year follow-up (20022012)
No full textBackground: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of liver disease, affecting ~30% of the population and increasing CVD. This study aimed to explore the direct, indirect and combined effects of Mediterranean diet, NAFLD and inflammation on the 10-year CVD risk in a healthy adult population.
Methods: Using baseline and 10-year follow-up data from the ATTICA study, adherence to Mediterranean diet was measured using MedDietScore, and presence of NAFLD at baseline was assessed using the fatty liver index (FLI). Participants\u27 10-year CVD outcomes were recorded and C-reactive protein (CRP) was used as a surrogate marker for inflammation. The direct and indirect roles of these factors were explored using logistic regression models and the pathways between them were analysed using a structural equation model (SEM).
Results: NAFLD prevalence was 22.9% and its presence was 17% less likely for every unit increase in MedDietScore. NAFLD presence at baseline was associated with increased 10-year CVD incidence (39.4% vs. 14.5%, p = 0.002), but when adjusted for MedDietScore, NAFLD was not an independent predictor of 10-year CVD risk. MedDietScore was an independent protective factor of 10-year CVD risk (OR = 0.989, 95% CI: 0.847, 0.935), when adjusted for NAFLD at baseline, age, gender, sedentary lifestyle and other confounders. Further exploration using SEM showed that MedDietScore was associated with CVD risk directly even when inflammation as CRP was introduced as a potential mediator.
Conclusion: FLI as a proxy measure of NAFLD is a strong predictor of 10-year CVD risk, and this prognostic relationship seems to be moderated by the level of adherence to Mediterranean diet. Adherence to Mediterranean diet remained an independent and direct CVD risk factor irrespective of NAFLD status and CRP
Beyond feasibility : A qualitative study of patients, their Whanau (family) and staff perspectives and experiences of a non- pharmacological delirium-prevention intervention in two Aotearoa/New Zealand hospices
No full textContext: Delirium is prevalent in the hospice population. Despite causing significant distress to patients and families, delirium is under-recognised. There is a need to better understand delirium prevention and outcomes in this population including people\u27s experiences of delirium-prevention strategies in different cultural contexts.
Objectives: To determine whether the PRESERVE Aotearoa delirium prevention intervention was feasible and acceptable for Māori (indigenous peoples of Aotearoa/ New Zealand) and non-Māori patients with advanced cancer, their families (called whānau in this paper), and clinical staff.
Methods: A qualitative semistructured interview substudy of a cohort PRESERVE Aotearoa feasibility study codesigned with a Māori partner to ensure inclusion of Māori-centred values. The study was underpinned conceptually by He Awa Whiria (braided rivers)-combining Western and Māori knowledges. Data were analysed using Hopwood and Srivasta\u27s framework.
Results: Twenty-six patients and their whānau, 21 clinical staff and five researchers from two stand-alone hospices in the North Island, Aotearoa/New Zealand. Finding showed that, for the most part, participants considered the study interventions feasible and acceptable. Inductive analysis resulted in four themes highlighting the importance to whānau of their participation in the study: benefits of learning about delirium; the affirmation of the caregiver role and whānau-centred care; valuing fundamentals of care; and research as legacy.
Conclusion: This qualitative study found that it is feasible and acceptable to study multicomponent nonpharmacological delirium-prevention interventions in Aotearoa/New Zealand hospice inpatient units. The study also highlights the value of Māori-centred approaches and whānau involvement in these settings