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Architecture and urban design of Retfala south business zone
No full textZadani se obuhvat nalazi na jugozapadu Osijeka, u poslovnoj zoni četvrti Retfale. Urbanističko se rješenje temelji na geometrijskoj mreži pješačkih staza labirintskog tipa koje korisnike vode kroz izložbene prostore i društvene sadržaje. Ona svojom dužinom mijenja svoj karakter: otvoreno-zatvoreno, rahlo-punostijeno i povezuje poslovne zgrade u obuhvatu. Zadana je zgrada na sjeverozapadu obuhvata utemeljena na principima geometrije- točka, pravac i ravnina. Od njih se u zgradi javljaju stakleni kubusi s raznim zajedničkim sadržajima. Zgrada je tlocrtno podijeljena na 2 jasna poteza u kojima su uredi te središnji potez s kubusima koji u ravnini slobodno "plutaju" u prostoru. Na taj se način ostvaruje ravnoteža između rada i zajedničkog života
Calculation and billing of construction works
No full textU radu je analiziran način obračuna izvedenih radova u građevinarstvu po situacijama, pri čemu su opisani oblici obračunskih situacija, njihove karakteristike i međusobne razlike. Opisan je obrazac situacije, rokovi ovjere te obračun radova ukupno ugovorenom cijenom. Naplata radova po situacijama kao i naplata računom dio su ovoga rada. Navedeni su i načini naplate izvantroškovničkih radova i pojam privremenog iznosa. Definiran je pojam građevinske knjige, detajno opisan obrazac te postupak ovjeravanja od strane nadzornog inženjera. Osim teorijske podloge, radu su priloženi i prilozi iz kojih je moguće vidjeti primjere listova građevinske knjige s priznatim i osporenim količinama te primjer obrasca situacije
The influence of firing temperature on the thermal and mechanical properties of fired clay brick
No full textGlinene opeke danas predstavljaju jedan od najčešće korištenih materijala u zidanoj gradnji. Njihova primjena seže još u razdoblje neolitika. Glina, kao vrsta sedimentnog tla, nastaje raspadanjem magmatskih stijena, a procjenjuje se da glinena tla zauzimaju oko 70 % svih sedimentnih stijena na Zemlji. U procesu izrade keramike, odnosno pečene gline, ključna svojstva pri izlaganju toplini su plastičnost i čvrstoća. Ipak, glina rijetko predstavlja jedini sastojak, već se u praksi često dodaju različiti materijali kako bi se poboljšala njezina svojstva. Struktura keramike može se razlikovati ovisno o uvjetima i postupku pečenja. Poroznost glinenih opeka jedno je od ključnih svojstava jer značajno utječe na njihovu primjenu u građevinarstvu. Pore u strukturi opeke omogućuju materijalu da djelomično „diše“, odnosno da regulira vlagu i temperaturu unutar zida. Na taj način poroznost doprinosi boljoj toplinskoj i zvučnoj izolaciji objekta. Međutim, pretjerana poroznost može povećati upijanje vode, što dugoročno smanjuje trajnost opeka i čini ih osjetljivijima na oštećenja uslijed smrzavanja i odmrzavanja. S druge strane, manja poroznost povećava mehaničku otpornost i tlačnu čvrstoću, ali smanjuje izolacijska svojstva. Upravo iz tog razloga, u proizvodnji opeka nastoji se postići ravnoteža između čvrstoće i izolacijskih karakteristika, a proces pečenja igra ključnu ulogu u formiranju željene mikrostrukture materijala. U ovom radu ispituje se utjecaj temperature pečenja na toplinsku vodljivost, gustoću i tlačnu čvrstoću materijala.Clay bricks are today one of the most widely used materials in masonry construction, with their application dating back to the Neolithic period. Clay, as a type of sedimentary soil, is formed by the weathering of igneous rocks, and it is estimated that clay soils account for about 70% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. In the production of ceramics, i.e., fired clay, the key properties under exposure to heat are plasticity and strength. However, clay rarely serves as the sole component; in practice, various additives are often incorporated to improve its properties. The structure of ceramics can vary depending on the conditions and the firing process applied. Porosity of clay bricks is one of the most important properties, as it significantly affects their application in construction. Pores in the brick structure allow the material to partially “breathe,” regulating moisture and temperature within the wall. In this way, porosity contributes to improved thermal and acoustic insulation of buildings. Nevertheless, excessive porosity can increase water absorption, which reduces the long-term durability of bricks and makes them more susceptible to damage caused by freezing and thawing. On the other hand, lower porosity improves mechanical resistance and compressive strength but reduces insulation performance. For this reason, brick production aims to achieve a balance between strength and insulation characteristics, with the firing process playing a crucial role in shaping the desired microstructure of the material. This study examines the influence of firing temperature on the thermal conductivity, density, and compressive strength of clay brick material
Methods of determining displacements in bending beams
No full textU radu su analizirane deformacije ravnih štapova opterećenih na savijanje, konstantne krutosti. Progibi i kutevi zaokreta određeni su pomoću energetske metode (Castiglianovi teoremi) i grafoanalitičke metode Mohrovih površina. Riješeno je nekoliko primjera. Rezultati dobiveni različitim metodama uspoređeni su kako bi se potvrdila njihova točnost
Detailed design of family house
No full textOvaj diplomski rad bavi se izradom izvedbenog projekta obiteljske kuće smještene u Slavonskom Brodu. Cilj rada bio je izraditi tehničko i konstruktivno rješenje stambenog objekta koje zadovoljava pravila struke. Projektirana kuća zamišljena je kao katnica
funkcionalnog tlocrta s ravnim zelenim krovom koji je ujedno i prohodan. Nosivi sustav temelji se na kombinaciji zidanih zidova i armiranobetonskih elemenata. Statički proračun proveden je ručno i u skladu s važećim europskim normama – EN 1992: Europska norma za projektiranje betonskih konstrukcija (Eurocode 2) i EN 1991: Europska norma za djelovanja na konstrukcije (Eurocode 1), dok su grafički prilozi izrađeni korištenjem softverskih alata Revit 2025, AutoCAD 2025 i SofiCAD.This thesis deals with the development of an execution project of a family house located in Slavonski Brod. The aim of the work was to create a technical and structural solution of a residential building that meets the professional standards. The designed house is conceived as a two-story building with a functional floor plan and a flat green roof which is also walkable.
The load-bearing system is based on a combination of masonry walls and reinforced concrete elements. The structural calculation was carried out manually and in accordance with the applicable European standards – EN 1992: Eurocode for the design of concrete structures (Eurocode 2) and EN 1991: Eurocode for actions on structures (Eurocode 1), while the
graphical attachments were created using software tools Revit 2025, AutoCAD 2025, and SofiCAD
Instructional design guide: Didactics of media learning environments
No full textThe sudden change in teaching from classroom to online because of the COVID-19 pandemic has shown that digital teaching is in general possible. However, difficulties in the rapid practical implementation of digital teaching coming from the lack of clear digital teaching and evaluation concepts have become apparent. Particularly, courses dealing with laboratory experiments and practice are among the most challenging aspects of digitalization in teaching. This is especially true for the university research-oriented study of civil engineering, where participation in laboratory experiments is a natural part of classroom teaching. To overcome the issue with such courses, the use of mixed and virtual reality is foreseen as tools providing students the possibility to attend laboratories virtually and, thus, broaden digital teaching of civil engineering courses. In the case of digital learning, the student evidently cannot participate in laboratory experiments, and the real laboratory experience cannot be fully replaced by a video or online translation, whereas virtual and augmented reality techniques provide excellent opportunities to replicate real laboratory experience in a virtual environment. Within the PARFORCE project – an Erasmus+ Strategic Partnership 2020 for “Digital Education” project (grant no. 2020-1-DE01-KA226-HE-005783) by Ruhr University Bochum (Germany), University Aveiro (Portugal), University Osijek (Croatia), Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Seismology (North Macedonia) and Bauhaus-University Weimar (Germany) – significant contribution to establishing virtual experimental setups (which are not a part of standard education at each university but are carried out at specialized institutes), as different laboratory equipment (shaking table, wind tunnel, and fire resistance laboratory) are brought together and used by students of all partners. The virtual experimental setups are accessible to external interested parties in order to broaden the reach of resources and foster a more inclusive and collaborative environment. The report presented herein constitutes the first in a series of three accomplished project reports: Instructional design guide – didactics of media learning environments – describing the derived methodological framework; Methods and algorithms for digital learning tools evaluation -proposing a set of guidelines for evaluation, including measures and tools for quantitative analysis; Remote-access Experiments in Structural Engineering – describing the elaboration of created virtual tours. The results are an added value for all partners and Europe
Artificial intelligence in road construction
No full textOvaj završni rad obrađuje temu primjene umjetne inteligencije u cestogradnji te ističe njezin rastući značaj u modernom građevinskom sektoru. Počevši od osnovnog objašnjenja što je umjetna inteligencija i kako se razvijala, rad naglašava njezinu
sposobnost oponašanja ljudske inteligencije u donošenju odluka, rješavanju problema i učenju iz iskustva ne samo prilikom projektiranja nego i prilikom samog građenja ili održavanja cesta. Također, rad govori koje sve prednosti, ali i nedostatke, donosi umjetna inteligencija prilikom njenog korištenja u cestogradnji.This final thesis explores the application of artificial intelligence in road construction, highlighting its growing importance in the modern construction sector. Beginning with a basic explanation of what artificial intelligence is and how it has evolved, the paper emphasizes its ability to mimic human intelligence in decision-making, problem-solving, and learning from experience — not only during the design phase, but also throughout the construction and maintenance of roads. Furthermore, the thesis discusses both the advantages and disadvantages of using artificial intelligence in road constructio
Analysis of water level and flow on the Sava river - Županja station
No full textU ovom radu provedena je hidrološka analiza postaje Županja-stepenica na rijeci Savi. Promatrano razdoblje ove analize traje pet godina, od 1.1.2018. godine do 31.12.2022. godine. Rad se sastoji od dva dijela, prvog teorijskog dijela koji čini podlogu i uvod za hidrološku analizu koja je drugi dio ovoga rada.
Za hidrološku analizu korišteni su mjereni podaci Državnog hidrometeorološkog zavoda o vodostajima i protokama na hidrološkoj postaji Županja-stepenica na rijeci Savi koji su poslužili za izradu dijagrama mjesečnih minimalnih, srednjih i maksimalnih vodostaja i protoka. Nadalje su izrađene protočne krivulje za svaku od godina koje sačinjavaju promatrano razdoblje.In this paper, a hydrological analysis of the Županja station on the Sava River was conducted. The period observed in this analysis spans five years, from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2022. The paper consists of two parts: the first is the theoretical section, which serves as the foundation and introduction to the hydrological analysis, which forms the second part of this paper.
For the hydrological analysis, measured data from the Croatian Meteorological and Hydrological Service on water levels and discharges at the Županja hydrological station on the Sava River were used. These data were used to create diagrams of the monthly minimum, average, and maximum water levels and discharges. Furthermore, flow curves were created for each of the years that make up the observed period
Architectural - urban design of Retfala - south business zone
No full textPoslovna zgrada nalazi se unutar sklopa poslovnog kompleksa Retfala - jug, u južnom dijelu grada Osijeka. Urbanističkim rješenjem određena je kompozicija 8 zgrada unutar obuhvata, kroz koji je provučena modularna i dinamična konstrukcija šetnice raznolikog i bogatog sadržaja. Arhitektonsko rješenje prikazuje jednu od zgrada koja je kombinacija lamele i 2 tornja, a nalazi se na sjevernom djelu parcele. 2 tornja zamišljena su kao dvije baterije koje crpe energiju iz šetnice i njenog sadržaja i prenašaju je u javnu i transparentnu lamelu. U njima su smješteni svi poslovni i prateći sadržaji, a to se postiže otvaranjem vanjskih strana tornjeva prema van. U lameli dolazi do nakupljanja čestica koje dovode do stvaranja električnog polja - metafora za kretanja, komunikaciju te stalnu cirkulaciju kroz prostor, koja se očituje kroz stubišta, mostove, konzole... Stvaranjem dinamičnog prostora prekida se monotonija poslovne svakidašnjice te se korisnicima pruža zanimljiv prostor koji ih poziva na istraživanje i kretanje.The business building is located in the business complex Retfala - south, in the southern part of the city of Osijek. The urban design determined the composition of 8 buildings, through which a modular and dynamic construction of a promenade with a diverse and rich content was threaded. The architectural solution shows one of the buildings, which is a combination of a lamella and 2 towers, and is located in the northern part of the plot. The 2 towers are conceived as two batteries that draw energy from the promenade and its contents and transfer it to a public and transparent lamella. All business and supporting facilities are located in it. This is achieved by opening the outer sides of the towers to the outside. Particles are accumulate in the lamella, which lead to the creation of an electric field - a metaphor for movement, communication and constant circulation through space, which is manifested through staircases, bridges, consoles... By creating a dynamic space, the monotony of everyday business life is interrupted and users are provided with an nteresting space which invites them to explore and move
Shallow foundation bearing capacity model test
No full textTema ovog završnog rada je modelsko ispitivanje nosivosti tla ispod plitkog temelja. U teorijskom dijelu prikazana je definicija samog temelja kao dijela cjelokupne građevine, njegova važnost u održavanju stabilnosti i nosivosti te osnovne podjele temelja. Opisan je međusoban odnos između tla, temelja i konstrukcije koji je ključan za pravilno funkcioniranje građevine. U nastavku se opisuje što je granična nosivost prema Eurokodu 7 i ponuđene su metode pomoću kojih je moguće riješiti definirani problem. Potom je naveden primjer numeričkog modela koji je vezan uz navedeni problem. Praktični dio završnog rada sadrži pokus ispitivanja nosivosti tla ispod temelja na kojeg se opterećenje vrši pomoću preše. Prikazani su rezultati pokusa.The subject of this final paper is the model testing of loading-bearing capacity of the soil under shallow foundations. The theoretical part shows the definition of the foundation itself as part of the overall structure, its importance in maintaining stability and load-bearing capacity and the basic divison of the foundation. It describes the relationship between the ground, the foundation and the structure, which is crucial for the proper functioning of the building. The following describes what the limiting load according to Eurocode 7 is and offers methods by which the defined problem can be solved. An example of a physical and numerical model related to the problem is then given.
The practical part of the final work consists of an experiment to test the load-bearing capacity of the soil under the foundation on which the load is applied by power press machine. The results of the experiments are shown