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Dynamic nanostructures at the surface of rising bubbles in amphiphile solutions: Comparison of low-molecular-weight surfactants and proteins
Full text linkThe formation, stability, and decay of foams occur under dynamic conditions. Given their inherent complexity, an accurate description of these subprocesses necessitates an analysis of multiple factors, with a particular focus on the formation and structure of the adsorption layer. Single rising bubble techniques facilitate a deeper comprehension of the dynamics of diverse phenomena in foams, as they yield experimental data under dynamic conditions. This review examines the subtle differences in the dynamic adsorption structures of low-molecular-weight surfactants and proteins at the liquid/gas interface. These differences can significantly impact interfacial properties and potentially alter our understanding of the mechanisms behind the formation of the Dynamic Adsorption Layer (DAL). The primary techniques under consideration are local velocity profiles (LVPs) of single rising bubbles and dynamic fluid-film interferometry (DFI) of the thin liquid film formed at the collision of a bubble with a free liquid surface. We provide a summary of recent findings on the topic. Due to the limited availability of comprehensive datasets on proteins, our discussion is partially supplemented by newly obtained unpublished data. We highlight key differences in the behavior of bubbles in low-molecular-weight surfactant solutions versus protein solutions that have previously been overlooked in the literature. We explore their potential origins in the context of DAL dynamics and architecture.Partial financial support from the Polish National Science Centre (NCN grant no. 2021/43/B/ST8/00053) and statutory research fund of ICSC PAS is acknowledged with gratitude. J.Z. expresses gratitude to Kazimierz Malysa and Reinhard Miller for the opportunity to witness their numerous insightful discussions on LVPs in protein solutions, which served as an inspiration for this work
Study of Actions Aimed at Improving Safety in the Context of Risks in the School Environment
No full textCelem badań przedstawionych w niniejszym artykule była ocena procesu organizowania przedsięwzięć zapewniających bezpieczeństwo w szkołach w kontekście postrzeganych zagrożeń. Aby osiągnąć założony cel, dokonano analizy podstawowych statystyk deskryptywnych oraz zastosowano analizę regresji liniowej. W pierwszej kolejności przeanalizowano dwie główne kwestie: nasilenie zagrożeń w szkołach oraz rodzaje przedsięwzięć zapewniających bezpieczeństwo w szkołach. Następnie, przy pomocy opracowanego modelu, zbadano relacje między nasileniem zagrożeń a determinantami (przedsięwzięciami) podejmowanymi w celu zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa w szkołach. Wartościowym poznawczo rezultatem badań jest budowa modelu oceny korelacji pomiędzy nasileniem zagrożeń a poszczególnymi składowymi procesów zapewniających bezpieczeństwo w szkole. Takie podejście do problematyki badań pozwoliło na określenie, które z podejmowanych przedsięwzięć mają istotny lub znikomy wpływ na natężenie zagrożeń w szkołach. Podejście to umożliwia interesariuszom i decydentom identyfikowanie najbardziej ważnych przedsięwzięć, a ostatecznie zaplanowanie ich w dalszych działaniach mających zapewnić bezpieczeństwo w szkołach.The aim of the research presented in this article was to evaluate the process of organising school safety projects in the context of perceived threats. In order to achieve this objective, basic descriptive statistics were studied and linear regression analysis was applied. First, two main issues were analysed: the severity of threats in schools and the types of school safety projects. Then, using the developed model, the relationship between the severity of threats and the determinants undertaken to ensure safety in schools was examined. A cognitively valuable result of the research is the construction of a model for assessing the correlation between the severity of threats and the individual components of processes ensuring safety at school. This approach to the research question has made it possible to identify which projects undertaken have a significant or marginal impact on the intensity of threats in schools. This approach enables decision-makers to identify the most important undertakings and ultimately to plan for them in further measures to ensure school safety
Introduction to the Role of the Restructuring Plan in Polish Restructuring Proceedings
Full text linkProject ‘International Conference: Social and Economic Aspects of Court and Out-of-Court Restructuring’, Contract No.: KONF/SN/0143/2023/01 Co-funded from state budget funds allocated by the Minister of Education and Science under the ‘Excellent Science II’ Programme (Program ‘Doskonała nauka II’)
Chemical modification of monensin as a source of potent antiplasmodial agents
Full text linkMalaria remains a significant public health issue and one of the leading causes of child mortality worldwide. Due to the growing problem of drug resistance, new modes of fighting the disease are searched for. In this context, ionophore antibiotics, natural compounds with high potential for combating parasitic diseases, deserve special attention. The primary representative of such compounds, monensin (MON), demonstrates exceptionally high antiplasmodial activity. In this work, the C26-amino derivative of MON was used as a convenient substrate for the synthesis of its acyl analogues, such as amides and urea. All derivatives exhibited strong activity against the hepatic stage of Plasmodium berghei infection in vitro, which exceeded that shown by the reference drug primaquine. The IC50 value for MON O-phenyl urethane (8) was less than 1 nM.This research was financially supported by an OPUS 21 grant (2021/41/B/ST4/00088) funded to A.H. by the National Science Center in Poland (NCN). For the purpose of Open Access, the authors have applied public copyright license to any Author Accepted Manuscript (AAM) version arising from this submission
Łódzkie osiedle Dąbrowa. Wielka płyta, zieleń, mieszkańcy i nie tylko
No full textNiniejsza książka stanowi analizę opinii na temat blokowisk, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem łódzkiej Dąbrowy jako przykładu tego typu osiedla. Składa się z trzech głównych części: teoretycznej, metodologicznej i analitycznej. W części teoretycznej omawiane są ogólne kwestie dotyczące blokowisk, ich funkcji, charakterystyki Dąbrowy i roli zieleni miejskiej. Badanie zostało wykonane przy pomocy studium przypadku, czyli case study, w skład którego weszły wywiady swobodne z długoletnimi mieszkańcami osiedla Dąbrowa, analiza treści projektów z Budżetu Obywatelskiego i obserwacja w terenie projektów pro-zielonych oraz z zielonym komponentem, które wygrały w minionych latach w BO. Wyniki badań zostały opisane w części analitycznej
Physicochemical Characterization of Biodegradable Polymers for Biomedical Applications: Insights from XPS, DRIFT, and AFM Techniques
No full textBiodegradable polymers and their diverse applications, particularly in the pharmaceutical and biomedical fields, have experienced significant advancements in recent decades. The importance of this research is underscored by the potential of biodegradable polymeric biomaterials to transform drug delivery systems, tissue engineering scaffolds, and a wide range of biomedical devices. This progress has been driven by the growing demand for sustainable and eco-friendly solutions across various sectors, including biomedicine, nanotechnology, the food industry, solar cells, and waste management. Central to this development is understanding the physical and chemical characteristics of biodegradable polymers, particularly their surface and interfacial properties, which profoundly impact their behavior and functionality. This review provides an overview of the physicochemical methods employed to investigate polymer surfaces, highlighting their complex applications and their role in defining the potential uses of newly synthesized polymers. Techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFT), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) are emphasized explicitly as essential tools for elucidating the intricate structure and properties of biodegradable polymers. A comprehensive understanding of the physicochemical structure, surface morphology, and composition of biodegradable polymers is crucial for designing materials with tailored properties and developing novel materials with specific, desired characteristics
How Do Path Dependencies in Family Farming Affect Behavioural Intentions to Adopt Sustainable Practices? Exploring the Potential of Developing Carbon Farming by Smallholders in Serbia
Full text linkCarbon farming (CF) represents an approach to agricultural production that seeks to enhance the organic carbon content of the soil. The principal objective of this article was to investigate Serbian farmers' intentions to implement CF practices based on an extended model of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). The research sample comprised a group of 150 cereal farmers from the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina (Northern Serbia). Data were collected between May and September 2023 using semi-structured face-to-face questionnaires. The analysis was conducted utilising structural equation modelling and simultaneous confirmatory factor analysis. The effect of path dependencies, as reflected in the degree of embeddedness in family farming, was found to be ambiguous. The path dependencies had a positive influence on subjective norms, which in turn exerted an indirect positive effect on intentions via this path. However, in correlation with perceived behavioural control, path dependencies negatively affected the intention to adopt CF. Indeed, the smallholders were highly path-dependent and strongly attached to family farming, and so the more experienced and confident farmers were paradoxically less likely to adopt sustainable practices. A second important finding is the confirmation of the key role of morality in influencing smallholder farmers' intentions, with an indication of the main motive to pass on land to successors in good conditionThis research was financed by National Science Center in Poland, Grant Number: 2021/41/B/HS4/0243
The socio-cultural profile of the counterurbanite through the lens of literature studies and own research
Full text linkProblematyka artykułu dotyczy jednego z aspektów kontrurbanizacji. Celem opracowania jest zaprezentowanie profilu społeczno-kulturowego migrantów przenoszących się z miasta na wieś położoną peryferyjnie względem niego. Artykuł jest pokłosiem badań w ramach projektu NCN na temat: Miejsko-wiejski transfer wiedzy – modele współzależności, który realizowany jest na obszarze wybranych wsi w Polsce. Materiałem źródłowym wykorzystanym w artykule były wywiady kwestionariuszowe oraz swobodne. Przeprowadzono je na grupie dorosłych mieszkańców badanych wsi, którzy w okresie co najmniej ostatnich 5 lat przeprowadzili się na stałe z miasta na wieś. Badania dowiodły, że kontrurbanita jest osobną kategorią społeczno-kulturową, w dużej mierze różniącą się od osób, które wyprowadziły się na wieś blisko miasta. W świetle badań własnych, ale także studiów literaturowych można stwierdzić, że dla kontrurbanitów decyzja o przeniesieniu się na wieś jest nie tylko praktycznym rozwiązaniem, ale przede wszystkim wyborem ideologicznym, wynikającym z potrzeby zmiany stylu życia, wartości oraz sposobu funkcjonowania w społeczeństwie. Dla suburbanitów jest to natomiast decyzja podyktowana głównie chęcią posiadania własnego domu z ogródkiem za w miarę rozsądną cenę.The subject matter of the article concerns one of the aspects of counter-urbanization. The aim of the article is to present the socio-cultural profile of migrants moving from the city to the countryside located peripherally in relation to it. The article is the result of research conducted as part of the NCN project on Urban-rural transfer of knowledge – models of interdependence, which is carried out in selected villages in Poland. The source material used in the article were questionnaires and unstructured interviews, which were conducted on a group of adult inhabitants of the surveyed villages, who in at least the last 5 years have moved permanently from the city to the countryside. The research proved that the counter-urbanite is a separate socio-cultural category, largely different from people who moved to the countryside located close to the city. In the light of their own research, but also in the literature, it can also be stated that for counter-urbanites, the decision to move to the countryside is not only a practical solution, but above all an ideological choice, resulting from the need to change their lifestyle, values and the way they function in society. For suburbanites, however, it is a decision dictated mainly by the desire to have their own house with a garden for a reasonable price
Zdolność do biodegradacji włóknin na bazie PLA z piórami drobiowymi
No full textGeotextiles are widely used for separation, drainage, filtration, and erosion control, as well as for enhancing plant growth conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of incorporating poultry feathers on the biodegradation rate of nonwoven geotextiles in arable soil. The research was conducted under laboratory conditions, with biodegradation assessed based on mass loss. The findings confirmed that the presence of keratin-rich waste positively influenced the biodegradation rate of the tested materials. Additionally, the potential ecotoxicological effects of biodegradation were examined, revealing no adverse impact on microbiological activity. Statistical analysis demonstrated a correlation between material composition and biodegradation time. This study represents a significant step toward the sustainable management of poultry feather waste in agricultural applications. The tested materials could serve as an environmentally viable alternative for long-term applications, aligning with ecological sustainability principles by simultaneously enriching soil with essential nutrients and promoting waste valorization.This research “Unlocking a New Feather-Based Bioeconomy for Keratin-Based Agricultural Products”, UNLOCK project was funded from the Bio-based Industries Joint Undertaking by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement
Nº 101023306
Commuting to secondary schools in Wrocław
Full text linkCodzienna mobilność związana z wahadłowymi przemieszczeniami do miejsc pracy i nauki wpływa na tworzenie powiązań funkcjonalnych między miastem a jego otoczeniem. Rozpoznanie kierunków i natężenia tych przemieszczeń stanowi z jednej strony podstawę do efektywnego zarządzania potokami ruchu i równoważenia transportu, a z drugiej przesłankę do delimitacji zasięgu oddziaływania miasta. W niniejszym opracowaniu przedstawiono wyniki pilotażowych badań ankietowych dotyczących dojazdów do szkół, przeprowadzonych wśród 2766 uczniów wrocławskich szkół ponadpodstawowych w 2020 r. Celem badania było określenie rozkładu przestrzennego dojazdów do szkół oraz rozpoznanie zachowań i preferencji transportowych uczniów. Badanie wykazało, że Wrocław był istotnym ośrodkiem szkolnictwa ponadpodstawowego, przyciągającym uczniów zarówno z gmin bezpośrednio sąsiadujących z miastem, jak i z obszarów bardziej odległych, szczególnie położonych w sąsiedztwie linii kolejowych. Zdecydowana większość dojazdów do szkół ponadpodstawowych we Wrocławiu odbywała się przy wykorzystaniu publicznego transportu zbiorowego, często z uwzględnieniem nawet kilku przesiadek. Należy podkreślić, że mimo uciążliwości związanych z codziennym wykorzystywaniem publicznego transportu zbiorowego w dojazdach, jego jakość i funkcjonowanie były na ogół oceniane przez uczniów pozytywnie.Daily mobility related to commuting to work and school influences the creation of functional connections between the city and its surroundings. Understanding the directions and intensity of these movements is the basis for effective traffic flow management and the promotion of sustainability, as well as for the delineation of the city’s sphere of influence. This study presents the results of a pilot school travel survey conducted among 2,766 high school students in Wroclaw in 2020. The aim of the study was to determine the spatial distribution of school commuting and to identify students’ transport behaviour and preferences. The research has shown that Wrocław is an important centre for secondary education, attracting students from both neighbouring municipalities and more distant areas, especially those located near railway lines. The vast majority of trips to secondary schools in Wroclaw were made by public transport, often involving several transfers. It is worth noting that despite the inconveniences associated with the daily use of public transport for commuting, its quality and functioning were generally rated positively by students
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