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Methods of project monitoring and control
No full textU ovom je diplomskom radu potrebno bilo opisati metode praćenja i kontrole projekata s naglaskom na vremensko i troškovno praćenje provedbe aktivnosti projekta. Na zadanom primjeru projekta potrebno je primijeniti metode praćenja i kontrole vremena i troškova, analizirati odnose planiranih i ostvarenih vrijednosti te komentirati ostvarene indekse izvršenja projekta. U prvom je dijelu riječ o definiranju samog građevinskog projekta i što je postupak upravljanja građevinskim projektom. U drugom je dijelu riječ o vremenskom i financijskom planu građevinskog projekta, zatim su opisane metode i softveri za vremensko i troškovno praćenje građevinskih projekata. U trećem dijelu ovog diplomskog rada su primijenjene metode PDM (Precedence Diagramming Method) i EVM (Earned Value Management) na stvarnome primjeru građevinskog projekta.In this thesis, it was necessary to describe methods of monitoring and controlling projects with a focus on the time and cost monitoring of the implementation of project activities. On the given project example, it is necessary to apply methods of monitoring and control of the time and costs, analyse relations between planned and realized values and comment on realized project implementation indices. The first part deals with the definition of the construction project itself and which is the procedure for the management of the construction project. The second part describes the time and financial plan of the construction project, then describes methods and software for the time and cost monitoring of construction projects. In the third part of this thesis are the application of PDM (Precedence Diagramming Method) and EVM (Earned Value Management) methods on real example of a construction project
Detailed design of rc frame hall
No full textTema diplomskog rada je proračun te izrada plana i iskaza armature za armiranobetonsku okvirnu konstrukciju zgrade smještene u kontinentalnoj Hrvatskoj. Tlocrtne dimenzije zgrade su 2500 cm x 5000 cm. Temeljna konstrukcija se sastoji od temelja samaca, dimenzija 120 cm x 120 cm x 60 cm (širina x dužina x visina), koji su povezani temeljnim gredama, dimenzija 40 cm x 60 cm. Nadtemeljna konstrukcija se sastoji od podne armiranobetonske ploče, stupova, greda i ravnog neprohodnog krova. Debljina podne ploče iznosi 20 cm, dok su dimenzije stupova 40 cm x 40 cm, a greda 40 cm x 43 cm. Debljina ploče ravnog krova iznosi 18 cm. Krovna armiranobetonska ploča armirana je mrežama čelične armature Q226. Za uzdužnu armaturu armiranobetonskih greda korištene su čelične šipke promjera 12 mm, a za poprečnu armaturu čelične šipke promjera 10 mm. Armiranobetonski stupovi armirani su uzdužnom armaturom promjera 14 mm i poprečnom armaturom promjera 6 mm. Kvaliteta ugrađenog betona je C25/30, a čelika za armiranje B500B.The subject of this paper is a design and a bar bending schedule of a reinforced concrete frame structure of a building located in continental Croatia. The layout dimensions of the building are 2500 cm x 5000 cm. The foundation structure is made of isolated footings, with dimensions 120 cm x 120 cm x 60 cm (width x length x height), which are connected with beams, with dimensions 40 cm x 60 cm. The superstructure is made of a reinforced concrete floor slab, columns, beams and a flat roof. The thickness of the floor slab is 20 cm, while dimensions of columns are 40 cm x 40 cm and dimensions of beams are 40 cm x 43 cm. The thickness of the roof slab is 18 cm. The reinforced concrete roof slab is reinforced with reinforcing meshes Q226. The longitudinal reinforcement in beams is made of steel bars with 12 mm diameter, while transverse reinforcement is made of steel bars with 10 mm diameter. The longitudinal reinforcement in columns is made of steel bars with 14 mm diameter, while transverse reinforcement is made of steel bars with 6 mm diameter. Concrete grade is C25/30 and steel grade is B500B
Comparison of drip and sprinkler irrigation
No full textIzrađeno je idejno rješenje sustava navodnjavanja za lokalizirano, kap na kap, i navodnjavanje kišenjem, tj. tifonom za isto melioracijsko područje. Obuhvat zahvata pod navodnjavanjem je veličine 100 ha. Kultura koja se navodnjava je borovnica i zauzima 100% parcele. Zahvat vode je predviđen iz kopanih bunara u neposrednoj blizini parcele koja se navodnjava. Temeljem mjesečnih podataka o količini oborina za razdoblje od 1981. do 2022. godine, provedena je analiza suše prema metodi koraka, čime je utvrđeno da postoji deficit vode u mjesecima razvoja kulture. Korišteni su i obrađeni meteorološki, hidrološki i pedološki ulazni podaci za proračun potrebnih količina vode za ispunjenje fizioloških potreba biljke u vegetacijskom razdoblju. Dimenzionirani su magistralni i distribucijski cjevovodi za oba sustava navodnjavanja, te je definiran raspored opreme po navodnjavanoj parceli i odabrana odgovarajuća crpka. Sustavi za navodnjavanje su dimenzionirani u programskom paketu EPANET, iz kojeg su, temeljem ulaznih podataka, dobiveni podaci o tlakovima, brzinama i protocima u sustavu koji zadovoljavaju odabranu opremu za navodnjavanje. Napravljen je iskaz glavnih radova i troškovnik. Naposljetku je napravljena financijska analiza temeljem prihoda i rashoda za razdoblje od 30 godina čime je provedena usporedba dva sustava navodnjavanja i odabir isplativije opreme.A conceptual solution of the irrigation system was developed for localized, drip irrigation, and sprinkler irrigation, i.e. hose reels irrigation for the same melioration area. The area under irrigation is 100 ha. The irrigated crop is blueberry and occupies 100% of the plot. The intake of water is planned from dug wells in the immediate vicinity of the plot. Based on the monthly data on the amount of precipitation for the period from 1981 to 2022, a drought analysis was carried out according to the run method, which established that there is a water deficit in the months of crop development. Meteorological, hydrological and pedological input data were used and processed for the calculation of the necessary amounts of water to fulfill the plant's physiological needs during the growing season. The main and distribution pipelines for both irrigation systems were dimensioned, the layout of the equipment was chosen as well as the appropriate pump. Irrigation systems were dimensioned in the EPANET software package, from which, based on input data, data on pressures, velocities and flows in the system that satisfy the selected irrigation equipment were obtained. A statement of the main works and a bill of costs was made. Finally, a financial analysis was made based on income and expenses for a period of 30 years, which then were compared the two irrigation systems an more cost-effective equioment was selected
Addition of the new track and reconstruction of the existing railway track
No full textU ovom diplomskom radu opisano je ukratko stanje željeznice u Republici Hrvatskoj. Zbog zastarjele željezničke infrastrukture i željezničkih vozila, u Republici Hrvatskoj u fokusu je obnova i poboljšanje željezničke infrastrukture zbog važnog prometnog položaja jer glavni paneuropski koridori prolaze kroz Republiku Hrvatsku, koridori koji spajaju jug Europe sa Srednjom Europom. U radu je opisana tehnologija izvođenja radova. S obzirom da je tema rekonstrukcija i dogradnja opisana je demontaža postojećeg kolosijeka te potrebni alati i strojevi. Nadalje navedeni su materijali koji se koriste pri izgradnji kolosijeka. Koriste se betonski pragovi B70 te tračnice kvalitete 49E1 I 60E1 sa pričvrsnim priborom W14. Redoslijedom su opisane radnje koje potrebno provesti pri rekonstrukciji jednog kolosijeka. Započinje sa demontažom te nadalje se opisuju radnje koje obuhvaća demontaža te potrebne strojeve, alate i radnu snagu za isto. Nakon demontaže slijedi priprema gradilišta za izgradnju kolosijeka koja započinje ugradnjom tucanika te slijedi polaganje pragova te tračnica. Nakon montaže kolosijeka slijede radnje na kolosijeku kao što su zatezanje kolosiječnog pribora, ugradnja drugog sloja tucanika te nadalje slijede strojni radovi kao što podbijanje te smještanje kolosijeka na projektnu kotu. Nadalje je potrebno osloboditi tračnice od unutarnjih naprezanja te odraditi pripreme za zavarivanje u dugi trak tračnica (DTT). Obrađena je metoda aluminotermijskog zavarivanja te potrebni alati za izvedbu. Nakon toga su obrađene kontrole koje je potrebno provesti da se provjeri je li pravilno izvedeno. U zadnjem dijelu rada predmet je bio izgradnja podvožnjaka „Ivanečki“ koji se izgrađuje pored željezničkog kolodvora u Koprivnici. Podvožnjak „Ivanečki“ se gradi u etapama ili fazama jer se izgradnja podvožnjaka izvodi u urbanoj sredini te postoje kompleksnosti uz samu izgradnju i planiranje. Cilj izgradnje ovog podvožnjaka je povećanje sigurnosti i kvalitete prometovanja željeznicom i cestom jer se preusmjerava cesta ispod podvožnjaka i ukida se željezničko cestovni prijelaz u razini. Izgradnja je razrađena u šest faza od kojih je druga faza najkompleksnija jer se radovi odvijaju za vrijeme zatvora pruge od 72 sata. U tom periodu je potrebno premjestiti kolosijek na privremenu lokaciju za prometovanje u periodu završetka ostalih faza izgradnje. U završnim fazama opisani su završni radovi na podvožnjaku te shematski prikaz nove dvokolosiječne pruge.This thesis briefly describes te state of railways in the Republic of Croatia. Due to the outdated railway infrastructure and railway vehicles in the Republic of Croatia, the focus is on the renovation and improvement of the railway infrastructure due to its important traffic location, as the main pan-European corridors pass through the Republic of Croatia, the corridors that connect southern Europe with Central Europe. The paper describes the execution and technology of works. Given that the topic is reconstruction and extension, the dismantling of the existing track and the necessary tools and machines are described. Furthermore, the materials used in the construction of the tracks are listed. Concrete sleepers B70 and quality of rails 49E1 and 60E1 with W14 fastening accessories are used. The actions that need to be carried out during the reconstruction of one track are described in order. It starts with dismantling and further describes the actions of dismantling and the necessary machines, tools and labor. After dismantling, the construction site is prepared for track construction, which begins with the installation of breakstone, and followed by the laying of concrete sleepers and rails. After the installation of the tracks, there are actions on the track such as tightening of the track accessories, installation of the second layer of breakstone, and then there are mechanical works such as caulking and placing the track on projected elevation. Furthermore it is necessary to release the rails from internal stresses and prepare for welding into a long strip of rails. It is described the method of aluminotermic welding and the necessary tools for its execution. After that, the checks that need to be carried out to check whether it was carried out correctly were described. In the last part of the paper, the subject was the construction of the „Ivanečki“ underpass, which is being built next to the railway station Koprivnica. The „Ivanečki“ underpass is being built in stages or phases because the construction of the underpass is carried out in an urban enviroment and there are complexities with the construction and planning itself. The main goal with construction of this underpass is to increase the safety and quality of traffic by rail and road, because the road is being rerouted under the underpass and the railway road crossing at level is abolished. The construction is described in six phases, of which the second phase is the most complex, as the works take place during the 72 hour railway shutdown. During that period, it is necessary to move the track to a temporary location for traffic during the period of completion of other construction phases. In the final stages are described the final actions on the underpass and the schematic display of the new twotrack railway
Calculation and anaysis of infiltration facilities of acceptance of rainwater
No full textDiplomski rad se bavi analizom i primjenom metodologije za proračun infiltracijskih objekata za prihvaćanje oborinske vode s nepropusnih površina na području studentskog kampusa sveučilišta J. J. Strossmayera u Osijeku. U radu se analizira stvarno stanje sustava mješovite oborinske odvodnje promatranog područja te problemi koji se na tom sustavu javljaju. U prvom redu tu se misli na plavljenje određenih dionica sustava. Analizirat će se varijantna rješenja i prijedlozi poboljšanja oborinske odvodnje navedenog područja. Prijedlozi poboljšanja oborinske odvodnje bit će analizirani kroz četiri varijantna rješenja. Prvo varijantno rješenje analizirat će primjenu infiltracijskih objekata u vidu kišnih vrtova koji će prikupljati oborinsku vodu s krovnih ploha. Drugo varijantno rješenje se odnosi na primjenu vegetacijskih jaraka koji prikupljaju vodu s parkirališta i prometnica. Treće varijantno rješenje se odnosi na kombinaciju prvog i drugog varijantnog rješenja. U četvrtom varijantnom rješenju analizira se primjena infiltracijskog objekta u vidu bioretencije. Analiza je provedena za niz povratnih perioda, a projektna kiša konstruirana je metodom naizmjeničnih blokova. Cilj rada je pronaći rješenja koja će se uklopiti u stvarno stanje uz što manje investicijske troškove, koristeći integralan pristup odvodnji oborinskih voda. Analiza otjecanja s nepropusnih površina prema infiltracijskom objektu provest će se u računalnom programu SWMM.This graduation thesis deals with the analysis and application of the methodology for the calculation of infiltration facilities for the acceptance of rainwater from impervious surfaces in the area of the student campus of J. J. Strossmayer University in Osijek. This paper analyzes the actual state of the mixed stormwater drainage system of the observed area and the problems that arise in that system. First of all, this refers to the flooding of certain parts of the system and variant solutions and proposals for improving the storm drainage of the mentioned area will be analyzed. Proposals to improve storm drainage will be analyzed through four variant solutions. The first variant solution will analyze the application of infiltration facilities in the form of rain gardens that will collect rainwater from roof surfaces. The second variant solution refers to the application of vegetation ditches that collect water from parking lots and roads. The third variant solution refers to the combination of the first and second variant solutions. In the fourth variant solution, the application of the infiltration object in the form of bioretention is analyzed. The analysis was carried out for a series of return periods, and the design rain was constructed using the method of alternating blocks. The goal of the thesis is to find solutions that will fit into the actual situation with as little investment costs as possible, using an integral approach to rainwater drainage. The analysis of runoff from impervious surfaces towards the infiltration facility will be carried out in the computer program SWMM
Architecture and Urban Design of Retfala South Business Zone
No full textUrbanističko rješenje proizlazi od teme bezmjesnosti te humanog pristupa projektiranju koje uzdiže čovjeka na višu razinu i budi okolni kontekst prostora. Arhitektonsko rješenje zgrade sadrži teme vertikalnosti i horizontalnosti te preko teme zelenila ostvaruje vezu sa cijelom zonČI: zelena oaza, pješak, vertikalnost, horom koja je zamišljena kao zelena oaza grada.The urban solution stems from the theme of the placelessness and a humane approach to design that elevates man to a higher level and awakens the surrounding context of the space. The architectural design of the building contains the themes of verticality and horizontality, and through the theme of greenery, it creates a connection with the entire zone, which is conceived as a green oasis of the city
Planning the dynamics of material procurement at the construction site
No full textOvaj rad istražuje važnost i metode planiranja dinamike nabave materijala na gradilištu. S obzirom na stalne promjene na tržištu i sve veće zahtjeve za efikasnošću pri opskrbi, pravilno upravljanje nabavom materijala postaje ključno za uspješno izvođenje građevinskih projekata. Glavni cilj je osigurati pravovremenu dostupnost građevinskih materijala na mjestu upotrebe kako bi se spriječile poteškoće kao što su nestašice, zastoji i prekomjerni troškovi. Dinamičkim planom izvođač unaprijed organizira nabavu i prati zalihe materijala kako bi osigurao nesmetanu izvedbu projekta. Ključno je osigurati kvalitetu, količinu i ugovorenu cijenu materijala te ga pravilno skladištiti kako bi se izbjegao gubitak i propadanje materijala. Učinkovito skladištenje zahtijeva precizan proračun potrebne skladišne površine. Rad također istražuje strategije velikih nabava, početnih velikih nabava te razmatra pojavu mogućih rizika. Provedenom anketom prikupljene su informacije o povjerenju izvođača u dobavljače, načinu skladištenja i rizicima nabave.This final paper researches the importance and methods of planning the dynamics of material procurement at the construction site. Given the constant changes in the market and the increasing demands for efficiency in the supply chain, proper material procurement management becomes crucial for the successful execution of construction projects. The main goal is to ensure the timely availability of construction materials at the point of use to prevent difficulties such as shortages, delays, and excessive costs. Through dynamic planning, the contractor proactively organizes procurement and monitors material stocks to ensure smooth project execution. It is essential to ensure the quality, quantity, and agreed-upon price of materials and to store them properly to avoid loss and material deterioration. Effective storage requires precise calculation of the required storage space. The work also explores strategies for bulk procurement, initial large-scale procurement, and considers the occurrence of potential risks. Information was gathered through a survey on contractors' trust in suppliers, storage methods, and procurement risks
Design and technical documentation of RC floor structure
No full textIzrađena je projektno-tehnička dokumentacija armiranobetonsku konstrukciju stropa i stubišta karakterističnog kata višestambene zgrade u Osijeku. Međukatna(stropna) konstrukcija sastoji se od armiranobetonskih ploča i greda, dok je stubište izvedeno kao uzdužna nosiva stubišna ploča (dva kraka). Za dimenzioniranje elemenata korišteni su najveći momenti i rezne sile iz mjerodavne kombinacije u programskom paketu Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional 2022. Svi elementi dimenzionirani su prema normi HRN EN 1992-1-1:2013. (Eurocode 2). Za usvojenu armaturu izrađen je plan oplate i armature ploča, greda i stubišta.Design and technical documentation was created for the reinforced concrete structure of the ceiling and staircase of a characteristic floor of an apartment building in Osijek. The ceiling structure consists of reinforced concrete slabs and beams, while the staircase is designed as a longitudinal load-bearing staircase slab (two legs). For dimensioning the elements were used the largest moments and cutting forces from the authoritative combination in the Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis Professional 2022 software package. All elements were dimensioned according to the HRN EN 1992-1- 1:2013 standard. (Eurocode 2). For the adopted reinforcement, a formwork and reinforcement plan for slabs, beams and stairs was drawn up
Calculation of inner forces a three hinged frame and projections of displacements
No full textOvaj završni rad ima dva dijela zadatka.
Prvi dio zadatka je izračunati unutarnje sile u presjeku n-n i nacrtati dijagrame unutarnjih sila za zadani sustav. Postoje dvije metode proračuna, metoda određivanja unutarnjih sila klasičnim postupkom iz uvjeta ravnoteže, a druga je metodom virtualnog rada. Radimo proračune momenata savijanja, te uzdužnih i poprečnih sila. Dobivene rezultate kontroliramo računalnim programom Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis, a uz rezultate crtamo i dijagrame unutarnjih sila.
Drugi dio zadatka je odrediti kuteve zaokreta tijela, te pomake točaka zadanog sustava. Na temelju zadanog kuta zaokreta određujemo pomake i zaokrete (kinematske veličine) ostalih tijela sustava. Rješavamo ga metodom planova pomaka, odnosno određuju se polovi pomaka, crtaju se kinematske veličine tijela onog kojeg su poznate, a za preostali dio mehanizma se se konstruiraju planovi pomaka te se određuju kinematske veličine svih tijela iz geometrijskih uvjeta. Rezultate na kraju kontroliramo računskim putem.This final paper has two parts of the assignment.
The first part of the task is to calculate the internal forces in the cross-section n-n and to draw diagrams of the internal forces for the given system. There are two methods of calculation, the method of determining internal forces using the classical procedure from equilibrium conditions, and the second method using the virtual work method. We calculate bending moments, and longitudinal and transverse forces. We control the obtained results with the computer program Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis, and along with the results we also draw internal force diagrams.
The second part of the task is to determine the turning angles of the body and the displacements of the points of the given system. Based on the given angle of rotation, we determine this displacements and rotations (kinematic quantitites) of the other bodies of the system. We solve it using the method of displacement plans, i.e. the poles of the displacement are determined, the kinematic sizes of body of which they are known are drawn, and the displacement plans are constructed for the remaining part of the mechanism and the kinematic sizes of all bodies are determined from the geometrical conditions. At the end, we control the results by caluclation
Impact theory and speed calculation
No full textZavršnim radom riješeni su i objašnjeni problemi dvije velike, temeljne, grane mehanike: kinematike i dinamike. Za oba ova područja, najprije su definirane teorijske pretpostavke i njihova načela, a zatim na primjeru zadatka dana su rješenja zadanih problema.
Prvi dio rada obuhvaća dinamiku, gdje se uz pomoć općeg načela rada i energije te teorije sudara i zadanih parametara dolazi do određivanja položaja tijela nakon sudara.
Drugi dio zadatka bavi se kinematikom. Gibanje toče po kružnici prije i nakon sudara određuje se uz pomoć komplanarnog gibanja tijela koje se prikazuje vektorski te planom brzina i ubrzanja kao grafičko rješenje zadatka.The problems of two fundamental branches of mechanics, namely kinematics and dynamics, are solved and explained in the final paper. For both of these areas, theoretical assumptions and their principles are first defined, and then solutions to the given problems are provided as examples.
The first part of the paper covers dynamics, where, with the help of the general principles of work and energy, as well as the theory of collisions and given parameters, the position of an object after a collision is determined.
The second part of the task deals with kinematics. The motion of a point on a circle before and after a collision is determined using planar motion of the body, which is represented vectorially, as well as by velocity and acceleration diagrams, as a graphical solution to the proble