ResearchOnline@ND (University of Notre Dame)
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First Law a gift to healing and transforming climate and just us!
No full textPurpose: These words of introduction locate me on my tribal ancestral lands, and centres me as belonging to the Martuwarra, Fitzroy River in the Kimberley region of Western Australia. My family and community’s inter-generational lived experiences of colonisation are grounded in the characteristics and learnings of “conflict, manipulation, dived and rule” as invasive unjust strategies of oppression and anti-dialogic action. These characteristics of oppression reflect invasive and unjust developments, colonialism continues to impact on our daily lives and threaten our cultural heritage, lifeways and livelihoods (Freire, 2005).
Design/methodology/approach: I understand the Net Zero: Heritage for Climate Action is a first of its kind, a capacity development project that aims to use Indigenous knowledge to develop integrated strategies for disaster risk reduction, climate action and peacebuilding (Jarillo and Crivelli, 2024). Importantly, one of the aims of the Net Zero Project is to enhance risk reduction and coping capacities of vulnerable heritage communities. In this way, my video story speaking directly to the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) highlights the interconnected issue of heritage safeguard, upholding cultural rights and sustainable development of our people who are vulnerable cultural bearers, importantly, how we are working to effect change locally, while strengthening efforts globally, as we see ourselves as planetary citizens with a duty of care to Mother Earth and humanity (Redvers et al., 2020).
Findings: The opportunity for freedom is being created through the growing coalitions of hope (Poelina, 2020). Organisations with a regenerative focus are connecting, networking, collectively thinking and transforming our world by being brave and challenging legal systems to recognise “rivers” as the lifeblood of our planet and our survival co-dependent on “a declaration of peace with Indigenous Australians with natures laws and first law” (RiverOfLife et al., 2024). Together we are decolonising our thinking; uniting and bringing together a pluriverse of ideas and actions to right size our planet and give humanity and Mother Earth a climate chance (RiverOfLife et al., 2024).
Research limitations/implications: The final question, I ask my country and the world to sustain my culture, my home, my lifeways and my livelihood “can we achieve peace, harmony and balance”? Can we shift from business as usual, to the new economies, through intentional communities, through bicultural and bioregional planning and development?If the answeris yes, then there is hope for humanity, and the young ones yet to be born. Let us adopt the values, ethics and virtues found in First Law as a gift to healing our lands, our people and climate.
Practical implications: It is clear from the voices of Yi-Martuwarra people, “If [our] River Dies, We Die” (Moore et al., 2023). When we stand united, we hold the dreaming time, from past, present and future, and we sing together a new “Martuwarra River Time” song. Through this moral and ethical partnership of hope the Net Zero Project Heritage for Climate Action ignites the opportunity to transform climate change, climate chaos and provide the climate chance through just us!
Social implications: Yi-Martuwarra people highlight the need for dialogue, unity, cooperation and multiple forms of evidence, to understand the cumulative impacts of development. It is clear from the voices of Yi-Martuwarra people, “If [our] River Dies, We Die” (Moore et al., 2023). When we stand united, we hold the dreaming time, from past, present, and future, and we sing together a new “Martuwarra River Time” song. Through this moral and ethical partnership of hope the Net Zero Project Heritage for Climate Action gnites the opportunity to transform climate change, climate chaos and provide the climate chance through just us!
Originality/value: As the impacts of climate change continue to intensify, it is imperative to centre Indigenous well-being in adaptation efforts by enabling bottom-up approaches via community-led solutions, promoting land rights, protecting traditional heritage and cultural practices and cultivating social connections. Given the increasing recognition of well-being as a fundamental marker of successful adaptation, it should be central to climate change research and policymaking, but for this to be of benefit to Indigenous Peoples and local communities context-specific understandings of health and well-being are necessary (Jarillo and Crivelli, 2024)
Intra- and inter-session reliability of countermovement jump and gait analysis in collegiate athletes measured using an inertial measurement unit (BTS G-Walk)
No full textThis study assessed the intra- and inter-session reliability of the inertial measurement unit (IMU) in measuring countermovement jump (CMJ) and 10m-walking gait-related outcomes. Thirty collegiate-level athletes (15 males [age: 21.0 ± 2.5 years] and 15 females [age: 21.5 ± 2.1 years]) were recruited to perform CMJs and 10m-walking test that were simultaneously recorded using the commercially available body-worn IMU – BTS G-walk. The coefficient of variation (CV), the analysis of variance with repeated measures (ANOVA), and the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used for intra-session reliability. While the Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) and the ICC were used to analyze inter-session reliability. Measurement of CMJ and 10m-walking test gait variables using the IMU resulted in moderate to excellent intra-session reliability for CMJ (ICC = 0.881 to 0.988) and gait analysis (ICC = 0.807 to 0.978) with acceptable CV (≤10%). Inter-session reliability for CMJ variables ranged from poor to excellent (ICC = 0.134 to 0.963), and 10-m walking test gait analysis variables were moderate to excellent (ICC = 0.683 to 0.931). The IMU (BTS G-walk) provides reliable data for most CMJ and gait variables. Future studies may determine the accuracy of the equipment to monitor changes over time (e.g., after a training intervention
Achieving and sustaining reduction in hospital-acquired complications in an Australian local health service
No full textBackground: Reducing the prevalence of hospitalacquired complications (HACs) is paramount for both patient safety and hospital financial performance because of its impact on patient’s recovery and health service delivery by diverting resources away from other core patient care activities. While numerous reports are available in the literature for projects that successfully reduce specific HAC, questions remain about the sustainability of this isolated approach and there may be benefits for more wholistic programmes that aim to align prevention strategies across a hospital. This study describes such a programme that uses evidence and theories in the literature to achieve and sustain a reduction in HACs in an Australian local health service between 2019 and 2022.
Methods: An organisation-wide HACs Reduction Programme underpinned by a 3-pillar strategic framework (complete documentation, accurate coding, clinical effectiveness) and a 5-year roadmap to clinical excellence was developed. Priorities were identified through Pareto analysis and aligned at organisational, service and specialty levels. The Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI) 90-day cycle was modified to implement contextualised evidence-based interventions supported by the application of the Awareness, Desire, Knowledge, Ability and Reinforcement change management model. Under this wholistic umbrella, specific projects were datadriven, evidence-based and outcome-oriented to promote clinical engagement and a continuous improvement culture.
Results: Overall mean HAC rate per 10 000 episodes of care decreased from a baseline of 459.5 across 2017 and 2018 to 363.1 in 2019 and remained lower through to the end of 2022 indicating sustained improvement in performance.
Conclusion: A wholistic approach to reduce HACs increased the likelihood of multidisciplinary integration for contextualised strategies and interventions. Improvement work, particularly in relation to patient outcomes, is a dynamic process that needs to be intentionally cultivated, targeted and coordinated. The modified IHI 90-day cycle proved to be an effective tool for implementation that contributed to sustained change
Australia\u27s champion of public choice: An appreciation of the life and works of Geoffrey Brennan
No full textAn athlete\u27s perspective: Comparing talent development environments for boys and girls in Western Australia youth soccer
No full textThis study aimed to compare the perceptions of boys and girls regarding their gender-specific talent development environments (TDEs) in state-level youth soccer. Seventy-one players (girls, n = 35; boys, n = 36) aged 11–18 years completed the Talent Development Environment Questionnaire (TDEQ-5), Sports Motivation Scale (SMS-6), Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (CART-Q), and Self-Efficacy and Outcome Expectancies (SEOE) of strength training questionnaire. Mann–Whitney U tests and Hedges’s g effect sizes were used to identify group differences. Boys scored higher for TDEQ-5 subdimensions: long-term development focus, alignment of expectations, and holistic quality preparation. For the CART-Q, boys perceived greater coach commitment, whilst girls perceived greater coach complementarity. The SMS-6 results suggested higher amotivation among girls and higher external regulation and introjected regulation among boys. Finally, boys reported greater self-efficacy and outcome expectancies related to strength training. Overall, the findings reveal significant disparities in boys’ and girls’ perceptions of their TDEs. Whilst these findings provide a more nuanced understanding of youth soccer TDEs, further research is necessary to identify the critical factors for effective athlete development regardless of gender, or with more informed considerations of gender. Stakeholders should consider the unique constraints and resources specific to their TDE to determine which strategies may best impact their functionality
Should we reform the jury? An Australian perspective
No full textJury trials are a necessary part of American and Australian jurisprudence. However, critics question whether both jurisdictions should consider eliminating or reforming jury trials. High-profile jury cases in Australia and the United States elicit criticism regarding the ongoing relevance of the institution. Jury trials function differently in both countries and hold different levels of public trust in the institution. Despite the criticisms of jury trials, neither country has engaged in serious conversations to abolition this ancient institution. This article discusses the trials of Lindy Chamberlain and Cardinal George Pell, placing the use of criminal jury trial in their ancient English historical perspective demonstrating the evolutionary nature of criminal jury trials. Despite the recognized importance of citizen participation in the criminal justice system, there have been constant changes to the jury trial as Anglo-American societies try to mitigate unjust results in criminal jury trials. Some injustices seem to flow from media involvement for or against the accused. Judges may make an active effort to protect juries and by proxy defendants. Jury trials are the preferred Anglo-American means of deciding criminal cases since jurors are viewed as a democratic representation of society. However, does that mean the decisions of jury trials should be treated as inviolable? Due to issues of mistrial by actions of the jury, appeals against their verdicts have been allowed in Australia since 1912; however, appellate judges have been reluctant to upset jury verdicts. This article addresses whether jury practice should be reformed to reduce verdicts that convict the innocent and how the jury process should be reformed. This article’s primary recommendation is that jury panels receive additional education before they begin criminal trial
What supports are people with intellectual disability living in group homes provided to access health care? A case study
No full textBackground: People with intellectual disabilities living in group homes often have complex health needs, are high health service users and need support from their service provider to access health services. In Australia, little is known about the types and amounts of these supports.
Methods: A case study was conducted on a large Western Australian disability provider of group homes to 160 people with intellectual disability. Over an18‐month period, including during the COVID‐19 pandemic, the study quantified health service use in hospital‐and community‐based settings, ways by which the person was supported to access health care and the impact on other people supported by the provider. Economic costs of supporting access to health services were estimated.
Findings: Overall, the disability provider supported 160 people in accessing health services an average of 23 times each (n= 3617, median = 20, interquartile range = 10–33) over the 18 months. Support included staff attending with the person (96%), following up with guardian/decision‐maker (50%), additional resourcing via overtime or staff backfills (6%) and transport (94%). The average cost of supporting one health visit was estimated at $78.51 AUD (2021). Impact on the person\u27s household included loss of opportunity for housemates (30%), reduced supervision within the home (79%) and longer timeframes to complete care needs(32%). The impact of COVID‐19 restrictions saw a reduction in allied and mental health service use that did not return to pre-pandemic levels following the cessation of restrictions. Primary care, specialist, outpatient, pathology and emergency service use was also lower in the post restriction period compared to the pre-pandemic period.
Conclusions: For people living in group homes, the disability provider plays an essential role in supporting health service access, primarily through the provision of support staff and transport. The change in health service utilisation following theCOVID‐19 restriction period indicates that altered health system priorities can potentially exacerbate access inequality for people with intellectual disabilit
