Ball State University

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    Community within a community

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    The mixed-use apartment building within Carmel Indiana creates genuine community bonds between neighbors through its central location. This development creates a seamless connection between contemporary living spaces and active dining and shopping outlets because it sits directly across from apartments alongside other restaurants. This combined development provides its residents with opportunities beyond basic accommodation through its active environment that builds resident connections and enriches neighborhood business vitality along with community engagement. The structure implements environmentally oriented materials alongside eco-friendly architectural aspects which both protect the environment and deliver better efficiency and comfort levels to occupants. Arranged apartments in combination with shared social zones and retail on the lowest floor work together to stimulate interaction between residents along with urban engagement. Social bonding takes place in the central courtyard with plenty of amenities while cafes and shops at street level activate the area making it a vivid section of the neighborhood. The building integrates residential and commercial aspects with community-oriented sections to enhance the urban composition of Carmel into a contemporary space that provides all the necessary facilities for its inhabitants.Thesis (B. Arch.)College of Architecture and Plannin

    Effort, premorbid functioning, and intelligence

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    Estimates of premorbid cognitive functioning are designed to be compared to current cognitive performance to assess decline. Interpretation of this comparison, however, must consider effort across all measures. Suboptimal effort, particularly as measured by performance validity tests (PVTs), can distort the interpretation of cognitive profiles. Despite its importance, limited research has examined how effort impacts the relationship between premorbid estimates and actual cognitive ability. The current study investigated how suboptimal effort and performance on PVTs influence the relationship between the Test of Premorbid Functioning (TOPF) and cognitive abilities assessed by the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV). Data were drawn from a larger study that included an experimental effort manipulation during baseline concussion testing through an effort coaching simulation. The current study examined whether PVT scores (from the Test of Memory Malingering [TOMM] and Word Memory Test [WMT]) served as mediators, and whether effort condition (best effort versus suboptimal effort) acted as a moderator, in the relationship between the TOPF and WAIS-IV Full Scale IQ (FSIQ), WAIS-IV Indexes, and Processing Speed, and Working Memory subtests. A series of moderated mediation analyses were conducted. PVT scores did not mediate the relationship between the TOPF and WAIS-IV. Effort condition moderated the relationship between the TOPF and Processing Speed Index (PSI), and the Symbol Search subtest. In the suboptimal effort group, higher TOPF scores were associated with disproportionately lower PSI and Symbol Search scores, a pattern that was not observed in the best effort condition. These findings suggest that PSI, and specifically the Symbol Search subtest, may be sensitive to suboptimal effort. Additionally, the observed discrepancy between estimated premorbid functioning and cognitive abilities aligns with emerging research on embedded validity indicators. This highlights the potential clinical utility of examining excessive cognitive decline patterns in PSI as part of validity assessment.Ph. D

    At face value

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    At Face Value is a fashion editorial that critiques the commodifi cation of body image, social status, and material possessions in consumerist America. It reveals how bodies are shaped and censored by mass-produced items, turning individuals into accessories for the products they consume. The project also explores the blurred line between online performance and personal identity, especially for young adults navigating digital spaces. Targeting those immersed in social media culture, the work invites viewers to question the real cost of image obsession, materialism, and viral consumer trends.B.F.A.School of Ar

    Opening reuse

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    Opening Reuse focuses on reconfiguring historic fabric through intentional architectural shifts. The treatment of historic fabric will ensue across a sympathetic range from preservation of its storefront façade, transformation of the building, and addition of exterior change and a tenant car park. Intentional openings of the building envelope signal connection with the city and strategically maximize natural lighting in its dense urban setting. The program is a culinary hub. An existing three-story building will house a food hall of various restaurant incubators. Tenant leases will coincide with access to affordable housing on the third story. The second story is a culinary education-eatery that allows local individuals to learn entry-level cooking skills and appreciate Mile Square’s activity. East additions to the building will accommodate exterior vendor spaces in partnership with locally sourced produce and goods. Its seasonal presence will allow local communities to appreciate interactions with food and people. The programming of this building seeks to connect with the Indianapolis food culture. Opening Reuse will implement design strategies to encourage change in adaptive reuse development moving forward.Thesis (B. Arch.)College of Architecture and Plannin

    Beyond likes: how personality predicts saving behavior on Instagram

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    The study aims to uncover predictive relationships between the Five-Factor Model (FFM) personality traits, the use of collections on Instagram, and how they are impacted by consumption values to understand audiences and their saving interactions better. A survey was developed in which 52 Instagram users took a personality test that evaluated their use of collections on Instagram and their associated consumption values. The collected data was analyzed using a correlation analysis to identify relationship between variables, and a regression analysis to test the hypotheses. The findings reveal that personality traits, particularly extraversion, and conscientiousness significantly influence saving behaviors. Additionally, perceived functional, utilitarian, and hedonic value showed an association with collecting. These results highlight the interplay between individual psychological differences and perceived utility in shaping how users interact with Instagram's organizational features. The study's implications extend to platform developers and marketers, suggesting opportunities for designing features tailored to different personality types and motivations.M. A

    Working wellness

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    In a world overwhelmingly focused on careers and jobs, people are constantly encouraged to work harder and longer with ubiquitous promises of increased pay or promotions. These work realities lead to a concerning rise in employees suffering from depression, burnout, and a lack of motivation. This thesis strives to create an office environment that encourages healthy amounts of socialization between employees and the local community, encouraging interaction and activity through the re-imagining of the office-scape into a fulfilling social environment. This project takes place in downtown Indianapolis north of the old town hall. This site lands in between a quiet residential neighborhood and a loud energetic commercial area. The main floor of the building acts as a community center, providing local residents, workers, and shoppers with spaces that will support a culture of play and work. This thesis demonstrates how a unique design language that prioritizes socialization can reinvent the meaning of productive work.Thesis (B. Arch.)College of Architecture and Plannin

    Beyond the game: life-cycle planning for a modern stadium design

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    Stadiums built for mega-events like the FIFA World Cup and the Olympics often become costly, underutilized structures, placing financial and environmental strain on cities. This thesis challenges the traditional stadium model by proposing a design that prioritizes lifecycle planning and adaptive reuse, allowing the structure to transition into housing once its primary function as a sports venue concludes. Targeting a mega event such as the FIFA World Cup, this project situates the proposed stadium in Chicago, Illinois—a city among the many facing a pressing housing shortage. The design adopts a modular approach, using a steelframed structural grid and repurposed shipping containers to facilitate phased transformation. Shipping containers serve as flexible modules to accommodate both stadium and housing programs, with potential for future expansion. The design unfolds in four phases: stadium, transformation, housing, and expansion, enabling both large-scale and individual-scale modifications. By integrating modular and sustainable construction strategies, this project redefines stadium architecture as an urban catalyst, transforming a single-use typology into a key driver of long-term community growth. Beyond housing, the project includes programs that support both residents and the surrounding city, fostering a socially and environmentally responsible approach to large-scale sports infrastructure.Thesis (B. Arch.)College of Architecture and Plannin

    Standing still

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    Much like everyone else, ever since I was a kid, I have been asked the question of, “What do you want to be when you grow up?” My answer to this question has always been clouded by family approval, status, outside perspectives, and most of all, money. I look to a number of things for inspiration when it comes to my work. A few artists I draw inspiration from include Gregory Crewdson, Holly Andres, Ben Zank, Brook DiDonato, and Lissyelle Laricchia. Their works are heavily narrative based, which is something I’ve always strived to do. This body of work explores the feelings of uncertainty, isolation, and confusion that come with trying to find your footing in life while rejecting adulthood in order to preserve innocence.B.F.A.School of Ar

    I feel myself everywhere I've ever been

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    I Feel Myself Everywhere I Have Ever Been explores the intersection of memory, love, loss, and trauma. My photography project Home: Out of My Body serves as a foundation for examining the psychological impact of memory, alongside the ever-changing nature of relationships and one’s connection to the world around them. Influenced by contemporary artists such as Amy Parrish, Jiri Anderle, and Tracey Emin, this work utilizes gestural abstraction with figuration in order to attain raw, emotive quality. This body of work aims to amplify complex female voices, offering an unfiltered exploration of personal boundaries, loss, and intimacy. This work seeks to create space for emotional honesty, echoing the confessional approach of Tracey Emin, and hopes to inspire others to reflect on their own experiences. Moving forward, I plan to expand my portfolio, connect with a wider community, and continue developing my practice with the goal of exhibiting and selling work, forging greater connections within the art world.B. A.School of Ar

    It's just a game

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    The multimedia installation, titled “It’s Just a Game”, is dedicated to exploring the themes of harmful communication and manipulation through a sequence of enamel narratives and glass sculptures. By utilizing the mediums of enamel, ceramic and glass, this piece captures moments of interaction highlighting the innocence and susceptibility of children to external influences. As a narrative installation, the project aims to be catalyst for thoughtful discussion on the ethical implications of communication and the responsibility it entails. The use of multiple mediums in this project serves not only to elevate the aesthetic appeal but also acts as a metaphor for the delicate nature of human relationships and the ease with which they can be manipulated.B.F.A.School of Ar

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