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Supresivni efekti NPY na funkcije granulocita kod pacova: uloga Y2 i У5 receptora
No full textPoznato je da neuropeptid Y (NPY) moduliše aktivnost ćelija urođene
imunosti koje učestvuju u razvoju lokalne inflamatorne reakcije.
Efekti NPY su posredovani različitim podtipovima У receptora (Y1—5)
i zavise od aktivacije ćelija i prisustva dipeptidil peptidaze 4 (DP4),
enzima koji je odgovoran za razgradnju NPY do peptida koji nema
afinitet za Y1 receptor. Cilj rada bio је da se ispita uticaj NPY na lokalnu
inflamaciju indukovanu ubrizgavanjem lipopolisaharıda (LPS) u
dorzalni vazdušni mehur Dark Agouti (DA) pacova, kao i sposobnost
NPY da u in vitro uslovima moduliše aktivnost granulocita periferne
krvi stimulisanih LPS-om. Imajući u vidu da granulociti ispoljavaju više
podtipova Y receptora u eksperimentima su pored NPY korišćeni razliciti
agonisti i antagonisti specifični za Y1, Y2 i Y5 receptore. Rezultati
su pokazali da NPY direktno ubrizgan u dorzalni vazdušni mehur
značajno smanjuje broj ćelija na mestu inflamacije, kao i da suprimira
njihovu sposobnost adhezije (merena aktivnošću mijeloperoksidaze),
fagocitoze zimozana (merena redukcijom tetrazolijum soli) i produkci-
Je NO (merena Griessovom reakcijom). Primenom agonista i antagonista
specifičnih za pojedine podtipove Y receptora utvrđeno je da su
Y2 ı YS receptori uključeni u supresiju adhezije i produkcije МО ćelija
iz vazdušnog mehura, dok je supresija fagocitoze posredovana Y2 receptorima.
Nasuprot ovim nalazima, NPY posredstvom Y1 receptora
stimuliše sposobnost adhezije i fagocitoze granulocita periferne krvi.
Takođe je pokazano da razlike u efektima NPY in vivo i in vitro potiču
od visoke aktivnosti enzima DP4 u plazmi DA pacova
Carbon monoxide levels in blood of smokers and non-smokers determined by gas chromatography
No full textCarbon monoxide (CO) is one of the most important environmental
pollutants that humans are exposed to from the earliest days. It can
cause accidental, professional and suicidal acute poisonings. However,
recent studies showed that chronic exposure to CO can also cause
serious health problems. Since tobacco smoke contains high amounts
of CO, smoking can be regarded as a relevant source of prolonged
exposure of general population to this toxic agent
Neonatal androgenization affects the efficiency of beta-adrenoceptor-mediated modulation of thymopoiesis
No full textWe tested the hypothesis that neonatal androgenization affects the efficacy of beta-adrenoceptor (beta-AR)-mediated fine tuning of thymopoiesis in adult female rats by modulating the thymic noradrenaline (NA) level and/or beta-AR expression. In adult rats administered with 1000 mu g testosterone enanthate at postnatal day 2 a higher density of catecholamine (CA)-synthesizing thymic cells, including thymocytes, and a rise in their CA content was found. In addition, in these animals increased thymic noradrenergic nerve fiber fluorescence intensity, reflecting their increased CA content, was detected. These changes were followed by an increase in thymic NA concentration. The rise in thymic NA content in thymic nerve fibers and cells was associated with changes in the expression of mRNA for enzymes controling pivotal steps in NA biosynthesis (tyrosine hydroxylase, dopamine-beta-hydroxylase) and inactivation (monoamine oxidase). In contrast, the thymic level of beta(2)-AR mRNA on a per cell basis and the receptor surface density on thymocytes was reduced in testosterone-treated (TT) rats. As a consequence, 14-day-long treatment with propranolol, a beta-AR blocker, was ineffective in modulating T-cell differentiation/maturation in TT rats. In conclusion, the study indicates the importance of the neonatal sex steroid milieu for shaping the immunomodulatory capacity of the thymic NA/beta-AR signaling system in adult rats. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Impact of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus mite body raw material on house dust mite allergy diagnosis in a Serbian population
No full textHouse dust mite (HDM) allergy has different clinical and immunological patterns in different geographic regions. The impact of raw material of commercial Dermatophadoides pteronyssinus (Acari: Pyroglyphidae) mite bodies on the quality of allergen extracts for allergy diagnosis in the Serbian population has not been previously evaluated. House dust mite bodies obtained from manufacturers in Europe, South America and Australia were used in the preparation of allergen extracts for in vivo diagnosis and serological analysis in a group of 14 HDM-allergic adults. In the group of mite-allergic patients, there was no statistically significant difference in skin test reactivity (Wilcoxon matched pairs test) among the three HDM body extract preparations. In a CAP inhibition assay, two extracts (A and C) achieved maximum inhibition of gt 90%, whereas extract B demonstrated a different inhibition slope and lower inhibition potential (80%). However, a remarkable difference in immunoglobulin E reactivity using Western blot analysis with individual patients' sera was observed in one of the preparations (extract B). These findings emphasize the need for the careful selection of starting material for the preparation of HDM diagnostic reagents intended for use in patients from geographically distinct regions as these preparations can have implications on the selection criteria for patient-tailored immunotherapy of HDM allergy
Banana lectin interactions with the immune system: Implications for future therapeutic applications
No full textLectins are a highly diverse group of proteins whose biological functions have been associated with the carbohydrate binding activities. Banana lectin is a member of the jacalin-related family of lectins, and belongs to the glucose/mannose specific subgroup. However, it shows a unique specificity for internal α1,3 linkages as well as β1,3 linkages at the reducing termini in branched mannose oligosaccharides, which are components of the-core region of N-linked glycoproteins. As some other plant lectins, banana lectin is stable to the harsh conditions of the human gastrointestinal tract. As a small protein it seems to be able to pass the mucosal barrier and to reach the immune system inducing specific IgG4 antibodies. Banana lectin also displays T cell proliferation in CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ populations of human PBMCs. It has been recently shown that in vitro stimulation of Balb/c and C57 BL/6 splenocytes by the recombinantly produced banana lectin resulted in the proliferation of T cells and an increased secretion of interferon-gamma. Due to its notable immunomodulatory potential, it has been proposed for the treatment of some Th2-related disorders. This work will discuss banana lectin interactions with the immune system and consider implications for future therapeutic applications
Ovarian Hormones Control Pace of Age-Related Remodelling of T-cell Population from Puberty to Middle-Age
No full textAn improved method for isolation and purification of native bovine beta-lactoglobulin; separation of A and B beta-lactoglobulin isoforms
No full textOverview of the winter wave of 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1)v in Vojvodina, Serbia
Get PDFAim To analyze the epidemiological data for pandemic influenza A(H1N1)v in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Serbia, during the season of 2009/2010 and to assess whether including severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) hospitalization data to the surveillance system gives a more complete picture of the impact of influenza during the pandemic. Methods From September 2009 to September 2010, the Institute of Public Health of Vojvodina conducted sentinel surveillance of influenza-like illnesses and acute respiratory infections in all hospitalized patients with SARI and virological surveillance of population of Vojvodina according to the European Centers for Disease Control technical document. Results The pandemic influenza outbreak in the province started in October 2009 (week 44) in students who had returned from a school-organized trip to Prague, Bratislava, and Vienna. The highest incidence rate was 1090 per 100 000 inhabitants, found in the week 50. The most affected age group were children 5-14 years old. A total of 1591 patients with severe illness were admitted to regional hospitals, with a case fatality rate of 2%, representing a hospitalization rate of 78.3 per 100 000 inhabitants and a mortality rate of 1.6 per 100 000. Most frequently hospitalized were 15-19 years old patients, male patients, and patients with pneumonia (P lt 0.001). The highest case fatality rate was found among patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (P lt 0.001). Nasal/throat swabs were obtained for polymerase chain reaction test from 315 hospitalized patients and 20 non-hospitalized patients, and 145 (46%) and 15 (75%) specimens, respectively, tested positive on A(H1N1)v. Conclusion Sentinel influenza-like illness and SARI surveillance, both followed with virological surveillance, seem to be the optimal method to monitor the full scope of the influenza pandemic (from mild to severe influenza) in Vojvodina
Novel H1N1 influenza in neonates: from mild to fatal disease
Get PDFAnalysis of pediatric deaths associated with pandemic A H1N1 influenza shows that fatal outcome is more likely in young children, under the age of 5. Neonates, because of the immaturity of their immune system, could represent a high-risk group for severe disease and fatal outcome. We present a group of five neonates with confirmed novel influenza A H1N1 infection. This report indicates that the full spectrum of influenza A H1N1 infection ranging from mild febrile illness with spontaneous recovery to severe disease with fatal outcome may be expected even in neonates. Journal of Perinatology (2011) 31, 446-448; doi:10.1038/jp.2010.19