1696 research outputs found
Sort by
Crosstalk between nitric oxide and purinergic signalling in macrophage-tumor cell interactions
No full textINTRODUCTION: High concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) within tumor microenvironment are known to initiate tumor cell apoptosis, whereas low NO concentrations promote tumor growth and metastasis. Macrophages are the central players in the tumor microenvironment and the main source
of locally produced NO in the tumor niche. Purinergic signalling has been shown to be an important regulator of macrophage function and polarization,but its interaction with NO in the tumor
niche is still unknown
Veza između veličine čestica i sadržaja imunoglobulina u imunokompleksima u reumatidnom artritisu
No full textGalactose expression on monomeric and dimeric forms of IgA paraprotein from serum of patients with monoclonal gammopathy
No full textIgA monoclonal gammopathies can include various
disorders, such as IgA myeloma, monoclonal
gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) with
IgA component, and IgA-related disorders. IgA myeloma
accounts only 20% myeloma cases. However, IgA
myeloma is prognostically unfavourable, and often
accompanied by kidney, bone, and blood diseases. Some
of monoclonal IgA complications are related to their
structural characteristics. Thus, monoclonal IgA might be
highly polymerized causing hyperviscosity syndrome
(mucosal bleeding, visual and neurological
abnormalities). Monoclonal IgA express O- and N-linked
glycans, but their glycans can be different from those
expressed on polyclonal IgA of healthy people. In
addition, it was reported that loss of Gal residue on the
glycans of the IgA hinge region results in the IgA
deposits and nephropathy.2024 Annual Congress of the European Association for Cancer Research (EACR 2024), Rotterdam,
The Netherlands, 10-13 June 2024, Rotterdam
(Molecular Oncology 18 (Suppl. 1) (2024), page 445
Retrospective of our research on oral zeolite supplementation effects in calves and peripartum dairy cows
No full textOur research has long been focused on the effect of oral supplementation with zeolite in calves and dairy cows. We showed that blood serum lgG level in new-born calves fed 0.75 L of colostrum with natural zeolite (clinoptilolite)(5 g/L) was equal to the lgG level in the
calves receiving 1.5 L ofcolostrom without clinoptilolite. We also showed that the lgG concentration in colostrum of primiparous dairy cows orally supplemtented with organically modified clinoptilolite (150 g/day, from day 20 prior to day 2 after calving), 2 and 12 hours
after calving was hiqher than in control cows. This supplementation also contributed to the effective redox imbalance adaptation during peripartum period. No adverse effects of the supplementation on the cow's enerqy status, protein, lipid, and mineral metabolism
were observed. 0ur results confirm a beneficial effect of oral zeolite supplementation on
the coloslrum quality and colostral IgG absorption
Hyperbaric Oxygen Reduces Oxidative Stress Impairment and DNA Damage and Simultaneously Increases HIF-1α in Ischemia–Reperfusion Acute Kidney Injury
No full textThe central exacerbating factor in the pathophysiology of ischemic–reperfusion acute kidney injury (AKI) is oxidative stress. Lipid peroxidation and DNA damage in ischemia are accompanied by the formation of 3-nitrotyrosine, a biomarker for oxidative damage. DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) may also be a result of postischemic AKI. γH2AX(S139) histone has been identified as a potentially useful biomarker of DNA DSBs. On the other hand, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is the “master switch” for hypoxic adaptation in cells and tissues. The aim of this research was to evaluate the influence of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) preconditioning on antioxidant capacity estimated by FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power) and ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) assay, as well as on oxidative stress parameter 3-nitrotyrosine, and to assess its effects on γH2AX(S139), HIF-1α, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression, in an experimental model of postischemic AKI induced in spontaneously hypertensive rats. The animals were divided randomly into three experimental groups: sham-operated rats (SHAM, n = 6), rats with induced postischemic AKI (AKI, n = 6), and group exposed to HBO preconditioning before AKI induction (AKI + HBO, n = 6). A significant improvement in the estimated glomerular filtration rate, eGFR, in AKI + HBO group (p < 0.05 vs. AKI group) was accompanied with a significant increase in plasma antioxidant capacity estimated by FRAP (p < 0.05 vs. SHAM group) and a reduced immunohistochemical expression of 3-nitrotyrosine and γH2AX(S139). Also, HBO pretreatment significantly increased HIF-1α expression (p < 0.001 vs. AKI group), estimated by Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis in kidney tissue, and decreased immunohistochemical NF-κB renal expression (p < 0.01). Taking all of these results together, we may conclude that HBO preconditioning has beneficial effects on acute kidney injury induced in spontaneously hypertensive rats
Analysis of the dependence of the observed urban air pollution extremes in the vicinity of coal fuelled power plants on combined effects of anthropogenic and meteorological drivers
No full textIn this paper we assessed effects of changes of meteorological drivers, taken from datasets of observational records and modelling outputs, and human-made pollution, derived from records of energy production, on the mainly wintertime extreme observed values of urban particulate matter (PM) concentrations in the relative vicinity of coal fuelled thermoelectric power plants (TPPs) in Montenegro and Serbia. We used wavelet transform analysis, together with the dependency analysis and analysis of averages of climatic conditions, to study temporal dynamics of urban air pollution extremes in the vicinity of TPPs, the coincidence of their changes with observed levels of SO2 and NO2 concentrations in the air, and dependence of PM changes on several possible meteorological and anthropogenic drivers. We found that PM variations in urban areas are most probably caused by PM-SO2/NO2 coincidences that appear after a 2- to 3-h time lags needed for transformation of SO2/NO2 TPP emissions into PM particles, if pollution is caused by TPP emissions alone. When other causes of PM variations than the TPP production exist, we found that PM-SO2/NO2 correlations appear at time ranges from several hours to several days. In our analysis only the changes in the planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) coincided with the drive to extremes in PM values, at PBLH levels lower than 300m. Following these findings, we suggested that PM extremes in our sample could be viewed as preconditioned compound events, where TPP and urban heating emissions provide preconditions for PM extremes and PBLH serves as a major meteorological driver to such events
Ixodid ticks and zoonotic tick-borne pathogens of the Western Balkans
Get PDFIxodid ticks are distributed across all countries of the Western Balkans, with a high diversity of species. Many of these species serve as vectors of pathogens of veterinary and medical importance. Given the scattered data from Western Balkan countries, we have conducted a comprehensive review of available literature, including some historical data, with the aim to compile information about all recorded tick species and associated zoonotic pathogens in this region. Based on the collected data, the tick fauna of the Western Balkans encompasses 32 tick species belonging to five genera: Ixodes, Haemaphysalis, Dermacentor, Rhipicephalus and Hyalomma. A range of pathogens responsible for human diseases has also been documented, including viruses, bacteria and parasites. In this review, we emphasize the necessity for integrated surveillance and reporting, urging authorities to foster research by providing financial support. Additionally, international and interdisciplinary collaborations should be encouraged that include the exchange of expertise, experiences and resources. The present collaborative effort can effectively address gaps in our knowledge of ticks and tick-borne diseases
Genotyping of Leptospira spp. in wild rats leads to first time detection of L. kirshneri serovar Mozdok in Serbia
Get PDFIntroduction: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and molecular characterization of Leptospira species in Belgrade, Serbia, an area where this disease is underexplored. Specifically, the study sought to employ molecular and multilocus sequence typing analyses to fill the gap in understanding the diversity and distribution of Leptospira species within the region. Methods: A comprehensive molecular analysis was conducted on kidney samples obtained from Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) in the urban environment. The study utilized molecular diagnostic techniques including real-time PCR targeting the lipL32 gene and performing sequence-based typing schemes utilizing adk, icdA, lipL32, lipL41, rrs2, and secY genes. These methodologies were applied to ascertain the presence and characterize different Leptospira species and serovars, respectively. Results: The findings revealed the presence of two Leptospira species and three separate serovars in the Belgrade area. This study identified the presence of L. kirschneri serovar Mozdok in Serbia for the first time, a significant discovery previously undocumented in the region. This pioneering investigation sheds light on the molecular diversity and prevalence of Leptospira species in Serbia. Discussion: The study underscores the importance of employing molecular typing methods to gain insights into the epidemiology and characterization of Leptospira species. These findings significantly contribute to both local and global perspectives on leptospirosis epidemiology, providing vital insights for the development of effective control strategies and interventions. Summary: In our recent study, we explored the presence and performed molecular typing of the Leptospira species, the bacteria responsible for leptospirosis, in wild rats in Serbia. This was the first time such a study was conducted in the region. Leptospirosis is a serious disease that affects both animals and humans, often transmitted through contact with water contaminated by infected animals. Our focus was on understanding which types of Leptospira were present in these animals. Excitingly, we discovered a particular strain of Leptospira, known as L. kirshneri serovar Mozdok, for the first time in Serbia. This finding is significant because it sheds light on the presence and spread of different Leptospira serovars in Serbia. It also raises awareness about the potential health risks associated with this serovar, which was previously unknown in the area. Our work fits into a broader context of disease surveillance and public health. By identifying the types of Leptospira present in a specific region, we can better understand the risks to public health and take steps to prevent and control the spread of leptospirosis. This discovery is not just important for scientists studying infectious diseases; it has real implications for public health officials, veterinarians, and anyone concerned with preventing and treating leptospirosis. Our findings highlight the need for ongoing monitoring of Leptospira in wildlife and synanthropic fauna, to protect both animal and human health
Further evaluation of oxidative balans markers in rats’ brains following subacute exposure of oxime K027
No full textIntroduction: Our previously published data have demonstrated that oxime K027, as one of most promising K-oximes, showed the lowest subacute brain injuries [1-3]. Accordingly, we continued investigation into the relationship between different markers of oxidative stress in the brain of Wistar rats induced by repeated application of low doses of standard acetylcholinesterase reactivators (asoxime and obidoxime), and oxime K027
Underutilized plants increase biodiversity, improve food and nutrition security, reduce malnutrition, and enhance human health and well-being. Let’s put them back on the plate!
No full textThe global food system depends on a limited number of plant species. Plants with unsatisfactory nutritional value are overproduced, whereas the wide variety of nutrient-rich plant species used in earlier times remains neglected. Basing our diet on a few crops has wide-ranging negative consequences on nutrition and food security. Although still under-researched, underutilized plants are slowly starting to receive increased recognition. These plants have superior nutritional content and immense potential to contribute to food and nutrition security and increased sustainability. This narrative review provides evidence to encourage the promotion, domestication, and commercialization of underutilized plants. The anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anticancer effects of some of underutilized plants are presented in this review. The outstanding ability of forgotten plants to increase food and nutrition security, boost dietary diversity, reduce malnutrition, and enhance human health and well-being is demonstrated. The main barriers and obstacles to reintroducing underutilized foods are reviewed and recommendations for overcoming nutrition and dietary-related challenges for re-establishing underutilized plants into the global food system are presented. The expansion of underutilized plants for human use is of paramount importance. The exceptional nutritional properties, bioactive potential, and proven health benefits of underutilized plants indicate that increased promotion, domestication, and commercialization of these plants should be strongly supported. Besides health benefits, marginalized plants have the potential to enhance human well-being and improve people’s lives in many ways, retain biodiversity, and develop local economies. Therefore, underutilized plants should be used in the broader context of well-balanced and healthy diets