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Openness and Communication: Philosophical Interactions
Get PDFWśród wielu problemów współczesnej kultury
Zachodu filozofowie i psychologowie często wskazują na konieczność wykroczenia poza egocentryczną perspektywę doświadczania siebie, świata i drugiego człowieka. W wezwaniu
do przełamania tej perspektywy otwartość idzie w parze z komunikacją. Nie da się pokonać destrukcyjnego egocentryzmu
bez przywrócenia tych dwu uniwersalnych warunków bytu
ludzkiego, jakimi są właśnie otwartość i komunikacja.Amongst many problems of the contemporary
Western culture indicated by philosophers and psychologists,
there is a need to transcend the egocentric perspective of experiencing oneself, another man and the world. In the call to
abandon this perspective, openness goes hand in hand with
communication. It is not possible to overcome the destructive
egocentrism without restoring these two universal conditions
of the human existence, namely openness and communication
Plea of limitation of action as the basis for a debtor's action against enforcement in the face of amendments to the Code of Civil Procedure (streamlining of proceedings or limiting existing legal solutions)
No full textW artykule traktującym o zarzucie przedawnienia jako podstawie powództwa opozycyjnego, Autorka analizuje wpływ zmian kodeksu postępowania cywilnego na zakres zastosowania tego środka prawnego w praktyce prawa. Przedmiotem zainteresowania Autorki jest rozstrzygnięcie czy zmiany k.p.c. dokonane ustawą z 4 lipca 2019 r. wpłynęły na usprawnienie postępowania cywilnego czy też jedynie ograniczyły dotychczasowe, dobrze funkcjonujące rozwiązania prawne. Dla właściwego przedstawienia tytułowego zagadnienia Autorka w pierwszej kolejności omówiła poprzedni stan prawny, przybliżając istotę i charakter prawny powództwa opozycyjnego, a następnie dokonała analizy i oceny istniejących rozwiązań. Jak wynika z przeprowadzonej analizy, skutkiem dodania do k.p.c. artykułów 7821 § 1 pkt 2, 797 § 11 oraz art. 804 § 2 k.p.c. jest znaczne ograniczenie możliwości zastosowania instytucji powództwa opozycyjnego. Sąd oraz komornik sądowy, badając przedawnienie z urzędu, wyręczają dłużnika, który nie musi w ten sposób podejmować merytorycznej obrony przy pomocy powództwa opozycyjnego. W ocenie Autorki, efektem nowo wprowadzonych rozwiązań prawnych, oprócz szeregu wątpliwości interpretacyjnych, jest więc nadmierna ochrona dłużnika kosztem wierzyciela, na którego nałożone zostały nowe obowiązki mające na celu wykazanie, że nastąpiła przerwania biegu terminu przedawnienia, co jej zdaniem prowadzi do zachwiania równowagi procesowej stron.In the article dealing with the plea of limitation of action as the basis for a debtor's action against enforcement, the author analysed the impact of amendments to the Code of Civil Procedure on the scope of application of this legal measure in the practice of applying the law. The author’s matter of concern is to decide whether changes to the CCP made by the Act of July 4, 2019 influenced the improvement of civil proceedings or only limited existing, well-functioning legal solutions. To present the issue mentioned in the title of the article properly the author first discusses the previous legal status, introducing the essence and legal nature of the debtor's action against enforcement, and then analysed and evaluated the existing solutions. The conducted analysis indicated that the effect of adding articles 7821 § 1 point 2, 797 § 11 and art. 804 § 2 of the CCP to the Code of Civil Procedure there is a significant reduction in the use of debtor's action against enforcement. The court and the court enforcement officer, when examining the limitation period ex officio, do their part to the debtor, who is not obliged to undertake substantive defence using debtor's action against enforcement. In author's opinion, the effect of the newly introduced legal solutions, in addition to a number of interpretative doubts, is therefore excessive protection of the debtor at the expense of the creditor, on whom new obligations have been imposed in order to prove that the limitation period has been interrupted, which in her opinion leads to imbalance between the parties in the process
Kancelaria władz wojewódzkich w latach 1975–1990 na przykładzie Wojewódzkiej Rady Narodowej w Toruniu oraz Urzędu Wojewódzkiego w Toruniu
Get PDFTillage intensity and herbicide application influence surface-active springtail (Collembola) communities in Romanian vineyards
Get PDFVineyards are important perennial, often intensively managed agroecosystems. In most vineyards, ground vegetation
is controlled by tillage and/or the application of broadband herbicides with scarcely known effects on
the soil fauna. We studied a total of 16 commercial vineyards in the Târnave wine region, a typical viticultural
region in Transylvania, Central Romania. As a model organism for surface-dwelling arthropods we examined the
response of springtail (Collembola) species richness and activity density to vineyard tillage practices, fertilization,
and herbicide application. A total of 24 species in 10 families were found in the studied vineyards. Principal
coordinates analysis (PCoA) identified three distinct springtail communities linked to tillage and fertilization
practice. Springtail species richness was positively associated with high tillage intensity (frequency: once or
twice a year). Springtail activity density in inter-rows was positively correlated with inter-row tillage and
herbicide application under grapevines. For the first time we could show that springtail species assemblages in
vineyards were characterized by high niche overlap regarding soil quality (organic matter, pH, CaCO3, P and K),
indicating similar resource utilization. We conclude that the positive influence of vineyard management and
disturbance on surface-dwelling springtail communities is possibly due to the exclusion of potential competitors
and predators, the stimulation of microorganisms and/or an increased nutrient input
Lexis of Tatar translations
Get PDFThis article presents various layers of vocabulary constituting lexis of the Tatar tefsir, i.e. the translation of the Quran to the Polish language of the northern borderland, performed in the 16th century by Tatars of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Most emphasis was put on the northern borderland, separated on the basis of criteria adopted in the literature of the subject. Selected vocabulary was arranged alphabetically. A context was given in which it occurs and a semantic characteristic was provided on the basis of lexicographic sources – Polish and the East Slavic Languages. It was found that Tatar tefsir contains words previously not described or present in other historic assets of north-eastern borderland. This is particularly true with respect to forms borrowed from the East Slavic Languages, including hybrid forms. What is more, it is characterised by the existence of Old Polish lexis, including names of people performing activities which were not recorded in dictionaries, and other, words used infrequently and in specific text types. Tatar tefsir is also a perfect source for historical studies of Slavic-Oriental relations
Predictors of survival in patients with ischemic heart disease depending on therapy
Get PDFThe aim of the study is to assess the prognostic value of the structural and functional echocardiographic indicators in IHD patients, depending on acute coronary syndrome management (revascularization vs medical therapy), during 60 months. Materials and methods: The total of 101 IHD patients were examined on the clinical bases of the Internal Medicine Department 2. Prior to the study. The 84 males and 17 females aged 58.6±4.2were split into the experimental group after myocardial revascularization (EG, n = 71) and control group with standard medical therapy (CG, n = 30). In addition to the protocol-prescribed clinical lab tests, during five years, the dynamics of the echocardiographic cardiac parameters has been assessed. The digital data was processed by the Kaplan–Meier estimator; the 60-month cumulative survival rate (%) was estimated and significance of the difference was assessed by Cox's F-test (p<0.05). Results and discussion. It appeared that the 5-year prognosis in IHD patients was unaffected by the dimensions of IVST, LVIDD and LVMMI. In 60 months after the surgery, a significantly better prognosis was observed for certain unfavourable initial conditions: enlarged RV ≥ 2.5 cm (37.5% vs 30.7%, р = 0.008), aortic diameter ≥ 3.0 cm (57.2% vs 34.3%, р = 0.02), enlarged LA ˃ 4.0 cm (43.8% vs 24.7%, р = 0.046). In addition, revascularization was associated with better survival rates for normal LVMM (<250 g; 75.8% vs 49.1%, р=0.05), without the thickening of the LV walls (66.9% vs 30.5%, р=0.047) and without LV systolic dysfunction (87.7% vs 59.9%, р=0.046). An important place among the echocardiographic criteria of unfavourable prognosis belongs to LV systolic dysfunction (EF ≤ 45%). Therefore, the experimental group patients were distributed according to the EF value, following the Ukrainian Association of Cardiology and EU guidelines, i.e. we singled out the so-called grey zone (EF=45-54%), where the patients featuring LV systolic dysfunction and preserved EF belonged. The analysis of the results showed the cumulative event-free survival to be 87.4% for EF ˃ 55%, 14.6% for EF = 45-54% and 42.9% for EF < 45% (р = 0.01). The patients after the myocardial revascularization with EF = 45-54% had a worse prognosis of event-free survival than those with LV systolic dysfunction. In the group of patients who had undergone only the medical therapy, the survival prognosis was significantly worse, which corresponded to a reduced EF (38.3% for EF ˃ 55%, 15.0% for EF = 45-54% and 0% for EF < 45%, p EG-CG = 0.01). A similar EF-based distribution was used in the study of patients with decompensated heart failure (REDINSCOR II, 2017), in which the authors revealed that the grey zone patients featured a higher risk of cardiovascular complications than patients with normal EF values did. Conclusions. Revascularization contributed to a considerably better 60-month survival prognosis for cases featuring the enlarged right ventricle (≥2.5 cm), enlarged left atrium (˃4.0 cm) and extended aortic root (≥3.0 cm), but with the normal left ventricular myocardial mass (< 250 g) and without ventricular hypertrophy or systolic dysfunction
Features of the treatment of exudative otitis media in children of the Black Sea region (Odessa and Chernomorsk, Ukraine)
Get PDFAmong non-purulent inflammatory diseases of the ear in children, exudative otitis media is in second place. The purpose of the work is the development of algorithms to increase the effectiveness of treatment of children with exudative otitis media of various age groups. Practical conclusion: therapeutic tactics have their own characteristics; conservative treatment is advisable for two weeks, while maintaining the exudate beyond the specified period, an operation is indicated - shunting of the tympanic cavity
Development of Primary School Sports Trainers’ Inclusive Competences in Two Physical Education Programs: Comparative Analysis
Get PDFThe purpose of this research was: to compare the effectiveness of the two educational programs for the formation of inclusive competencies of future primary school teachers. The sample for this research consisted of 411 students of Rivne State University for the Humanities (51 males and 360 females) at the age of 19-20 years. 215 of them formed an experimental group. The research considers the importance of a special educational program in comparison with a university one for the formation of inclusive competence for future teachers working in a general secondary education institution with inclusive education courses included in it. Inclusive competence was assessed through an oral and written survey. The results showed that students who studied in a special educational program have achieved better results in the development of inclusive competence than students who studied in a university vocational training program at a higher education institution. This study proves that a special educational program provides future teachers with special competencies before they begin their future work in an inclusive environment at a general secondary education institution. Special education curriculum subjects could be integrated into higher education programs to enhance the capacity of future teachers to teach students with special needs in general secondary education
Narracje wernakularne "made in China"
Get PDFThis paper explores the Chinese vernacular narratives as independent stories that are found on the Internet create a different "reality" in the censored media environment. Vernacular narratives such as urban legends, rumours, gossips and conspiracy theories belong to vernacular culture, which is understood as the non-professional, non-institutional, informal, spontaneous and amateur culture. They provide a window to understanding the concerns and fears of the modern society, in this case Chinese society
Development Factors of Polish Subsidiaries in The United States
Get PDFThe paper presents results of a firm-level survey carried out between 2016 and 2017 among Polish companies who made foreign direct investment in the United States. The purpose of this paper is to identify FDI development determinants among Polish enterprises in the US market as well as to find out about the discrepancies in their perception between representatives of different business sectors i.e. enterprises from traditional and new technologies industries. The results of the study indicate that regardless of the sector, Polish enterprises seek the determinants of development of their subsidiaries in the USA primarily in the internal factors, i.e. unique and sustainable ownership-specific advantages. The ownership advantages – together with external location factors such as the demand, the ease of doing business and the business environment – affect most the development of Polish direct investment companies in the USA. There were significant differences between the assessment made by traditional and new technologies enterprises in relation to resource factors, efficiency factors and the competition in the USA