Kristianstad University
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Exploring past, present and future trends in public sector auditing research : a literature review
No full textPurpose – Public sector auditing research has changed rapidly over the past four decades. This paper aims to reveal how the field has developed and identify avenues for future research. Design/methodology/approach – The authors used a structured literature review following Massaroet al. The sample comprises papers on public sector auditing published in accounting and public sector management journals between 1991 and 2020. Findings – The present analysis highlights that academic research interest in public sector auditing has grown and become more diverse. The authors argue this may reflect a transformation of the public sector in recent decades, owing to the developing institutional logics of public sector reforms, from traditional public administration to new public management and now new public governance. Originality value – This paper offers a comprehensive review of the public sector auditing literature, discussing different perspectives over time. It also outlines the various public sector reforms introduced over the period of the study. In reviewing the existing literature, the authors highlight the themes for future research and policy settings.Acknowledgements Research financed by Norwegian Research Council, “Transformative Capabilities of Accounting Profession: Study of small and medium accounting practices”, grant ID: 301717.</p
Doctoral students’ experiences of being affiliated with an interdisciplinary graduate school in aging and health
No full textThe aim is to describe the development of a novel interdisciplinary graduate school, using the Swedish National Graduate School for Competitive Science on Ageing and Health (SWEAH) as a case example. We explore doctoral students’ perceptions of being part of SWEAH and provide implications for practice. Written self-reports reflecting 78 students’ experiences and perceptions were analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings reveal that affiliation with SWEAH is highly valued. The students emphasized the tailored courses and learning activities and reported that it was instrumental in deepening their knowledge and broadening their research perspectives. The findings demonstrate how students navigate between disciplinary and interdisciplinary contexts and become enculturated with intellectual mindset and understanding of the importance of network building. The graduate school adds an interdisciplinary layer of learning, influenced by peers and researchers, and demonstrates the importance of community building within interdisciplinary environments and how it can be achieved
Older person's experiences of benefits gained from the support and advice given during preventive home visits
No full textBACKGROUND: Life expectancy is increasing all over the world. To be able to support this positive development, health interventions focusing on promotion and prevention are crucial. Preventive home visits represent one example of a health intervention which addresses both promotion through a supportive dialogue and prevention by giving advice. However, to give support and advice that older persons experience as beneficial, there is a need for more research. AIM: The aim of this study was to explore older person's experiences of the benefits gained from the support and advice given during the preventive home visit. METHOD: Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 older persons, median age 77 years old, living at home, who had received a preventive home visit. The interviews were analysed with content analysis. FINDINGS: The overarching theme Becoming empowered and recognised as a person was experienced as the major benefit of the support and advice given during the preventive home visit. The support and advice generated conditions for the person to become empowered, by contributing to a feeling of control and preparedness for the future. Furthermore, the support and advice given contributed to a feeling of becoming recognised as a person, as an outcome of the supportive dialogue and the assessment of their health, behaviour and their surrounding environment. CONCLUSION: The support and advice given during the preventive home visit were experienced as person-centred, and conditions for becoming empowered were created. In order to create a positive outcome from the support and advice given during the preventive home visit, it seems important to focus on providing both a supportive dialogue and a structured assessment.This study is financed by external grants from Region Skåne, and the municipalities in the project ‘Preventive home visits to seniors’.</p
Den fysiska lärmiljöns betydelse för lärande : med fokus på lärande i matematik
No full textSyftet med studien är att ta reda på hur lärare vill att den fysiska klassrumsmiljön ska se ut och varför. Samt att synliggöra den fysiska lärmiljöns betydelse för lärandet i matematik. Studien har sin utgångspunkt ur ett kognitivt perspektiv framförallt utifrån begreppen arbetsminne och inhibition. Studien är en kvalitativ undersökning med semistrukturerade intervjuer som genomförs. Resultatet visade att lärare anser att den fysiska lärmiljön har betydelse för elevers lärande i en mer generell bemärkelse. Däremot visar resultatet en medvetenhet kring kognitiva funktioner som är centrala vid inlärning i matematik. Slutsatsen är att lärare har en viss medvetenhet om kognitiva förmågor som behövs för lärandet i matematik, däremot inte att det är särskilt viktigt att utforma den fysiska lärmiljön utifrån dessa. Vi ser att en djupare kunskap i lärarens profession utifrån detta område behövs.
Att bedöma i historieämnet : perspektiv på historisk kunskap, bedömning och prov
No full textVilka utmaningar finns kring bedömning i historia? Under de senaste åren har förutsättningarna för historieundervisning förändrats som en följd av en dramatiskt förändrad bedömningspraktik. Kapitlen i denna bok diskuterar olika aspekter av bedömning i historieämnet. Sammantaget ger de en fördjupad insikt om bedömningspraktiken i det moderna historieämnet, men därutöver får läsaren indirekt bred kunskap om de villkor som gäller för historieundervisning i svensk skola under tidigt 2020-tal
Active parents-active children : a study among families with children and adolescents with Down Syndrome.
No full textFrom a public health perspective, it is important that children with Down syndrome (DS) lay the foundations of physical activity (PA) early in life to keep active in school, as teenagers and as adults. The aims were to investigate PA patterns in children and adolescents with DS, as well as their parents' and siblings' PA patterns. METHODS: A survey was performed among 310 families with children with DS (54% boys and 46% girls) aged 8-18 years (mean 14.04, SD 3.18) in Sweden. Chi-squared tests and multiple logistic regression were carried out. RESULTS: Nineteen percent of children and adolescents with DS and 34% of the parents were active three or more times per week. The child's PA level was significantly associated with parents' PA (OR = 5.5), siblings' PA (OR = 5.1) and the child's locomotion ability (OR = 3.5). Physically active parents had active children to a greater extent than inactive parents (59% vs. 29%; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Physically active parents have active children. To promote PA among children and adolescents with DS, it is important to promote and pay attention to the parents' and siblings' PA behavior, as children with DS are dependent on support from the family
Menopause is a natural stage of aging : a qualitative study
No full textBACKGROUND: Menopause is a biopsychosocial phenomenon encompassing the transition in a woman's life from being fertile to infertile. Although menopause may result in extremely unpleasant physical symptoms there is evidence of a low rate of reported menopausal symptoms amongst women in Asian cultures. Women's experiences, views, and responses to menopause which influences women's daily life and well-being, may vary between different societies and cultures. This study aimed to explore and describe menopausal experiences among women in Sri Lanka. METHODS: A qualitative exploratory research was conducted among postmenopausal women of 46-55 years of age in the western province of Sri Lanka. Individual interviews with a purposive sample of 20 women were conducted, and data analysis was done using manifest and latent content analysis. RESULTS: The results consist of an overall theme, "Menopause is a natural stage of aging" and three categories "Entering a new stage", "Managing menopause" and "Not the end of life" which emerged from 34 codes. The overall theme highlights that changes in menopause were experienced as a natural change in life, with health problems that are normal for this change and handled with different self-care practices. The category "Entering a new stage" describes the women becoming aware of menopause and its bodily changes. The category "Managing menopause" describes women's experiences of being able to find their own remedies to ease the menopausal symptoms and by engaging in religious activities and focusing on interaction with people. The category, "Not the end of life" describes women's views of themselves as still valuable because menopause was experienced as a natural part of their lives. CONCLUSION: Women in Sri Lanka managed menopausal problem mainly on their own as they viewed the menopause as a natural stage of aging risking unnecessary suffering and failure to detect preventable complications. Enabling support groups for menopausal women and improving on their health-seeking behaviour by encouraging them to take part in screening for cervical and breast cancer would improve their condition. Further information on additional hormone therapy with a, subsequent follow-up and evaluation by community health nurses and/or midwives, would facilitate Sri Lankan women's transition to menopause
Droplet digital PCR and mile-post analysis for the detection of F8 int1h inversions
No full textBACKGROUND: F8 int1h inversions (Inv1) are detected in 1-2% of severe hemophilia A (HA) patients. Long-range polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and inverse-shifting PCR have been used to diagnose these inversions. OBJECTIVES: To design and validate a sensitive and robust assay for detection of F8 Inv1 inversions. METHODS: Archival DNA samples were investigated using mile-post assays and droplet digital PCR. RESULTS: Mile-post assays for Inv1 showing high specificities and sensitivities were designed and optimized. Analysis of four patients, two carrier mothers and 40 healthy controls showed concordance with known mutation status with one exception. One patient had a duplication involving exons 2-22 of the F8 gene instead of an Inv1 mutation. DNA mixtures with different proportions of wild type and Inv1 DNA correlated well with the observed relative linkage for both wild type and Inv1 assays and estimated the limit of detection of these assays to 2% of the rare chromosome. CONCLUSIONS: The mile-post strategy has several inherent control systems. The absolute counting of target molecules by both assays enables determination of template quantity, detection of copy number variants and rare variants occurring in primer and probe annealing sites and estimation of DNA integrity through the observed linkage. The presented Inv1 mile-post analysis offers sensitive and robust detection and quantification of the F8 int1h inversions and other rearrangements involving intron 1 in patients and their mothers
The dynamics and changes of infield systems : A study about field name continuity and infield systems in the north eastern Scanian ridge landscape 1570 - ca 1700
No full textLandskapet är i ständig förändring både av naturliga processer och processer skapade av människan. Från bybildning fram till idag har odlingslandskapet genomgått omfattande förändringar. Med hjälp av Lund stifts Landebok (Ljunggren & Ejder 1950, 1952) och historiskt kartmaterial ämnar denna studie ge en pusselbit till vad som händer inom vångarna år 1570 - ca 1700, med hjälp av följande frågeställningar: Hur kan inägomarkernas omfattning år 1570 rekonstrueras utifrån Lunds stifts landebok och det äldsta historiska kartmaterialet i form av geometriska avmätningar? och Hur kan inägomarkernas dynamik och utveckling fram till 1700-talets början rekonstrueras utifrån samma källor? och Vilken kontinuitet återfinns i marknamnen i Brönnestad, Häglinge samt Hörby utifrån samma källor? Dessa frågeställningar besvaras genom att synliggöra marknamnskontinuiteten mellan historiskt kart- och källmaterial. För att tydliggöra inägomarkernas förändringar har bland annat studier av Sven Dahl (1987) varit till hjälp. Detta i samband med kartläggningen av marknamnskontinuiteten har möjliggjort rekonstruktionen av vångutbredningen i de tre fallstudiebyarna Brönnestad, Häglinge och Hörby. Vidare har även antaganden gjorts angående vångalag mellan byarna. Undersökningsområdet är en del av Campbells (1928) kartlagda ensädesområde, men studierna i denna uppsats har ytterligare kunnat estimera i vilken utsträckning odlingssystemet samsäde varit etablerat i nordöstra Skånes åslandskap. Vidare har det kunnat beläggas en marknamnskontinuitet på över 50 % inom de tre fallstudierna, det har även konstaterats att hög marknamnskontinuitet tyder på låg förändring inom vången
Distriktssköterskans upplevelser av telefonrådgivningssamtal på vårdcentral med patienter med psykisk ohälsa : En kvalitativ intervjustudie
No full textSammanfattning Bakgrund: Psykisk ohälsa är en av de största hälsoutmaningarna i Europa idag avseende prevalens, sjukdomsbörda och funktionsnedsättning. I Sverige ökar sjukskrivningarna orsakade av psykisk ohälsa och vid alla sjukskrivningar som varar längre än 14 dagar är psykisk ohälsa orsak till hälften. Första vårdnivån för psykisk ohälsa är primärvården och kontakten sker oftast via telefon. Psykisk ohälsa ökar i samhället och därmed ökar även telefonsamtalen till vårdcentralen. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva distriktssköterskans upplevelser av telefonrådgivningssamtal på vårdcentral med patienter med psykisk ohälsa. Metod: Studien har en kvalitativ induktiv ansats. Tio distriktssköterskor från åtta olika vårdcentraler i Skåne har intervjuats individuellt och intervjuerna har analyserats med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Studiens resultat visar att distriktssköterskorna i de verksamheter som har välfungerande resurser i verksamheten upplever att telefonrådgivningen med patienter med psykisk ohälsa fungerar väl. Att distriktssköterskan har ett professionellt förhållningssätt i sin kommunikation, lyssnar aktivt och är aktivt närvarande i samtalet upplevs ha betydelse för telefonrådgivningssamtalets utgång. I studien framkommer att samtal med patienter med psykisk ohälsa har en känslomässig påverkan på distriktssköterskorna. Distriktssköterskans erfarenheter gällande psykisk ohälsa är något som växer fram med tiden och är till hjälp i telefonrådgivningssamtalet. Slutsats: Tillräckliga resurser i verksamheten har betydelse för telefonrådgivningssamtalets utgång och har distriktssköterskan rätt förutsättningar och tillräcklig kunskap då patienter med psykisk ohälsa söker hjälp första gången kan det ha betydelse för en tidig upptäckt och snabbt insatt behandling.