Mid Sweden University
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CR-DARTS : Channel Redistribution-based Differentiable Architecture Search
No full textDifferentiable Architecture Search (DARTS) has shown promising results in automating the design of deep learning models. However, its search process is computationally expensive because it evaluates all candidate operations simultaneously, often leading to an over-parameterized and inefficient search network. To reduce the computational cost, DARTS employs a smaller search network than the final evaluation network, which introduces an architecture optimization gap that limits real-world performance. To overcome this limitation, we introduce CR-DARTS, a multi-stage search framework designed to bridge the architecture optimization gap through an adaptive channel redistribution strategy. CR-DARTS reduces the computational complexity of the search network by compressing the shared input features among candidate operations and restoring the network dimensions via channel-wise feature concatenation. In addition, it progressively eliminates underperforming operations and redistributes the number of channels for more relevant feature extraction, thereby narrowing the gap between the search and evaluation networks. We validated CR-DARTS on two diverse computer vision tasks to assess its generalizability. Experimental results show that the proposed search framework reduces the memory requirement of the DARTS algorithm by up to 4.3×, while addressing the architecture optimization gap. Moreover, in the evaluation phase, the discovered architecture achieves up to 25.3% reductions in computational complexity and 50.6% faster inference time compared to state-of-the-art methods, while maintaining comparable accuracy. It also produces a competitive fire segmentation network that outperforms the state-of-the-art methods while maintaining similar computational efficiency. These results demonstrate that CR-DARTS is a practical solution for neural architecture search. Source code will be made publicly available at https://github.com/Realistic3D-MIUN/CR-DARTS.PLENOPTIMAIMMERS
Extending the Applicability of the BFI-2 Personality Inventory
No full textThe BFI-2 (Soto & John, 2017) has been adapted to various languages and cultures, but not yet to a Swedish context. Its predictive power has been investigated mainly on domain level, but to a lesser extent on facet level. In three large samples, N = 824, N = 1,104, and N = 823, using an online questionnaire, the intended five-factor structure for the domains Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Negative Emotionality, and Open-Mindedness was reproduced in all three samples, both based on items and the facet scores. Reliability was good for the domains, more diverse for the facets, but still acceptable in most cases. Invariance analyses revealed high correspondence with the American original. The predictive validity was evaluated for individual (psychological well-being), interindividual (attachment styles), and intergroup (social dominance orientation and ambivalent sexism) variables. Regression analyses revealed significant and theoretically meaningful patterns, both for the domains and their facets
Macabéas röst : Clarice Lispector och frågan om den subalterna kan tala
No full textDenna uppsats använder sig av Gayatri Chakravorty Spivaks teori ”Kan den subalterna tala?” för att undersöka om och hur Clarice Lispector i sin bok Stjärnans ögonblick (1977) tagit sig an problemet med den subalterna, fattiga, svarta kvinnan och om hon har någon röst. Tidigare forskning som används i uppsatsen rör sig från en av de tidigaste Lispectorforskarna Earl E. Fitz (1982) som lyfter de olika perspektiven i boken, till André Corrêa de Sá (2024) som lyfter Lispectors sociala hopp i boken. Regina Dalcastagnès litteraturhistoriska forskning (2012) används för att belysa bristen på representation av svarta människor i brasiliansk litteratur, både som författare samt karaktärer i romaner. Analysen bygger på närläsning samt jämförelser mellan de båda före detta koloniserade länderna Brasilien och Indien samt problemet med representation, att antingen politiskt, ”tala för” eller att ”re-presentera” det vill säga mimetiskt avbilda i konst och filosofi , någon som själv inte kan berätta sin historia.Slutgiltigt godkännandedatum: 2025-06-05</p
3D SMoE Splatting for Edge-aware Realtime Radiance Field Rendering
No full textSteered Mixtures-of-Experts (SMoE) is an existing regression framework that has previously been applied for modeling and compression of 2D images and higher-dimensional imagery, including compression of light fields and light-field video. SMoE models are sparse, edge-aware representations that allow rendering of imagery with few Gaussians with excellent quality. In this paper a novel, edge-aware "3D SMoE Splatting" (3DSMoES) framework for 3D rendering is introduced, adopted to fit into the existing "3D Gaussian Splatting" (3DGS) CUDA optimization pipeline. Here, SMoE regression serves as a "plug-and-play" solution that replaces the established 3DGS regression as a novel workhorse. 3DSMoES achieves significant visual quality gains with drastically fewer Gaussian kernels compared to 3DGS. We observe up to approximately 4dB improvement in PSNR on individual scenes with kernel reductions between 20 to 50 percent. The sparse models are significantly faster to train and allow up to 30-50 percent improved rendering speeds
An LLM Assistant for Software Project Onboarding
No full textNew developers commonly join software teams for projects in the advanced stages of development. They frequently face barriers, especially in software comprehension, that impede their ability to make early contributions. To aid newcomers in understanding software projects, we have developed an LLM-based tool called SPAC-B that can answer software project-specific questions. In this study, a case study is conducted to investigate the accuracy of SPAC-B’s answers to common developer questions when resolving issues on two open-source projects regarding relevance, completeness, and correctness. On a Likert scale (1-5), answers from SPAC-B scored a mean of 4.6 in relevance and 4.3 in completeness and correctness. An experiment with ten software developers is performed to further examine SPAC-B’s ability to help newcomers formulate plans for resolving real-life open-source issues. Results show that the participants could make a better implementation plan with the use of SPAC-B and 8/10 participants found the tool to be helpful.
Improved COOT optimization : An approach to multilevel thresholding in image segmentation
No full textImage thresholding is one of the fastest and easiest approach for image segmentation and serves as a preprocessing step in computer vision and image processing applications, such as surveillance, image perception, scene understanding, artificial intelligence, augmented reality, biomedical imaging, remote sensing, image fusion, etc. Metaheuristic approaches have recently gained attention in the field of image segmentation. The standard COOT algorithm is a good alternative for solving complex optimization problems; however, it suffers from drawbacks, such as stagnation and insufficient balance between exploration and exploitation. This paper proposes the application of an improved COOT (ICOOT) optimization algorithm for multilevel image thresholding. In the proposed method, Lévy flights are incorporated to enhance the exploration capability of COOT, and quasi-opposition-based learning is introduced to improve the exploitation capacity and balance exploration and exploitation. To verify the efficiency of the ICOOT algorithm, it has been tested for solving complex optimization problems from the CEC’17 benchmark. The ICOOT algorithm is also employed to calculate the threshold values in image segmentation via Otsu’s entropy as an objective function for practical purposes. In addition to testing its performance in image thresholding, the proposed ICOOT algorithm has also been tested on benchmark images and computed tomography (CT) images from COVID-19 patients. The presented approach is compared with various state-of-the-art algorithms, and the ICOOT results outperform them.
Vägar till digitalt spelbevarande : Om samspelet med och inom en teknisk miljö av mjuk- och hårdvara
No full textUppsatsen utgår från spelindustrins historia och tre svenska ABMinstitutioner för att reda ut utmaningar och finna möjliga lösningar på digital spelbevaring. Detta genom att definiera spelens viktiga egenskaper som ett samspel med och inom en teknisk miljö. Uppsatsen finner att flera av de tekniska miljöer som framtagits för att interagera med och uppleva spel, är slutna miljöer som är svåra att återskapa och bevara över lång tid. Uppsatsen föreslår ett flertal utgångspunkter och möjliga resurser som redan nu finns tillgängliga för att bevara och återskapa de tekniska miljöer som tillgängliggör spel. Detta genom att bevara spelen på sin ursprungliga minnesbärarande medium och hårdvara i klimatanpassade arkivlokaler, tillsammans med insamlad metadata om de tekniska miljöernas förutsättningar, tekniska krav, mjukvara och ursprungliga kontext. Uppsatsen uppmuntrar också spelutvecklare och spelentusiaster att samarbeta för att tillgängliggöra spelhistorien. Både genom nytillverkade versioner av mjuk- och hårdvara, och / eller genom virtualisering och emulering av den ursprungliga mjukvaran. The essay draws from the history of the gaming industry and three Swedish ABM institutions to identify challenges and possible solutions to digital game preservation. This is done by defining the significant properties of games as an interplay with and within a technical environment. The essay finds that several of the technical environments that have been developed to interact with and experience games, are closed environments that are difficult to recreate and preserve over a long period of time. The essay suggests several starting points and possible resources that are readily available to preserve and recreate the technical environments to make games accessible. This is done by preserving the games on their original memory-media and hardware in climate adapted archival premises, together with collected metadata about the technical environments' conditions, technical requirements, software and original context. The essay also encourage game developers and game enthusiasts to collaborate to make game history accessible. Both through newly manufactured versions of software and hardware, and / or through virtualization and emulation of the original
Plats, gemenskap och identifikation i rasifierade berättelser om klassmobilitet
No full textResearch on class mobility is a well-established field with a long tradition within sociology. A number of qualitative studies have explored the experiences of class mobility, both focusing on class and from an intersectional perspective. However, these studies have almost exclusively dealt with the individual aspects of upward class mobility. This article, by contrast, explores the collective aspects, specifically the significance of actual and imagined communities in class mobility narratives. Drawing on interviews and theories on identification, community, and place, this study analyzes the mobility experiences of class-mobile individuals from the racialized working class who grew up in förorten (marginalized neighborhoods) in Sweden. The article identifies two central communities in the narratives. The first is the actual family as community, where class mobility is portrayed as a collective goal, shaped by the family's sacrifices and shared aspirations. The second community is an imagined place-based community connected to förorten as a symbolic space. Referring to these place-bound identifications, the participants strive both to ”give back” to these communities and to act as good representatives of förorten.Forskning om klassmobilitet är ett väletablerat ämne med lång tradition inom sociologin. Ett flertal kvalitativa studier har utforskat erfarenheterna av klassmobilitet, både med fokus på klass och ur ett intersektionellt perspektiv. Studierna har dock nästan uteslutande behandlat de individuella aspekterna av uppåtgående klassmobilitet. Denna artikel undersöker i stället de kollektiva aspekterna, närmare bestämt betydelsen av faktiska och föreställda gemenskaper i klassmobilitetsnarrativ. Med utgångspunkt i intervjuer och teorier som berör identifikation, gemenskap och plats analyseras mobilitetserfarenheter hos klassmobila individer från den rasifierade arbetarklassen som har växt upp i förorten i Sverige. Artikeln identifierar två centrala gemenskaper i narrativen. Den första är en faktisk familjegemenskapen, där klassmobilitet framställs som ett kollektivt mål, präglat av familjens uppoffringar och gemensamma strävan. Den andra gemenskapen är en föreställd platsgemenskap som knyts till förorten som symbolisk plats. Med hänvisning till dessa platsbundna identifikationer strävar studiedeltagarna både efter att ”ge tillbaka” till dessa gemenskaper och agera goda representanter för förorten
Incline dependence of the power-duration relationship in cross-country skiing
No full textIntroduction This study aimed to develop a methodology for establishing the power-duration relationship in cross-country skiers and to investigate the influence of incline on critical power ( C P ) model parameters.Methods Twelve trained male cross-country skiers performed four constant work-rate predictive trials on a motor-driven treadmill, using the double poling sub-technique, to determine their power-duration relationships at 2 degrees and 8 degrees inclines in a randomized order. The testing protocol also included maximum speed tests performed at both inclines. Power-duration relationships were modeled using a modified expression of the three-parameter critical power model.Results The derived power-duration relationships were significantly different between the two inclines. At an 8 degrees incline, the estimated work capacity above C P (i.e., W ' ) was more than two times higher than at a 2 degrees incline ( 24.87 +/- 8.75 kJ vs. 7.07 +/- 1.61 kJ, respectively; Z = 3.06 , P = 0.002 , r r b = 0.88 ), which was partly explained by an increased anaerobic power capacity (i.e., P a n = 4.82 +/- 0.64 W & sdot; kg-1 vs. 1.67 +/- 0.34 W & sdot; kg-1, respectively; Z = 3.06 , P = 0.002 , r r b = 0.88 ). Although C P estimates differed by approximately 16 % between the two inclines on a group level ( 2.78 +/- 0.22 W & sdot; kg-1 vs. 2.39 +/- 0.74 W & sdot; kg-1 at a 2 degrees and at an 8 degrees incline, respectively), a moderate non-significant effect of incline was observed with large individual variances ( Z = 1.88 , P = 0.06 , r r b = 0.54 ). The incline had a non-significant effect on the time constant parameter estimates ( Z = 1.57 , P = 0.12 , r r b = 0.45 ), yet inter-individual variation remained considerable.Discussion The findings demonstrate that in cross-country skiing, both W ' and P a n are highly incline-dependent, showing markedly higher values at steeper gradients. Moreover, the variability observed in C P and W ' across inclines exceeded the typical sensitivity of these parameters to external factors reported in cycling. A large proportion of the incline-related changes in model parameters could be explained by accounting for the estimated variations in gross efficiency across speeds and inclines. However, the persistence of a significant difference in W ' even when expressed in terms of estimated metabolic power at steeper inclines suggests the involvement of additional physiological mechanisms, potentially a larger amount of recruited muscle mass due to differences in muscle fiber recruitment between conditions
Frid : Från rädsla i doldhet
No full textMäns våld mot kvinnor är i Sverige ett komplext samhällsproblem. Grafiskdesign har en betydelse för att förmedla budskap som rör komplexa problem isamhället samt hur det tas emot av betraktare. Sverige fokuserar idag påförebyggande arbete för att motverka samt bekämpa våldet.I den här studien undersöker jag genom en semiotisk bildanalys hurprisvinnande kampanjer i Guldägget framställer våld mot kvinnor samt vilkadesignstrategier som bidragit till att de blivit framgångsrika. Resultatet visarpå att typsnitt, hierarki, symboler, ikoner och färg är viktiga semiotiskaresurser som framkommit. Även att logos, pathos, ethos, stark informativ textoch dubbla budskap var de som var mest framträdande. Arbetet förhåller sigtill FN:s globala mål 5.2 som handlar om att utrota våld mot och utnyttjandeav kvinnor och flickor.Som en del av detta projekt skapades organisationen Frid, Från rädsla idoldhet. Frid är en organisation som arbetar för att ge barn och kvinnor somlever eller levt i våldsamma hem trygghet och stöd. ”Trygghet till inköpspris”är en kampanj där Frid leker med rea-estetiken för att fånga blickar ochomvandlar köpimpulsen till ett erbjudande om verklig trygghet utan vinst.Målet med kampanjen är att samla medel och skapa uppmärksamhet för demsom redan drabbats av våldet.I detta examensprojekt kommer man kunna läsa om min vetenskapligaundersökning, mitt förpackningsdesignprojekt, utställningsarbetet,publicering samt slutreflektion