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Valorization of Camelina Cake by Fractionation: Characterization of Nutritional and Functional Properties
No full textThe objective of this study was to investigate the effects of fractionation by sieving on cold-pressed camelina cake by separating it into particle-sized fractions and evaluating their nutritional and functional properties. Two Camelina sativa varieties, NS Zlatka and NS Slatka, were mechanically cold-pressed using a screw press then ground into flour. The resulting material was fractionated into three particle-sized fractions, >250 µm, 250–180 µm, and 250 µm) had increased crude fiber content (13–15%), higher antioxidant potential, the greatest water absorption capacity, and a darker color with a more pronounced reddish color. It also contained the lowest levels of glucosinolates (19–21 μmol/g) and phytic acid (17–20 g/kg). In conclusion, whole camelina cake and its fractions demonstrate considerable potential for use in animal feed and a variety of human nutritional products, due to their favorable nutritional composition and functional properties. Fine fractions with high levels of antinutritional compounds could be used as a substrate for the extraction of bioactive compounds and may find further application in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries
Fizičko-hemijska karakterizacija hladno ceđenog ulja uljane repice
No full textFizičko-hemijska svojstva hladno ceđenog ulja uljane repice određena su njegovim hemijskim sastavom, koji zavisi od različitih faktora, kao što su geografsko poreklo, sorta biljke, uslovi skladištenja i tehnologija prerade. Ova studija istražuje sirovo ulje dobijeno pod optimalnim uslovima pužnog presovanja iz semena sorte NS Bora, razvijene na Institutu za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo u Novom Sadu, Srbija. Ekstrakcija je izvedena pužnom presom (Model SPU 20, Elektromotor-Šimon, Senta, Srbija), pri čemu su dobijeni ulje i pogača. Sve analize su sprovedene tri puta, na temperaturi od 20 °C. Gustina ulja određena je piknometrom, a dinamička viskoznost viskozimetrom (Fungilab SA, Barselona, Španija; vreteno br. 2, 100 obrtaja u minuti). Jodna vrednost, kiselinski broj i peroksidni broj određeni su prema standardnim AOCS metodama. Dobijeno ulje imalo je veću gustinu i viskoznost u poređenju sa kanola i visoko-erukinskim uljima, što se može pripisati većem sadržaju polinezasićenih masnih kiselina. Kiselinski broj (2,9 ± 0,2 mg KOH/g) i peroksidni broj (0,6 ± 0,1 mmol O2/kg) bili su u okviru prihvatljivih granica, potvrđujući dobar kvalitet ulja i njegovu pogodnost za ljudsku ishranu. Nizak peroksidni broj ukazuje na veću oksidativnu stabilnost i verovatno prisustvo prirodnih antioksidanasa, kao što su tokoferoli i fenolna jedinjenja. Jodna vrednost (110 ± 2 I2/100g) bila je viša nego kod visoko-erukinskih ulja, ali niža nego kod kanola ulja, što ukazuje na povoljan profil masnih kiselina i visoku nutritivnu vrednost hladno ceđenog ulja uljane repice
The Adhesiveness of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) Seeds Is Conditioned by Their Shape
No full textThe seeds of some chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) accessions are prone to sticking
in twos or threes in a pod in the course of their maturation. Such seeds are usually easy
to detach although their coats often become damaged due to forcible separation. Sticking
is observed both in fields and glasshouses, with frequency potentially increasing in dry
hot climates. Our morphometric survey of non-desi seeds (kabuli and intermediate types)
suggests that it is seed shape, rather than size or color, that determines seed adhesiveness,
with rounder seeds being the most prone to sticking. A similar phenomenon is known
in pea (Pisum sativum L.) where it is conditioned by a single rare mutation affecting seed
coat features. Unlike pea, numerous chickpea lines and cultivars of different origin have
intrinsic susceptibility to seed adhesion, although to a variable extent depending on environment
and seed shape, so this feature is multifactorial rather than solely genetic in
C. arietinum. Although stuck seeds are mostly detached during mechanical harvesting,
the accompanying seed coat lesions may be potentially undesired for seed storage and
germination characteristics
Mobility reports
No full textThe Mobility Report is a deliverable of the CROPINNO project, funded as a HORIZON Coordination and Support Action type by the European Commission under its Horizon Europe (HE) Programme. It is produced in the scope of Task 6.2. „Quality Management“ within Work Package 6: Project Management. Mobility Report summarizes execution of mobility related activities planned within CROPINNO and described in D6.1 Mobility Plan. The Report includes the following events: Workshops; Training schools (TS); Short-term scientific missions (STSM); Trainings for administrative staff. The Mobility Report was drafted by IFVCNS, which is the leader of WP6, with input from all partners
Effect of Ground Cover Management on Nitrate Content and Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Yield
No full textGround cover management and woven agrotextile have an important role in lettuce production. However, there is limited information available on their combined effects. This research aimed to assess the influence of black and white geotextile mulching and woven agrotextiles used as plant cover on lettuce yield, soil nitrate content (N-NO3-) (kg ha-1) and nitrate content in lettuce leaves (mg kg-1). The experiment was set up as a randomized block design with six treatments, in four repetitions and three seasons, in the greenhouse and the open field in Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The applied soil mulching and plant covering treatments significantly increased lettuce yield in both greenhouse and open field. The highest lettuce yields were determined in the black geotextile treatment in both production systems. The N-NO3- content at a depth of 20-40 cm was on average four times higher in the greenhouse than in the open field. The nitrate content in lettuce leaves was on average 95.2% higher in the greenhouse production compared to the lettuce in the open field. The lowest N-NO3- content was recorded in the white geotextile treatment in the open field, while the use of black and white geotextile in the greenhouse led to the highest N-NO3- content in lettuce leaves
The possibility of using portable NIR for determining protein content in hulless barley
No full textIn plant breeding programs, determining various quality traits typically requires quick, reliable, and non-destructive analytical methods. Over the past two decades, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has become widely used to measure different grain quality parameters such as protein, moisture, and oil1. While NIR offers many advantages, a notable drawback is that the devices are often bulky, weighing over several kilos. The goal of this study was to explore the potential of using a handheld grain quality analyzer for assessing protein content in hulless barley samples. The protein and moisture content of 93 hulless barley samples were assessed using the handheld GrainSense Analyzer (Oulu, Finland), which weighs 820 grams without the batteries by calibration curve for barley2. Of these, 26 hulless barley samples were selected for further measurements, where the protein content differed by approximately 0.5% while range of protein content was between 7.85 and 19.15% dry basis matter. Additionally, using standard the Dumas combustion-based method for determination protein content and the drying method for measuring moisture content, these parameters were re-determined in 26 selected samples. After that, the protein content was expressed as a dry matter basis. The study results revealed a positive correlation between the commonly used method and the handheld grain quality analyzer, with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.879. However three samples with protein content determined at NIR was below 10% and excluded from calculation of calibration curve, because values of protein content were differ from Dumas method. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the handheld analyzer could be effective for determining protein levels in hulless barley samples if GrainSense develop the calibration curve for hulless barley
Bacillus velezensis: a natural shield against black rot disease on Serbian autochthonous cabbage cv. Futoški
No full textSerbian autochthonous cabbage cv. Futoški is highly susceptible to the plant pathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, the causal agent of black rot, leading to significant economic losses. This study aimed to isolate indigenous Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. strains with beneficial traits for biocontrol of black rot. From a total of 115 potential antagonistic strains, four (coded as P-FC 55, RD-FC 88, R-FC 102, And R-FC 114) identified as species Bacillus velezensis were selected as candidates based on strong in vitro antagonistic activity, both as whole cultures and cell-free supernatants, against the most virulent X. campestris pv. campestris strain (XcFC 231) identified in this study. No statistically significant differences were observed between the efficacy of whole cultures and supernatants of biocontrol candidates. Preventive inoculation approaches (seed and foliar) of biocontrol candidates consistently outperformed curative treatments across all strains, highlighting their potential as preferred application strategies. The most effective B. velezensis strain was RD-FC 88, applied in the form of a whole culture during preventive foliar application, achieving 93.86% disease suppression, surpassing copper oxychloride (89.26%) under the same conditions. Chemical profiling (GC/MS and UHPLC–QToF MS) of ethyl acetate extracts revealed the presence of a wide range of antimicrobial organic compounds (e.g., 2,3-butanediol, urea, succinic acid, thymine, phenylalanine, 9H-purin-6-ol) and lipopeptides (surfactins C12–C17), which may be contributing factors to the biocontrol activity of the strains. Next to the surfactins, molecular screening for the presence of genes encoding the production of lipopeptides with antimicrobial activity indicated the potential of strains to produce bacillomycin D and iturins (except R-FC 114) under certain growing conditions. Preventive application (seed and foliar) of biocontrol candidate strains led to an increase in epidermal flavonoid and chlorophyll content, while the opposite trend was observed in curative treatments. The results of this study highlight the strong potential of the B. velezensis strains P-FC 55, RD-FC 88, R-FC 102, And R-FC 114 for controlling black rot disease on the cabbage cv. Futoški, with possible broader applicability to other cabbage cultivars and Brassicaceae crops
CARINA.WP2.T2.5.5. Bioherbicide Tests Serbia.V1
No full textThis dataset shows the assessment of the efficacy of bioherbicide candidates against the invasive weed species redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus, AMARE) and common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia, AMBEL) in laboratory and greenhouse trials at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad, Serbia in April 2024 within the Horizon Europe project CARINA. The tested bioherbicides were provided by project partner KIMITEC BIOGROUP SL, Spain. Bioassays of the effects of the mentioned candidates on inhibition of AMBEL germination and were in stages 12-14 of the BBCH scale. In all variants, the nonionic surfactant Trend 90 (0.1% v/v) was added, while in the camelina oil treatment, Tween 20 (5%) was added to form a stable emulsion. A phytotoxic effect on young plants of AMARE and AMBEL applied after weed emergence were performed. The effect on germination of common ragweed was examined in petri dishes in the laboratory from April 12 to 19, 2024, and a whole plant bioassay in greenhouse with common ragweed and pigweed grown in pots from April 3 to May 1, 2024. In the germination test in Petri dishes, AMBEL seeds were germinated at 25°C in the presence of four concentrations of Wood vinegar, Candidates A-H, Camelina oil and Brassica carinata oil (concentrations: 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2%). All treatments had an untreated control and were in 4 replicates. Germination percentage was evaluated after 7 days. Candidates from A to H exhibited an inhibitory effect on AMBEL seed germination at all tested concentrations. In contrast, with wood vinegar, there was no effect on the germination of AMBEL seeds with carinata oil and camelina oil a weaker inhibitory effect was found at an otherwise small % of AMBEL seed germination in untreated check. The bioassay in order to examine the selected candidates applied post-emergence was performed in the glasshouse in four repetitions, where each repetition was represented by four AMARE plants per pot and three AMBEL plants per pot. The effects of applying potential candidates for bioherbicides manufactured by Kimitec were examined: wood vinegar, candidates from A to H, Camelina oil and Brassica carinata oil. The tested candidates were applied at concentrations of 0% (untreated check), 1%, 2.5%, 5% and 10% (v/v) when the weed plants laboratory sprayer, TeeJet XR11002VS nozzle, 2.5 bar pressure and 400 l/ha of water were used for application. Phytotoxicity was visually evaluated based on a scale of 0-100% (0 - no damage to plants, 100% - completely dead plants) after 1, 3 and 7 days from application of the candidate. Also, after seven days, the above-ground fresh mass of the plants was determined. The statistical software R (4.3.3.) and the drc package were used to analyze the data and determine the doses that cause 50 and 90% leaf necrosis and general phytotoxicity (ED50 and ED90).The following conference abstract published in Serbian uses data from this dataset: Krstić, J., Malidža, G., & Marjanović-Jeromela, A. (2024). Herbicidni potencijal različitih koncentracija biljnih ulja i ekstrakata na korovske vrste Amaranthus retroflexus L. i Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. in Zbornik rezimea, 12. Kongres o korovima i savetovanje o herbicidima i regulatorima rasta, 23-26.09.2024, Veliko Gradište, Srbija, 77-77. [https://fiver.ifvcns.rs/handle/123456789/5692]This dataset is connected to: Biostimulator Germination Tests Serbia [https://fiver.ifvcns.rs/handle/123456789/5701]This dataset is connected to: Bioinsecticide Tests Serbia [https://fiver.ifvcns.rs/handle/123456789/5703
Etnobotanička analiza divljeg povrća koje se koriste u ishrani i u lekovite svrhe
No full textThe present study deals with ethnobotanical survey of wild vegetables used as food and medicines in North Macedonia. For obtaining information about traditional uses of wild vegetables in North Macedonia 84 respondents were interviewed using structural designed questionnaires, from March to June 2023. 78.6 % of respondents practiced picking wild vegetables, while 94 % of respondents consumed wild vegetables. Obtained results showed that the fourteen plant species from eleven botanical families were recorded as wild vegetables. Most of the mentioned wild vegetables belong to the Polygonaceae family. The botanical family, scientific name, folk name, used plant parts, culinary and medicinal use as well as the relative frequency of citation index (RFC) of wild vegetables are shown for each of the plant species. In this research, Urtica dioica L. is the species with the highest relative frequency of citation index (0.25). Also, it was found that among the edible parts, leaves are dominant (59 %). Ethnobоtanical studies are key to finding ways to use natural plant resources, and therefore such research should be continued in the future.Ova studija bavi se etnobotaničkim istraživanjem divljeg povrća koje se koristi u ishrani i lekovite svrhe u Severnoj Makedoniji. Za dobijanje informacija o tradicionalnoj upotrebi divljeg povrća u Severnoj Makedoniji 84 ispitanika intervjuisano je pomoću strukturno dizajniranih upitnika, od marta do juna 2023. 78,6 % ispitanika bavilo se branjem samoniklog povrća, dok je 94 % ispitanika konzumiralo samoniklo povrće. Dobijeni rezultati pokazali su da je četrnaest biljnih vrsta iz jedanaest botaničkih porodica evidentirano kao samoniklo povrće. Većina navedenog divljeg povrća pripada porodici Polygonacea. Za svaku biljnu vrstu prikazana je botanička porodica, naučni naziv, narodni naziv, korišteni delovi biljke, kulinarska i medicinska upotreba kao i indeks relativne učestalosti citiranja (RFC) samoniklog povrća. U ovom istraživanju Urtica dioica L. je vrsta s najvećim indeksom relativne učestalosti citiranosti (0,25). Takođe, utvrđeno je da među jestivim delovima dominira lišće (59 %). Etnobotanička istraživanja ključna su za pronalaženje načina iskorištavanja prirodnih biljnih resursa, pa bi takva istraživanja trebalo nastaviti i u budućnosti
Agroforestry and organic agriculture: synergy for sustainable production
No full textThe function of agroforestry in sustainability of organic agriculture was presented in this paper. The objective was to analyse the interaction between agroforestry and organic agriculture in relation to the production increase, biodiversity preservation and diminishing of adverse effects of climate changes. Agroforestry provides a variety of advantages in ecology and economy, including the improvement in soil fertility, water conservation, erosion control, and enhanced resilience to climate change. The application of these methods in organic farming reduces the need for chemical pesticides and synthetic fertilisers, thereby protecting the health of ecosystems and local communities. The paper also addresses the challenges faced by farmers in implementing agroforestry systems in organic production, such as high initial costs, the need for specialised knowledge, and market barriers. Through case studies from various regions, the paper highlights the effectiveness of agroforestry as a strategy for enhancing agricultural sustainability in the framework of the increase in world population and global warming. It offers proposals for forthcoming studies and strategic plans to provide the accomplishment of these systems with the purpose of attaining enduring sustainability and sufficient quantity of inexpensive and healthy food