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Beneficial effects of pomegranate peel extract on plasma lipid profile, fatty acids levels and blood pressure in patients with diabetes mellitus type-2: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Get PDFPomegranate peel contains high levels of various phytochemicals. We evaluated the effects of pomegranate peel extract (PoPEx) consumption on plasma lipid profile, fatty acids (FA) level and blood pressure (BP) in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2). Thirty-seven subjects were recruited in this double blind, placebo controlled randomized trial. The study group (n = 19) received over 8 week's capsules containing PoPEx twice a daily, while the placebo group received placebo. Treatment with PoPEx induced a significant lowering of both systolic and diastolic BP. The plasma levels of triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (LDL-C/HDL-C), and HbA1c were significantly decreased, while the level of HDL-C was significantly increased, compared with placebo intake. Moreover, the PoPEX treatment significantly improved the plasma lipids fatty acids content. It is concluded that consumption of PoPEx in DMT2 subject had favourable effects on some metabolic parameters, BP, lipid profile and plasma lipid FA composition
Is There a Link between Zinc Intake and Status with Plasma Fatty Acid Profile and Desaturase Activities in Dyslipidemic Subjects?
Get PDFThe prevalence of obesity and dyslipidemia has increased worldwide. The role of trace elements in the pathogenesis of these conditions is not well understood. This study examines the relationship between dietary zinc (Zn) intake and plasma concentrations of Zn, copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) with lipid profile indicators, fatty acid composition in plasma phospholipids and desaturase enzyme activities in a dyslipidemic population. The role of the newly proposed biomarker of Zn status, the linoleic:dihomo-gama-linolenic acid (LA:DGLA) ratio, in predicting Zn status of dyslipidemic subjects has been explored. The study included 27 dyslipidemic adults, 39-72 years old. Trace elements were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry and fatty acid composition by a liquid gas chromatography. Desaturase activities were calculated from product-precursor fatty acid ratios. Dietary data were obtained using 24 h recall questionnaires. Insufficient dietary intake of Zn, low plasma Zn concentrations and an altered Cu:Zn ratio is related to modified fatty acid profile in subjects with dyslipidemia. Plasma Zn status was associated with obesity. There was no correlation between dietary Zn intake and plasma Zn status. The LA:DGLA ratio was inversely linked to dietary Zn intake. Cu, in addition to Zn, may directly or indirectly, affect the activity of desaturase enzymes
The effects of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning and apocynin treatment in postischemic acute kidney injury induced in spontaneously hypertensive rats
No full textMarked epithelial to mesenchymal transition in surgical margins of oral cancer-an in vitro study
Get PDFEpithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a feature of several types of human cancer, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In the present study, tumor and margin cell cultures obtained from patients with OSCC were used to determine the expression patterns of certain EMT-associated markers, including vimentin, alpha -smooth muscle actin, SLUG and SNAIL. In addition, other EMT-associated features, including clonal, proliferative and migratory potential were compared between the two cell types. Cell cultures were generated from tumor and margin tissue samples from 6 patients and cultured up to the fifth passage. EMT marker expression was assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Cell proliferation, colony formation and scratch wound healing assays were conducted to characterize the two cell types in terms of proliferation rates, clonality and motility. All of the studied markers were expressed in tumor and margin cells. Although no significant differences were noted with regard to the aforementioned markers, their expression tended to be higher in margin cultures than in tumor cultures. The expressions of the EMT markers were also higher in the fifth passage compared with those noted at the first with a few exceptions. The rates of proliferation and cell migration were decreased during passages, while the number of colonies was increased in both types of cell culture. Tumor and margin cells indicated certain similarities with regard to EMT transition characteristics
Diverse regulation of HIF-1 on VEGF in renal cell carcinoma
No full textThe clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) can be sporadic or familiar,
with the mutated von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene. The inactive VHL protein
prevents degradation of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) that promotes
overexpression of angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth
factor (VEGF) and erythropoietin (EPO). Sequencing and multiplex ligation-
dependent probe amplification (MLPA) of VHL gene in 43 samples of
ccRCC in tumors vs surrounding healthy tissues revealed 27 somatic mutations.
Further, testing the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) among 27 samples
showed 23 biallelic and 4 monoallelic alterations in VHL gene. We detected
an increase in VEGF mRNA and protein with a low HIF-1 gene expression
in ccRCC compared to healthy tissue. To observe HIF-1 induction of VEGF
mRNA, we examined tumors without or with VHL mutation (monoallelic
and biallelic). In comparison to normal renal tissue, we observed a significant
induction of VEGF mRNA expression in wild type tumor samples with
a progressive increase in samples with monoallelic and biallelic inactivation
of VHL. The human RCC 786-O cell line, a model with biallelic inactivation
of VHL, demonstrated significant proliferation after 48 h at 21% and 3%
oxygen. The human RCC Caki-1 cell line, a model with a wild type VHL,
showed very slow proliferative effect at normal and low oxygen tension
compared to 786-O cells, with significant changes after 48 h at normal oxygen
tension and 10% FBS. HIF-1 protein expression was increased at low
serum at 21% and 3% oxygen, both in 786-O and Caki1 cell lines. VEGF
protein expression was generally low at 3% oxygen tension in 786-O cells,
while it was induced at 3% and 21% oxygen after 24 h and 48 h, respectively
at 10% FBS in Caki1 cells. Inactivation of VHL stimulated VEGF
protein expression in RCC tumor tissues, but not in 786-O cell line. Hypoxia
stimulated both VEGF and HIF-1 protein expression in Caki1 cell lines,
regardless of VHL inactivation. Our data suggest diverse regulation of HIF-1
on VEGF, depending on VHL alternation, hypoxia and nutrition situation in
tumor and RCC cell line
Stavovi roditelja dece sa smetnjama u razvoju o nastavi na daljinu
Get PDFU vreme epidemije virusa COVID-19 u Republici Srbiji organizovana je nastava na daljinu u svim obrazovnim institucijama. Budući da su deca sa smetnjama u razvoju takođe bila uključena u ovaj vid nastave, cilj ovog istraživanja je bio da se ispitaju stavovi i iskustva njihovih roditelja sa nastavom na daljinu. U istraživanju je učestvovao 61 ispitanik, a kao instrument autori su koristili prilagođenu verziju upitnika o stavovima roditelja o nastavi na daljinu, čija je originalna verzija primenjena u istraživanju sprovedenom u Kini. Ispitanicima je upitnik dodeljen u elektronskoj formi. Rezultati du obrađeni korišćenjem metoda deskriptivne i inferencijalne statistike. Kako je pokazala statistička analiza, roditelji koji su više vremena provodili sa svojom decom u ispunjavanju školskih obaveza nego inače, kao i roditelji sa višim stepenom obrazovanja imali su negativnije stavove o nastavi na daljinu. Takođe, pokazalo se da su stavovi roditelja prema nastavi na daljinu pretežno negativni, kao i da interakcija roditelja sa nastavnicima igra značajnu ulogu u tome koliko su roditelji zadovoljni nastavom na daljinu. Ovakvi nalazi upućuju na to da je prilikom planiranja i organizacije nastave na daljinu nužno podsticati interakciju i saradnju roditelja, škola i ove dece, uzimajući u obzir njihove specifične potrebe
The force-velocity relationship obtained during the squat jump exercise is meaningfully influenced by the initial knee angle
No full textoai:rimi.imi.bg.ac.rs:123456789/4This study aimed to compare the magnitude of the force-velocity (F-V) relationship parameters (maximum force [F-0], maximum velocity [V-0], F-V slope, and maximum power [P-max]) between the squat jumps (SJ) performed from different knee angles. The F-V relationships of 12 men were assessed in 3 sessions during the SJ performed from a knee angle of 80 degrees (SJ80), 90 degrees (SJ90) and 100 degrees (SJ100). The SJ100 provided likely to very likely higher values of F-0 and P-max compared to SJ80 (86% and 98%, respectively) and SJ90 (73% and 94%, respectively), while unclear and trivial differences were observed for the remaining comparisons. The magnitude of the correlations between the 3 SJ types was very large to nearly perfect for P-max (r range = 0.864 to 0.940), moderate to very large for F-0 (r range = 0.438 to 0.778), and small to large for V-0 (r range = 0.361 to 0.642) and the F-V slope (r range = 0.178 to 0.645). These results suggest that the F-V relationship assessed during the SJ exercise is affected by the initial knee angle with the increase of the knee angle from 80 degrees to 100 degrees being associated with higher values of F-0 and P-max, while V-0 remains unchanged
Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Supplementation in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Review of Human Studies
Get PDFBeing characterized by progressive and severe damage in neuronal cells, neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are the major cause of disability and morbidity in the elderly, imposing a significant economic and social burden. As major components of the central nervous system, lipids play important roles in neural health and pathology. Disturbed lipid metabolism, particularly lipid peroxidation (LPO), is associated with the development of many NDDs, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), all of which show elevated levels of LPO products and LPO-modified proteins. Thus, the inhibition of neuronal oxidation might slow the progression and reduce the severity of NDD; natural antioxidants, such as polyphenols and antioxidant vitamins, seem to be the most promising agents. Here, we summarize current literature data that were derived from human studies on the effect of natural polyphenols and vitamins A, C, and E supplementation in patients with AD, PD, and ALS. Although these compounds may reduce the severity and slow the progression of NDD, research gaps remain in antioxidants supplementation in AD, PD, and ALS patients, which indicates that further human studies applying antioxidant supplementation in different forms of NDDs are urgently needed
IL6 inhibition of inflammatory S100A8/9 proteins is NF-kappa B mediated in essential thrombocythemia
No full textThis study has been performed to determine the mechanism of activation of the myeloid related S100A proteins by inflammatory cytokines in myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN). Besides microarray analysis of MPN-derived CD34(+) cells, we analysed the pro-inflammatory IL6 and anti-inflammatory IL10 dependence of NF-kappa B, PI3K-AKT, and JAK-STAT signalling during induction of S100A proteins in mononuclear cells of MPN, by immunoblotting and flow cytometry. We observed the reduced gene expression linked to NF-kappa B and inflammation signalling in MPN-derived CD34(+) cells. Both IL6 and IL10 reduced S100A8 and 100A9 protein levels mediated via NF-kappa B and PI3K signalling, respectively, in mononuclear cells of essential thrombocythemia (ET). We also determined the increased percentage of S100A8 and S100A9 positive granulocytes in ET and primary myelofibrosis, upgraded by the JAK2V617F mutant allele burden. S100A8/9 heterodimer induced JAK1/2-dependent mitotic arrest of the ET-derived granulocytes. Significance of the study We demonstrated that inflammation reduced the myeloid related S100A8/9 proteins by negative feedback mechanism in ET. S100A8/9 can be a diagnostic marker of inflammation in MPN, supported by the concomitant NF-kappa B and JAK1/2 signalling inhibition in regulation of myeloproliferation and therapy of MPN
Efekti hrane obogaćene ribljim brašnom i mlekom u prahu na antioksidativne enzime i lipidnu peroksidaciju u jetri ženki pacova Wistar soja - pilot studija
Get PDFBackground/Aim. Recently, there has been an increased interest in novel dietary antioxidants, including omega-3 fatty acids and bioactive proteins present in milk. The aim of this study was to examine potential antioxidant effects of four-weeks long fish-based and milk-based diets in female Wistar rats. Methods. Four-months old rats were divided into three groups receiving either: control diet, diet enriched with fish meal, or diet enriched with milk. The activities of antioxidant enzymes: glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were determined in liver homogenates obtained at the end of the treatment period. Results. Statistically significant higher activities of GPx (3.52 ± 0.73 U/mg) and CAT (147.25 ± 15.93 U/mg) were detected in rats fed with fishbased meal in comparison with both the control (GPx: 1.93 ± 0.11 U/mg; CAT: 99.37 ± 10.03 U/mg) and the group fed with milk-based diet (GPx: 1.72 ± 0.52 U/mg; CAT: 104.18 ± 37.49 U/mg). Despite somewhat lower concentration of TBARS in the milk-treated group (0.88 ± 0.23 nmoL/mg), no significant differences were detected in comparison with other groups (the control group: 1.00 ± 0.08 nmoL/mg; the fish-based diet group: 1.13 ± 0.15 nmoL/mg). Conclusion. Diet enriched with fish could improve one's oxidative status by enhancing activities of antioxidant enzymes in the liver tissue. On the contrary, we failed to obtain results suggesting that milk could serve as a source of dietary antioxidants.Uvod/Cilj. U poslednje vreme povećano je interesovanje za istraživanja novih antioksidanasa u ishrani, uključujući omega-3 masne kiseline i bioaktivne proteine prisutne u mleku. Cilj ove studije bio je ispitivanje potencijalnih antioksidativnih efekata hrane obogaćene ribljim brašnom i hrane obogaćene mlekom u prahu kod ženki Wistar pacova, u trajanju od četiri nedelje. Metode. Pacovi, starosti četiri meseca, podeljeni su u tri grupe koje su bile hranjene standardnom hranom (kontrolna grupa), hranom obogaćenom ribljim brašnom i hranom obogaćenom mlekom u prahu. U homogenatima jetre, posle četiri nedelje, određene su aktivnosti antioksidativnih enzima: glutation peroksidaze (GPx), superoksid dismutaze (SOD) i katalaze (CAT), kao i koncentracija reaktivnih supstanci tiobarbiturne kiseline (TBARS). Rezultati. Statistički značajno veće aktivnosti GPx (3,52 ± 0,73 U/mg) i CAT (147,25 ± 15,93 U/mg) nađene su kod pacova koji su dobijali hranu obogaćenu ribljim brašnom u odnosu na kontrolu (GPx: 1,93 ± 0,11 U/mg; CAT: 99,37 ± 10,03 U/mg) i grupu koja je hranjena hranom obogaćenom mlekom u prahu (GPx: 1,72 ± 0,52 U/mg; CAT: 104,18 ± 37,49 U/mg). Uprkos nešto nižoj koncentraciji TBARS u grupi koja je primala hranu obogaćenu mlekom u prahu (0,88 ± 0,23 nmoL/mg), nisu utvrđene statistički značajne razlike u poređenju sa drugim grupama (kontrola: 1,00 ± 0,08 nmoL/mg; grupa na ishrani obogaćenoj ribljim brašnom: 1,13 ± 0,15 nmoL/mg). Zaključak. Ishrana bogata ribom mogla bi delovati povoljno na oksidativni status preko poboljšanja aktivnosti antioksidativnih enzima jetre. Sa druge strane, rezultati ne pokazuju da bi mleko moglo biti dobar izvor dijetarnih antioksidanasa