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Hälsa, sjukdomar och dödsorsaker hosmarina däggdjur 2022 : Resultat från obduktion och provtagning av marina däggdjur som undersökts på SVA
No full text‘The man who vacuum cleaned the Atlantic’ − the aerosol collector and Gunnar Erdtman’s attempts to measure pollen rain
No full textIn 1937, the Swedish palynologist Gunnar Erdtman (1897–1973) mounted two adapted vacuum cleaners atop an ocean-going liner and set out to obtain air samples as he crossed the Atlantic Ocean. The devices were able to capture samples of airborne pollen which were related to air volume and distance from land. The results of this investigation are still cited in the scientific literature, but a study of publications demonstrates that the ocean study had land-based antecedents. Furthermore, archival investigation reveals the background to such studies, including the technical plans for Erdtman’s ‘aerosol collector’, records of raw data from the voyage, draft portions of the key publication, photographs and the precise location of the land-based equipment. A storage loft in the Swedish Museum of Natural History in Stockholm has been found to house a surviving aerosol collector
A fresh look at the Hyolithid Doliutheca from the Early Cambrian (Stage 4) Shipai Formation of the Three Gorges Area, Hubei, South China
No full textNew hyolith specimens from the early Cambrian (Stage 4) of the Three Gorges area, western Hubei Province are described and assigned to the species Doliutheca orientalis. Doliutheca are preserved in two taphonomic modes: casts in silty mudstone revealing gross morphology and some soft parts, and internal molds in calcareous pelites, which exhibit new morphological details of the conch and operculum. SEM and Micro-CT analyses show that Doliutheca preserve well-developed platy clavicles and cardinal processes on the interior of the operculum composed of rod-shaped tubular elements. This observation and the distinct cardinal and conical shields of the operculum indicate that Doliutheca could be placed within the Family Paramicrocornidae, most recently established as a group of hyoliths closely related to hyolithids
Land-sea ecological connectivity during a Jurassic warming event
No full textKnowledge on how climate change affects land-sea ecological connectivity in deep time is scarce. To fill this knowledge gap we have assembled a unique dataset through a Jurassic (early Toarcian) warming event that includes quantitative abundance data from pollen and spores, organic-walled marine plankton and benthic macro-invertebrates, in association with geochemical data derived from the same sampled horizons, from the Cleveland Basin, UK. Using this dataset we: (i) reconstruct the timing of degradation and recovery of land-plants, marine primary producers and benthic fauna in response to this event, and (ii) test for connectivity between changes in land and marine ecosystems. We find a discrepancy between the timing of the response of land-plant and marine ecosystems to the event. Land-plants were the first to be affected by initial warming, but also recovered relatively quickly after the peak of warmth to return to pre-event levels of richness and diversity. Plankton and benthic fauna instead experienced a delayed response to initial warming, but as warming peaked, they suffered a rapid and extreme turnover. Recovery in the shelf sea was also delayed (particularly for the benthos) compared to the vegetation. Ecological connectivity analyses show a strong link between changes in terrestrial and marine ecosystems. The loss of large trees on land contributed to changes in marine plankton, from dinoflagellate-to prasinophyte algal-dominated communities, by enhancing erosion, runoff and nutrient-supply into shallow seas. Eutrophication and changes in primary productivity contributed to the decrease of dissolved oxygen in the water column and in bottom waters, which in turn affected benthic communities. Such cause-effect mechanisms observed in the Cleveland Basin are likely to have occurred in other basins of the Boreal Realm, and in part also in basins of the Sub-Boreal and Tethyan realms. Although palaeolatitudinal and palaeoceanographic gradients may have controlled local and regional changes in land-plants and marine ecosystems during the Early Jurassic, the main climatic and environmental changes linked to rapid global warming, enhanced weathering and high primary productivity, are shared among all the examined realms.This research was funded by a Swedish Research Council grant to S.M.S. [grant no. 2019-04524] and to V.V. [grant no. 2019-04061], and a Natu-ral Environment Research Council (NERC) grant to R.J.T. [grant no. NE/I005641/1].</p
A Late Triassic vegetation record from the Huangshanjie Formation, Junggar Basin, China: possible evidence for the Carnian Pluvial Episode
No full textThe Carnian Pluvial Episode (CPE; c. 234–232 million years ago) is characterized by an accelerated hydrological cycle, global warming and a period of elevated biotic turnover. Using spores and pollen, we reconstruct vegetation and climate changes through a Carnian–Norian (Upper Triassic) interval of the Huangshanjie Formation from the Junggar Basin, China. Four palynofloras were identified, representing distinct vegetation communities. Among these palynofloras, we observed a prominent shift from a conifer-dominated climax forest community, with common ginkgophytes and bennettites, to a fern-dominated community, suggestive of an environmental perturbation. We interpret this change as a regional shift in vegetation, likely caused by increased humidity, consistent with the CPE. Our records represent the first indication of a possible CPE-induced vegetation response in the Junggar Basin and highlight how this event likely affected floral communities of inland Laurasia.This research was supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (NSFC 42002003) and the State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy (Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, CAS) (20182110) for J.P., the Swedish Research Council (VR) (grant no. 2019-04524 for S.S. and 2019-4061 for V.V.) and the Carl Tryggers Foundation (grant no. 19:380).</p
Development and Optimization of a Silica Column-Based Extraction Protocol for Ancient DNA
No full textMollusks from Miocene hydrocarbon-seep deposits in the Ilocos-Central Luzon Basin, Luzon Island, Philippines
No full textWe report 35 molluscan species from Late Miocene cold-seep carbonates from the Amlang Formation in the Ilocos- Central Luzon Basin in Luzon Island, Philippines, collected in a large quarry in the province of Pangasinan. The 19 bivalve species are largely representatives of chemosymbiotic families; the six new species are the nuculid Acila (Truncacila) interferencia sp. nov., the mytilid Bathymodiolus labayugensis sp. nov., the thyasirid Conchocele pangasinanensis sp. nov., the lucinid Megaxinus gorrospei sp. nov., the vesicomyid Pliocardia ballesterosi sp. nov., and Sisonia frijellanae gen. et sp. nov., of uncertain taxonomic affinity. The 16 gastropods include one species restricted to seep deposits, the neritid species Thalassonerita hagai sp. nov.; the buccinid Enigmaticolus semisulcata represents the first fossil record of its genus. Biogeographically, the Pangasinan seep fauna shows several links to Neogene seep faunas in other tropical/subtropical areas, namely the Mediterranean and Caribbean regions. In contrast, shared taxa with nearby but extratropical Japan are few, as are shared taxa with Miocene seep deposits in New Zealand
Disjunct resident population of Melodious Lark Mirafra cheniana discovered in East Africa
No full textObituary: Dr Nathalie Nagalingum (1975 - 2022)
No full textIt is with sadness that I announce to the IOP community the untimely death of ourdear colleague, Dr. Nathalie Nagalingum. Nathalie passed away on August 22nd this year,surrounded by her family in Melbourne, Australia, after a long battle with ovarian cancer