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Yawardani Jan-ga – How horses are writing a new story with Aboriginal young people in the Kimberley.
Get PDFEquine Assisted Learning (EAL) is an experiential learning approach that simultaneously engages sensory, neuromotor and cognitive systems to promote wellbeing outcomes. EAL is very different to office-based social and emotional wellbeing interventions and is particularly suited to support the wellbeing of Aboriginal young people due to its flexibility and horses non-confrontational, non-verbal, methods for feedback, and importantly, the historical ties to horses through working and living on country. The Yawardani Jan-ga (Horses helping) EAL program responds to the urgent needs of Aboriginal young people across the Kimberley. This study aims to evaluate the impact of the EAL intervention on the social and emotional wellbeing of Aboriginal young people
Two-way science and conservation of threatened species and ecosystems in the Kimberley
Get PDFFirst nations people and land are integral to biodiversity conservation worldwide, with threatened species projects in Australia increasingly using a two-way collaborative approach between indigenous people and scientists. There is increasing interest in the nature of these relationships and how the scientific community can continue to better prioritise indigenous culture, people and knowledge whilst increasing conservation outcomes. This presentation will discuss the systems of threatened species conservation in Australia and how they are changing to better prioritise indigenous involvement. It will showcase some successful examples of long-term two-way science projects from the Kimberley that support Aboriginal Rangers and their communities to better document and conserve threatened ecosystems and species such as Endangered Night Parrots and Endangered Monsoon Vine Thickets of the Dampier Peninsula
Effect of a spiritual care training program to build knowledge, competence, confidence and self-awareness among Australian health and aged care staff: An exploratory study
No full textThe aim of this study was to evaluate a new spiritual care training program with health and aged care staf. A four-module program was delivered to 44 participants at a large Catholic health and aged care provider in Australia. Pre, post and 6 week follow-up surveys were administered and included measures of spiritual care competency, confdence, perspectives of spirituality and spiritual care, spiritual well-being, and satisfaction. Paired sample t-tests showed total scores of participants’ spiritual well-being, spiritual care competency and confdence signifcantly improved following the training and were largely maintained at follow-up. Perspectives on spirituality and spiritual care did not signifcantly change over time
Demonstrating the use of population level data to investigate trends in the rate, radiation dose and cost of Computed Tomography across clinical groups: Are there any areas of concern?
No full textIntroduction: Increases in computed tomography (CT) use may not always reflect clinical need or improve outcomes. This study aimed to demonstrate how population level data can be used to identify variations in care between patient groups, by analysing system-level changes in CT use around the diagnosis of new conditions.
Methods: Retrospective repeated cross-sectional observational study using West Australian linked administrative records, including 504,723 adults diagnosed with different conditions in 2006, 2012 and 2015. For 90 days pre/post diagnosis, CT use (any and 2+ scans), effective dose (mSv), lifetime attributable risk (LAR) of cancer incidence and mortality from CT, and costs were assessed.
Results: CT use increased from 209.4 per 1000 new diagnoses in 2006 to 258.0 in 2015; increases were observed for all conditions except neoplasms. Healthcare system costs increased for all conditions but neoplasms and mental disorders. Effective dose increased substantially for respiratory (+2.5 mSv, +23.1%, P \u3c 0.001) and circulatory conditions (+2.1 mSv, +15.4%, P \u3c 0.001). The LAR of cancer incidence and mortality from CT increased for endocrine (incidence +23.4%, mortality +18.0%) and respiratory disorders (+21.7%, +23.3%). Mortality LAR increased for circulatory (+12.1%) and nervous system (+11.0%) disorders. The LAR of cancer incidence and mortality reduced for musculoskeletal system disorders, despite an increase in repeated CT in this group.
Conclusions: Use and costs increased for most conditions except neoplasms and mental and behavioural disorders. More strategic CT use may have occurred in musculoskeletal conditions, while use and radiation burden increased for respiratory, circulatory and nervous system conditions. Using this high-level approach we flag areas requiring deeper investigation into appropriateness and value of care
Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between treatment for herpes virus infection and the dispensing of antidementia medicines: An analysis of the Australian pharmaceutical benefits scheme database
Get PDFBackground: Evidence from previous observational studies suggest that infection by herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella zoster virus (VZV) increase the risk of dementia.
Objective :To investigate if older adults exposed to HSV treatment have lower risk of dementia than the rest of the population.
Methods: We used the 10% Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) database from 2013 to 2022 to ascertain the cross-sectional, time-series and longitudinal association between exposure to HSV treatment and the dispensing of antidementia medicines. Participants were men and women aged 60 years or older. We used Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) codes to identify medicines dispensed for the treatment of HSV and dementia.
Results: During the year 2022 6,868 (1.2%) of 559,561 of participants aged 60 years or over were dispensed antidementia agent. The odds ratio (OR) of being dispensed an antidementia agent among individuals dispensed treatment for HSV was 0.73 (99% CI = 0.56–0.95). Multilevel logistic regression for the 2013–2022 period for those dispensed HSV treatment was 0.87 (99% CI = 0.75–1.00). Split-time span series from 2013 was associated with hazard ratio of 0.98 (99% CI = 0.89–1.07) for individuals dispensed relative to those not dispensed HSV treatment. All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, and the dispensing of medicines for the treatment of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and ischemic heart disease.
Conclusions: The dispensing of antiviral medicines for the treatment of HSV and VZV is consistently, but not conclusively, associated with decreased dispensing of antidementia medicines. This suggests that treatment of HSV and VZV infections may contribute to reduce the risk of dementia
Beginnings: NSW Teachers\u27 Views on the Early Stages of Implementing a New National Curriculum
Get PDFThis PhD study researched NSW teachers’ conceptions of curriculum change after the introduction of a new Australian national curriculum. One key rationale for the development of a national curriculum in Australia was to raise the standard of education by providing excellent curriculum to students in all Australian states and territories. However, educational standards improve through a combination of many factors, including quality teaching.
A curriculum’s success is dependent on the teachers who implement it. While the curriculum itself garnered considerable attention, how classroom teachers responded to it was likely to be a contributing factor to its overall success. Yet, there is a lack of research on the early stages of implementing a curriculum, particularly from the perspective of classroom teachers.
This phenomenographic study contributes to the body of knowledge on teacher professional development and change theory by exploring the valuable, in-depth perspectives of NSW teachers during a time of significant curriculum change. Group interviews were conducted with eighteen primary school teachers from schools in rural, suburban and urban settings across NSW. Through a theoretical framework that overlaps curriculum theory, change theory and teacher professional development as a subset of adult education, this study aimed to gain a deeper understanding of the experiences of teachers during times of large-scale school change.
This study found that the participants see their role in the classroom as being much broader than that of teaching the curriculum. They viewed their role as essential to their students’ wellbeing. However, this study also found that the early stage of implementing the NSW curriculum was a time of stress where teachers felt unheard and unsupported. There were missed opportunities to engage classroom teachers in the curriculum and to employ quality teacher professional development. The insights gained through this study are useful in considering how to approach school change and provide professional learning and support for teachers
Navigating the nuances of tacit knowledge revisited: comparative studies in management theory applied to indigenous knowledge in good health and well-being
No full textThis article reviews previous studies and provides a rationale for the inclusion of the concept of tacit knowledge in Indigenous Knowledge as an economic resource for stakeholders. It conducts a historical and revisited comparative analysis of tacit knowledge in the management theory of oral knowledge in Indigenous Knowledge within the realm of scientific investigation. The main argument is focused on the recognition of tacit knowledge accumulated and often lacking scientific validation in its continuous existence perpetuated by local communities, tribal and Indigenous Peoples on our planet. Tacit knowledge, often shared in goodwill and good faith among stakeholders, particularly non-Indigenous Peoples, implies a moral and legal obligation of benefit-sharing for all parties involved. The case studies presented in this article illustrate the role of tacit knowledge in Indigenous Knowledge and its past uses in traditional medicine utilised in patents, having deep implications for benefit-sharing on drug profits. In reviewing past findings in the native botany drug discovery market, this article illustrates the developments in the integration of traditional medicine into national systems of health, which often fail to express tacit knowledge value independently of the verification of Western science as a justification for its efficacy