5782 research outputs found
Sort by
Disentangling soybean GxE effects in an integrated genomic prediction and machine learning-GWAS workflow
No full textIntegrating genotype-by-Environment (GxE) interactions into genomic prediction models has been demonstrated
to enhance the accuracy of predictions for crops exposed to unfavourable environmental conditions. However,
despite the increasing complexity of machine learning models in genomic prediction, no model or approach
has been found to be overall superior in comparison to a classical genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP)
model. In this paper, we compared two GBLUP models (Linear Mixed Effects model and Bayesian GBLUP) with two
machine learning models (Random Forest and Extreme Gradient Boosting) on the EUCLEG soybean genotype set
phenotyped in Belgium and Serbia. We found similar performance for the Bayesian GBLUP and the two machine
learning methods. However, using a workflow that decomposed the environment-specific BLUPs into a main genetic
and an interaction GxE effect, we found increased predictive ability for the interaction component compared to a single-
component approach. Furthermore, conducting a machine learning-genome wide association study (ML-GWAS)
on both components allowed us to identify important markers for the main genetic effect, as well as environmentspecific
markers. These could then be associated with correlated markers in other environments. By constructing
a small random forest model using only 50 uncorrelated, important markers we constructed a genomic prediction
model with similar predictive ability over all scenarios when compared to the large models including all markers. The
results demonstrate a new, integrated genomic prediction and machine learning-genome-wide association study
(ML-GWAS) approach, aimed at high predictive ability and coupled marker detection in the soybean genome for traits
phenotyped in different environments
Genetic and Phenotypic Diversity of European Triticale: GWAS of Yellow Rust Resistance and Agronomic Traits
No full textTriticale (x Triticosecale Wittmack) is an interspecific hybrid of wheat and rye. It is a promising grain and forage crop that thrives in poorer soils and low-input farming systems. It can serve as a viable alternative to traditional small grains such as wheat and barley, bringing diversity to crop rotations and enhancing biodiversity in agricultural practices. Although the original aim was to develop a hybrid combining the best traits of both parents, namely, the quality of wheat and the improved tolerance to (a)biotic stress factors of rye, the outcome turned out differently. Today, its susceptibility to evolving pathogens, particularly Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), the causal agent of yellow (stripe) rust, poses a challenge for its cultivation. This study evaluated 280 triticale accessions, including cultivars and advanced breeding lines of predominantly European origin, across five agroecological zones over two to three growing seasons. Phenotypic assessments focused primarily on resistance to yellow rust (YR). Other relevant phenotypic traits, such as plant height and heading date, have also been recorded. A Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) was performed using a dataset of 14,529 DArTseq SNP markers to determine the genetic control of the interested traits. Phenotypic screening revealed considerable variation in YR severity between years, locations and triticale genotypes, with similar results found for plant height and heading date. On the genetic level, there was substantial variation between the genotypes. Still, no significant population structure was visible as the genotypes were mainly grouped according to the donor breeding institute. The GWAS revealed a total of 12 significant marker-trait associations to the phenotypic traits of YR resistance, plant height and heading date; half of these markers are located in the rye subgenome. The results of this study confirm the presence of exploitable genetic diversity in the European triticale germplasm, representing a valuable resource for research and breeding programmes aimed at improving disease resistance and adaptation
Refugial habitats of paleoendemic Picea omorika: soil and plant attributes
No full textRefugial habitats occupied by palaeoendemic species provide valuable insights into the adaptive strategies of populations shaped by long-term climatic and environmental change. They also help to assess the conservation potential of refugia under future climate scenarios. In this study, two refugia of Picea omorika on Mount Tara, Serbia, Trenice (S) on serpentine substrate and Vranjak (NS) on non-serpentine substrate, were investigated in terms of soil properties (both under natural and climate-simulated conditions) and plant traits (leaf stoichiometry and morphophysiological traits). The soils at the two sites differed significantly in terms of nutrient content, total organic carbon, moisture content and trace metal concentrations, while the pH values were similar and both had a high Ca:Mg ratio. Serpentine (S) and non-serpentine (NS) populations differed significantly in trace metal concentrations in needles, soil-to-leaf stoichiometric patterns, morphophysiological traits and water status. The serpentine population had higher values in traits associated with a conservative strategy, such as specific leaf mass, relative water content and leaf thickness, suggesting a potential for better adaptation to future climatic conditions. Soil incubation in the climate chamber showed that trace metal concentrations remained stable, while other physico-chemical properties changed in different ways. Our findings highlight the importance of considering site-specific conditions and integrating more ecosystem indices (geological substrate, edaphic factors, functional plant traits) into climate-driven species distribution models
Valorization legumes related agrosystem services: Living Lab in Serbia
No full textVALERECO aims to accelerate the adoption and recognition of legume crops as key drivers
in the shift toward sustainable, productive, climate-resilient, and environmentally friendly
farming systems. By assessing both the environmental and economic contributions of
ecosystem services (ES) provided by eight major and four minor or underutilized legume
species, the project supports greater crop diversification across the EU and associated
countries. To put this into practice, VALERECO established nine Living Labs across Europe
to (1) design behavioural strategies that promote legume uptake in both production and
consumption, (2) conduct participatory field trials to evaluate legume performance in
diversified systems, and (3) co-develop technical solutions that are both economically and
environmentally viable. One of the Living Labs is located in Serbia, and the main legume
crops are soybean and chickpea. Furthermore, the trial included field peas as a winter cover
crop and intercropping barley (pure and strip). Field monitoring of winter cover crops,
particularly field pea, was conducted to evaluate their establishment and performance under
local agro-ecological conditions as well as selected mechanical weeding measures. Field trial
preparations, including soil sampling, sowing, and monitoring, were successfully executed.
The trial will last for three years, following 3D diversification scheme. Within the Living Lab,
a stakeholder survey was conducted (consumers, farmers, and retailers). In the following
period, the trainings and demo events will be organized. The project‘s results are and will be
widely disseminated through the creation of a Digital Legume Information Hub (DLIH), a
Decision Support System (DSS) for farmers and advisors, and an open-access E-learning
Platform for capacity building
Foeniculum Vulgare - Fennel Production and Significance in Medicine
No full textTherapeutic Potential of Medicinal Plants: The Science Behind Natural Remedies, investigates the bioactive compounds and functionality of medicinal plants and herbs which are recommended to help certain health conditions and overall well-being while highlighting cultivation that can be done sustainably to promote biodiversity conservation
The importance of standards and their role in food safety
No full textThe implementation of standards in food production affects production technology, and product quality, increasing the competitiveness of the economy, preservation of the environment, i.e. natural resources, while determining the growth of each country's exports. From the aspect of global trade, standardization and application of good agricultural practices enables producers to meet high market demands, position themselves on the market as reliable suppliers, comply with international regulations, gain customer trust, reduce trade barriers and access new markets. The aim of the work was to point out the role and importance of the implementation of standards in order to produce quality and safe food and improve the position of agricultural producers
Evaluation of grain yield properties of winter barley on an acidic soil
No full textThe field experiment with the barley was set up on the alluvium-type soil during the two growing seasons. Analysing the yield and test weight of three barley varieties cultivated on slightly acidic soil was the goal of the study. The 2023–2024 year, which had a lot of precipitation and mild temperatures during vegetation period, had the highest yield and test weight. All of the barley types that were studied had an average yield of 4.631 t/ha during the course of the two-year trial. The study's average test weight was 61.43 kg/hl. Over the course of the two-year research, variety NS 565 had the highest yield and test weight. Agro-climatic circumstances had a very significant impact on the winter barley's grain production and test weight, according to the analysis of variance, and genotype had a substantial impact on yield. The correlation coefficient between test weight and yield in barley varieties was positive
Smanjena osetljivost divljeg sirka na kletodim
No full textRezistentnost divljeg sirka na predstavinke FOP podgrupe inhibitora ACCaze potvrđena je 2017. godine u opštini Bač na lokalitetima Vajska i Plavna, da bi se već naredne godine na istim lokalitetima potvdila višestruka rezistentnost na ALS inhibitore i FOP-ove. Ubrzo posle toga, na istim lokalitetima 2021. godine, potvrđeno je prisustvo ukrštene rezistentnosti ovog korova na cikloksidim i FOP-ove. Interesantno je za ovaj fenomen istaći da je potvrđena rezistentnost na cikloksidim ali ne i kletodim, iako oba herbicida pripadaju istoj DIM podgrupi inhibitora ACCaze. Ranije je potvrđeno da su sve prethodno ispitivane populacije divljeg sirka bile osetljive na preporučene količine kletodima. Medutim, u 2023. godini na lokalitetu Bačko Dobro Polje registrovana je veoma slaba efikasnost u suzbijanju ovog korova u usevu šećerne repe posle dve primene po 240 i 360 g/ha kletodima i jednom primenom 200 g/ha cikloksidima u intervalima od 3-4 nedelje između tretiranja. Ovo nas je podstaklo na detaljniju analizu ovog slučaja i za potrebe ispitivanja potencijalne rezistentnosti uzeti su uzorci rizoma i semena preživelih biljaka
CROPINNO Newsletter (No. 5)
No full textThis is the fifth issue of the CROPINNO Newsletter reporting on STSMs for researchers and administrative staff, and announcing Tuesday Webinar Series and the Final Conference of the project.[https://cropinno.org/newsletters/
Data Management Plan
No full textThis is the third and final version of the Data Management Plan of the CROPINNO project. At the end of the project, all output has been added as a list of publications and a list of datasets deposited to this version of the DMP