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Det tyske valg er en generalprøve for EU’s evne til at håndtere valgindblanding
No full textElon Musk forsøger at påvirke det tyske valg. Men kan Tyskland og EU overhovedet gøre noget ved det
Responsibility, Mental Capacities, and Socially Deprived Offenders
Full text linkThe relationship between social justice and criminal justice gives rise to a range of important ethical questions. The purpose of this paper is to consider an influential argument within this field: namely, the responsibility-based argument for social adversity mitigation. According to this argument, offenders with a ‘rotten social background’ should be given a sentence mitigation because they have less-developed mental capacities than offenders who have not experienced deep social deprivation. However, it is argued, first, that even if the empirical assumptions of this argument are correct, the conclusion is nevertheless premature. Second, it is shown that both the relations between diminished capacities and reduced responsibility, and between reduced responsibility and sentence mitigation give rise to several theoretical challenges. Finally, it is considered whether these challenges can be held to arise from an overambitious view of what should be expected from a penal ethical theory or from a failure to draw on proper standardizations in this sort of theorizing. It is concluded that it constitutes a highly complicated task to underpin the inference from diminished capacities to reduced sentences of socially deprived offenders.The relationship between social justice and criminal justice gives rise to a range of important ethical questions. The purpose of this paper is to consider an influential argument within this field: namely, the responsibility-based argument for social adversity mitigation. According to this argument, offenders with a ‘rotten social background’ should be given a sentence mitigation because they have less-developed mental capacities than offenders who have not experienced deep social deprivation. However, it is argued, first, that even if the empirical assumptions of this argument are correct, the conclusion is nevertheless premature. Second, it is shown that both the relations between diminished capacities and reduced responsibility, and between reduced responsibility and sentence mitigation give rise to several theoretical challenges. Finally, it is considered whether these challenges can be held to arise from an overambitious view of what should be expected from a penal ethical theory or from a failure to draw on proper standardizations in this sort of theorizing. It is concluded that it constitutes a highly complicated task to underpin the inference from diminished capacities to reduced sentences of socially deprived offenders
Liquid crystalline coatings loaded with colistin for preventing development of biofilms on orthopedic implants
Full text linkThe current antibacterial strategies focus on antibiotic therapy and extensive hygienic measures during orthopedic surgery. However, potential development of implant-associated infections remains a persistent clinical challenge. There is, therefore, a growing interest in introducing innovative safe antibacterial strategies for preventing and combating biofilm development on implants. Antibacterial coatings, particularly, are attractive for local delivery of antibacterial agents. We aim in this proof-of-concept study at introducing a novel and translatable implant coating approach, focusing on directed assembly of inverse non-lamellar lyotropic liquid crystalline (LLC) nanostructures on implants for prevention of initial bacterial attachment and biofilm formation through local delivery of the widely used cationic antibiotic colistin (COL). On exposure of dry lipid films deposited on model implants to aqueous solutions of COL prepared at different COL concentrations, a set of LLC coatings based on a commercial distilled monoglyceride product (or glycerol monooleate) were produced. In addition to small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) characterization investigations, in vitro studies were conducted for evaluating the antibacterial and antibiofilm properties of the LLC coatings against the Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The SAXS analysis indicated that all samples are inverse bicontinuous cubic Pn3m phases. Significant COL's antibacterial activity and efficient protection against bacterial adhesion were demonstrated on coating model implants with LLC surface films produced by using aqueous solutions containing COL at concentrations of 50 and 500 µg/mL. On exposure to serum, the detected structural alterations and changes in COL's antibacterial activity are also discussed. This study also highlights the implications of LLC self-assemblies for designing nanostructural coatings on orthopedic implants, which can prevent implant-associated biofilm infections through local delivery of antibacterial agents
International law applies to the conflict in Gaza:Humanitarian aid should always be allowed
No full text“The Israeli decision to cut off vital aid to the war-ravaged territory of Gaza is worsening the humanitarian crisis for the Strip’s 2.4 million residents. This move effectively weaponises humanitarian assistance, using it as leverage to pressure Hamas. Under international law, particularly the Fourth Geneva Convention, both Israeli and Palestinian armed forces have an obligation to protect civilians and allow humanitarian aid to reach those in need. Indeed, restricting aid access violates these principles and exacerbates the suffering of innocent people caught in the conflict. Additionally, as Arab countries meet in Cairo to address the crisis in Gaza, the United States has accelerated the delivery of USD 4 billion in military aid to Israel, further highlighting the urgent need to reach common ground on Gaza’s future and the broader conflict, prioritising the well-being of the people. As such, the current impasse on the ceasefire threatens to derail the fragile truce reached after 15 months of devastating war in Gaza. With the first phase coming to an end, deep disagreements between Israel and the Palestinian Islamist movement are now jeopardising the continuation of the process. Hamas insists that the next phase must include a “comprehensive and permanent ceasefire” and a “complete withdrawal” of Israeli forces from Gaza. In contrast, Israel prioritises securing the release of more hostages by asking for an extension of the first phase. This, while reserving the right to resume fighting at any time to destroy Hamas if it does not disarm.
Volunteer responders' experience of attending a paediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Denmark:A qualitative study
Full text linkObjective To explore the experiences of volunteer responders attending a paediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (POHCAs) in Denmark. Design This qualitative study used the Reflective Lifeworld Research theoretical framework. Data were generated through nine in-depth, in-person or virtual semistructured interviews conducted with volunteer responders. Setting The study was conducted in Denmark. We recruited volunteer responders from all of Denmark enrolled in the nationwide volunteer responder programme. Participants Nine volunteer responders who were dispatched in response to a POHCA from 2020 to 2023 were included in the study. Results The experiences of attending a POHCA were categorised into three key themes: the mission, the situation and the aftermath. The mission refers to the altruistic drive of volunteer responders to contribute to life-saving efforts. The situation reflects the profound shock experienced when volunteer responders realise that the patient is a child, alongside their ability to act decisively and initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the situation. The aftermath reveals the deep sense of fulfilment derived from being present and actively involved in attempting to save a child's life, as well as the various emotions and reactions that the volunteer responders process after the event. Conclusion Attending a POHCA is a profoundly intense experience that can leave an emotional impact on the volunteer responders. On arriving at the location, despite the initial shock upon realising that the patient is a child, the volunteer responders engage in the resuscitation attempt and offer support to the child's family. However, alerting the volunteer responders beforehand that the patient is a child may help mitigate the initial shock. Volunteer responders find significant meaning in their roles and express a strong commitment to saving lives, irrespective of the age of those in need
Kommunerne efterspørger handling på klimatilpasning, men bliver overset
No full textKommuner og forsyninger efterspørger teknologi, innovation og bedre rammebetingelser for at beskytte samfundet mod de voksende klimakonsekvenser, men politisk handlingslammelse risikerer at gøre regningen endnu dyrere, skriver Rikke Lybæk, Sara Egemose og Sebastian Mernild
Koordineret og rettidig støtte til sårbare unge:Resultater fra et udviklingsprojekt
No full textEn voksende gruppe af unge oplever mentale helbredsproblemer, og det er velbelyst både fra forskning og rapporter fra praksis, at udsatte og sårbare unge og deres pårø-rende ofte oplever vanskeligheder i forhold til at opnå relevant støtte i det fagprofes-sionelle system. Fra et brugerperspektiv er det en kilde til, at i forvejen vanskelige vilkår bliver endnu mere vanskelige. Fra de fagprofessionelles perspektiv medfører det yderligere pressede arbejdsvilkår og oplevelse af utilstrækkelighed. Mange forebyggen-de indsatser og tiltag vidner om, at der også er opmærksomhed på vanskelighederne, men at der ikke findes nogen hurtige og enkle løsninger på problemerne. I rapporten præsenteres resultater fra et udviklingsprojekt som havde til formål at skabe viden om, hvordan organisatoriske strukturer kan understøtte eller modarbejde udvikling af den relationelle koordinering imellem fagprofessionelle aktører involveret i støtte af sårba-re unge. Rapporten bidrager med indsigt i, hvad der i den fagprofessionelle praksis hæmmer og fremmer en god indsats for de unge. De samlede resultater fra analyser af interview og workshops præciserer centrale op-mærksomhedspunkter: 1) Det tværfaglige samarbejde er ofte i praksis udfordret af manglende fælles viden og retning for indsatsen i kombination med sjælden, forsinket eller mangelfuld kommuni-kation. Dette har bl.a. at gøre med, at kompetencerne til facilitering af tværfagligt samarbejde ofte mangelfulde blandt aktørerne. Ofte tages det for givet at deltagerne uden videre kompetence kan facilitere sådanne samarbejdsprocesser. 2) Det er vigtigt at fagprofessionelle har kendskab til det typiske ved de unges pro-blemstillinger og hvilke betingelser, muligheder og begrænsninger dette indebærer, og dermed hvilke behov for støtte den unge har. Herunder viden om hvilke diagnoser der er permanente, og hvilke der er midlertidige/mulige at behandle. ”Pakkeforløb” kan være med til at sikre, at den specialiserede viden fastholdes og inddrages. 3) Samtidig er der behov for, at sensitiviteten overfor den specifikke unges behov og potentialer fastholdes. Det sker i dag f.eks. med IPS (individuelt planlagt job med støt-te). ”Den håndholdte indsats” omtales som den mest brugbare og effektive og i det lange løb også omkostningseffektiv, 4) Personaleudskiftning, ventetider og overgange mellem forskellige myndighedsområ-der vanskeliggør opbygningen af de personlige relationer, mindsker kontinuiteten og svækker mulighederne for den relationelle koordinering.5) Særligt tilrettelagte uddannelser, praktikker og beskæftigelser, understøttet af men-torer er af stor værdi. 6) Udvikling af et fælles sprog om følelser kan både bidrage til en normalisering af at have det svært og til at opbygge fælles redskaber til at håndtere det. Det kan også medvirke til en styrkelse af relationerne mellem de unge indbyrdes og mellem den unge og de voksne fagpersoner eller forældre. 7) Lovgivningens opsplitning i særskilte domæner modarbejder sammenhæng og koor-dinering. Hvert lovkompleks er omfattende, og der er en tendens til silotænkning, der vanskeliggør fælles retning og mål.Resultaterne illustrerer, at jo mere de fagprofessionelle opbygger tillid, fælles retning og deler viden om den enkelte unge, desto bedre og mere holdbare indsatser opnås for de sårbare unge. Hertil kræves kompetencer til faktisk at mestre tværfagligt samar-bejde og villighed til fleksibelt at finde løsninger med udgangspunkt i et godt kendskab til den unges situation og muligheder.<br/
Brødrene der blev fanget mellem Stalin og Sikringen
No full textDen russiske rovmorder, der blev kendt i Danmark som Andrew Bulotti, endte sine dage på sindssygehospitalet Sikringen i Nykøbing Sjælland i 1943. Dagens kronikør udfolder i en ny bog hans og hans bror Aleksandrs skæbne.Den russiske rovmorder, der blev kendt i Danmark som Andrew Bulotti, endte sine dage på sindssygehospitalet Sikringen i Nykøbing Sjælland i 1943. Dagens kronikør udfolder i en ny bog hans og hans bror Aleksandrs skæbne
Robert Burns
No full textRobert Burns var en skotsk digter, som af eftertiden ofte er blevet betragtet som Skotlands nationalskjald