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Trendi pojavljanja kontaminacij hemokultur v Splošni bolnišnici Izola v obdobju 2022–2024
No full textSelf-perception of social competencies of adolescents with intellectual disabilities in a dormitory environment
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The Healing Power of Sound
No full textPoglavje predstavlja pregled temeljnih mehanizmov, s katerimi zvok vpliva na človekovo telo in duševno počutje, ter osvetljuje njihove terapevtske aplikacije. Glavni namen je bil ovrednotiti potencialno moč zdravilnega zvoka za celostno dobrobit posameznika. Zvok ni le slušni dražljaj, temveč tudi fizični občutek, ki lahko pozitivno ali negativno vpliva na zdravje, odvisno od narave vibracij. Raziskave opozarjajo na problematiko hrupa in vibracij v urbanem ter tudi bolnišničnem okolju, ki škodujejo zdravju, medtem ko prijetne, zdravilne vibracije, proizvedene z instrumenti, kot so tibetanske ali himalajske pojoče posode, gongi in kristalne pojoče posode, lahko pripomorejo k obnovi telesnega in duševnega zdravja. Ti instrumenti se uporabljajo v zvočnih terapijah, imenovanih tudi zvočne kopeli, zvočne meditacije, zvočne seanse ali zvočni tretmaji, njihovi terapevtski učinki pa temeljijo na načelih resonance in uskladitve. Čeprav so raziskave omejene, so pokazale, da izpostavljenost vibracijam teh instrumentov znižuje krvni tlak, srčni utrip, napetost, tesnobo ter depresijo, hkrati pa izboljšuje počutje in duhovno blagostanje. Tibetanske pojoče posode so potencialno uporabne tudi pri onkoloških bolnikih. Kristalne posode so imele pozitivne učinke pri obvladovanju kroničnih bolečin in za izboljšanje razpoloženja pri mladoletnikih. Ugodne učinke na notranji mir in mentalno zdravje potrjujejo tudi terapije z gongom. Zvočne terapije imajo tako potencial za celostno in neinvazivno podporo zdravju ter dobremu počutju.This chapter provides an overview of the fundamental mechanisms by which sound affects the human body and mental well-being, and highlights its therapeutic applications. The main aim was to evaluate the potential power of healing sound for the holistic well-being of the individual. Sound is not only an auditory stimulus, but also a physical sensation that can affect health positively or negatively, depending on the nature of the vibration. Research points to the problems of noise and vibration in both urban and hospital environments, which are detrimental to health, while the pleasant, healing vibrations produced by instruments such as Tibetan or Himalayan singing bowls, gongs, and crystal singing bowls can help restore physical and mental health. These instruments are used in sound therapies, also called sound baths, sound meditations, sound sessions, or sound treatments, and their therapeutic effects are based on the principles of resonance and entrainment. Although limited, research has shown that exposure to the vibrations of these instruments lowers blood pressure, heart rate, tension, anxiety, and depression, while improving well-being and spiritual well-being. Tibetan singing bowls are also potentially useful for oncology patients. Crystal bowls have been shown to have positive effects in chronic pain management and to improve mood in adolescents. Gong therapies have also been shown to have beneficial effects on inner peace and mental health. Sound therapies thus have the potential to support health and well-being in a holistic and non-invasive way
Impact of beatbox activities on the development of rhythmic and musical abilities in preschool children
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Raziskovanje konoplje in opija v novoveški Portugalski ter sorodnih državah na podlagi arheoloških in literarnih virov
No full textThis paper examines cannabis (Cannabis sp.) and opium (Papaver somniferum) in post-medieval Europe, with a focus on Portugal and regions shaped by global trade and colonial networks. Covering the sixteenth–nineteenth centuries, it synthesizes historical texts such as medical treatises, travel narratives, and ethnographic accounts, alongside fragmentary material evidence to trace how these substances were perceived, used, and culturally embedded. The sources suggest diverse roles, from therapeutic and recreational applications to broader symbolic meanings within early modern life. While the evidence is dispersed and often partial, the study contributes to a growing historiography of psychoactive substances in Europe. By foregrounding Portuguese examples within wider intellectual and cultural currents, it advances inquiry into how cannabis and opium intersected with evolving notions of the body, health, and consciousness in the early modern period.Članek obravnava izbrane vidike konoplje (Cannabis sp.) in opija (Papaver somniferum) v postsrednjeveških evropskih kontekstih, s posebnim poudarkom na regijah, kot je Portugalska, ki so jih oblikovali vplivi globalne trgovine in kolonialnih povezav. Za obdobje od 16. do 19. stoletja se prispevek opira na arheološke sledi ter književne in medicinske vire, da bi raziskal, kako so bile te snovi dojemane, uporabljene in kulturno umeščene. Konoplja in opij se pojavljata v zgodovinskih besedilih – od medicinskih traktatov in potopisov do etnografskih opazovanj – ob razpršenih materialnih dokazih. Ti viri omogočajo vpogled v raznolike vloge, ki so jih te snovi igrale v zgodnjem novem veku, vključno z zdravljenjem, doseganjem spremenjenih stanj zavesti ter s simbolnimi pomeni. Čeprav dokazi ostajajo fragmentarni in številna vprašanja odprta, prispevek dopolnjuje razumevanje zgodovine psihoaktivnih snovi v Evropi. Z vključevanjem portugalskih primerov v širši kulturni in intelektualni okvir odpira pot nadaljnjim raziskavam o odnosu med telesom, zdravjem in zavestjo v zgodovinskem času
The Young Marx and the Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right
No full textCilj pričujočega strokovnega članka je razgrniti enotnost argumentov Marxovega fragmentarnega rokopisa »Kritika Heglovega državnega prava«. Namesto splošnih rekel in fraz, ki so besedilo v filozofiji in družboslovnih znanostih naredile prepoznavno, se v njem spustim v podrobnejšo analizo Marxovega rokopisa. Pokazati skušam, da tako Marxova splošnejša in nedodelana kritika logike kot tudi njegova podrobnejša kritika Heglove koncepcije oblasti temeljita na enotnem argumentu, uperjenem proti Heglovemu projektu kot takemu. V članku podrobneje pokažem, kako argument o protislovnosti Heglove zakonodajne oblasti mladega Marxa vodi k sklepu, da je protislovje mogoče razrešiti le tako, da zavzamemo stališče, ki je za Hegla epistemološko in politično zunanje: republikanski demokratizem. Članek sklenem z nekaterimi nastavki za nadaljnje raziskovanje, ki bi omogočili jasnejšo presojo dometa veljavnosti Marxove kritike.The purpose of this article is to expose the unity of the arguments behind Marx’s fragmented manuscript, ‘Critique of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right.’ Instead of focusing on broad statements and common phrases that have made the text familiar in philosophy and social sciences, I explore a more detailed analysis of Marx’s manuscript. I aim to demonstrate that both Marx’s more general and incomplete critique of logic and his more detailed critique of Hegel’s concept of power are rooted in a single argument opposing Hegel’s project as a whole. In the article, I carefully explain how the argument about the contradiction in Hegel’s legislative power leads the young Marx to conclude that the contradiction can only be resolved by adopting an epistemological and political stance outside of Hegel: republican democratism. I conclude with some suggestions for future research that could help clarify the scope of Marx’s critique
Large Language Models and General Intellect
No full textČlanek obravnava vprašanje avtomatizacije na primeru velikih jezikovnih modelov. Osrednja teza članka je, da veliki jezikovni modeli ne avtomatizirajo individualnih sposobnosti mišljenja niti javne vednosti, kot so jo razumeli avtorji nemške klasične filozofije, temveč tisto, kar je Marx imenoval »obči intelekt«. Z danim konceptom Marx označuje obdobje, ko obče družbeno znanje postane gonilna sila proizvodnje, kar pomeni, da se upredmeti tako v proizvodnih silah (napredek pri avtomatizaciji strojev) kot v organizaciji delavcev (sprememba v organizaciji dela, nujna za tehnično-znanstveni razvoj). Če se je v Marxovem času, torej v obdobju industrijske dobe, obči intelekt upodabljal v strojih, se danes uteleša v algoritmih in statističnih modelih umetne inteligence. Članek sledi »delovni teoriji avtomatizacije«, kot jo je razvil Matteo Pasquinelli, in pokaže, da veliki jezikovni modeli avtomatizirajo predvsem delo percepcije, tj. sposobnost prepoznavanja vzorcev, obenem pa tudi specifična družbena razmerja, ki so zakodirana v matematičnih algoritmih.The article discusses the issue of automation using the example of large language models. The central thesis of the article is that large language models do not automate individual thinking skills or public knowledge, as understood by the authors of German classical philosophy, but what Marx called ‘general intellect.’ With this concept, Marx marks the period when general social knowledge becomes the driving force of production, which means that it is materialized both in the productive forces (progress in the automation of machines) and in the organization of workers (a change in the organization of work, necessary for technical and scientific development). If in Marx’s time, that is, in the period of the industrial age, general intellect was depicted in machines, today it is embodied in algorithms and statistical models of artificial intelligence. The article follows the ‘work theory of automation,’ as developed by Matteo Pasquinelli, and shows that large language models automate primarily the work of perception, i.e. the ability to recognize patterns, but also specific social relationships that are encoded in mathematical algorithms