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Commissioning the truth and memory in society [Comisionar la verdad y la memoria en la sociedad]
No full textObjective/context: This article analyses the political function assumed by a truth commission, as an entity situated at the center of disputes regarding memory typical of societies dealing with a violent past. The text proposes that rather than the construction of the truth, the main function of a truth commission is the promotion and consolidation of a new regime of truth that opposes that which has been constructed through a violent past. Analyzing the Colombian case, the article critically examines the concept of reconciliation, which underlies the work of a commission of this type, as a mechanism of transitional justice. We propose that the truth commission avoids the promotion of a national reconciliation, understood as a pact to hide the violent past behind an insurmountable wall that steers us away from assuming responsibility and consequences in the present. Instead, the article sets out that the truth commission must promote reconciliation within society; that is, a process that seeks to preserve certain communicating vessels with a violent past, in that it addresses the causes that propitiated the emergence and naturalization of this violence. Methodology: The study was guided by the Gadamerian premise of questioning one's own certainties. Based on experience in research in the area of memory, and on the researchers own experience in the production of official historic memory reports, what underlies this article is a hermeneutic work of general enquiry into the functions of memory in transition periods, and, in particular, into the challenges faced by a truth commission. Conclusions: The article concludes that the central task of a truth commission is not so much the recovery of specific memories (this happened in this way), but rather the construction of the social framework for the legitimation of the memory of suffering. This requires an effort to incorporate the suffering in society's general representation, its needs, and its values. In this sense, although described as an instrument for seeking the truth, the real social and political purpose of the truth commission may be its capacity to build a new regime of truth that opens a present space through which to understand the current patterns of violence and recognize its current agents. The article also concludes, about the Colombian case, that the Commission for the Clarification of the Truth, Coexistence, and Non-Repetition should function as an enabler of a narrative public sphere. In this order of ideas, it must create frameworks of meaning in which to unfold counter-hegemonic narratives that may even become bothersome in social terms. It is about opening up a possibility for different social agents traditionally situated at the margins of the State, to take a position from which to dialogically confront the State itself and the groups that have sought to impose their narrative through armed command or control of the public sphere. Originality: The boom of such studies on memory in the second half of the twentieth century has meant that the topic has been approached from many disciplines and perspectives within the social sciences. Ours is a hermeneutic approach that does not attempt to account for the contents of memory or the nature of the truth produced in the institutionalised work of memory; rather, it situates its analysis among the possibilities for the development of a space for the narrative resonance in which it is possible to produce an alternative regime of truth. © 2018 University of Toronto Press Inc. All Rights Reserved
Modelling SME e-commerce with IMAES
No full textPurpose: There are several studies about the adoption of e-commerce for small-to-medium enterprises (SMEs) that separately, and in a dispersed manner, examine different theoretical approaches. The purpose of this paper is to unify a set of variables to form an integrated model of measurement of the adoption of e-commerce for SMEs. Design/methodology/discussion: Based on an extensive review of empirical studies focused on the adoption of e-commerce in SMEs, a grouped and integrated model of e-commerce among SMEs was constructed. It was built upon the methodology of psychometrics and was subsequently statistically tested for reliability and validity. A broad study has not been carried out. Thus, the small sample size does not allow the estimation of this model’s predictability. Findings: This paper proposes a final model, comprising 14 variables (82 items), grouping the significant effects of e-commerce adoption. Originality/value: This tool is feasible, offering an initial model enabling detailed examination of variables affecting the adoption of e-commerce in SMEs. It contributes significantly to the development of this line of research. © 2018, Emerald Publishing Limited
Electronic properties and optical response of triangular and hexagonal MoS2 quantum dots. A DFT approach
No full textThe energy states of triangular and hexagonal MoS2 quantum dots are studies with the use of density functional theory, varying the dot size. The system edges are assumed to be passivated with sulfur-hydrogen atoms. In each case, spin-up and spin-down polarizations are investigated via the calculation of the energy gaps, density of states and the interband optical response. The structures are found to be small gap semiconductors. In addition, from the calculated real and imaginary parts of the dielectric function the static index of refraction and the so-called energy loss are evaluated. The effect of the particular dot geometry on the physical quantities under study is specially discussed. It is found that the specific triangular configuration with a total of 42 atoms in the border exhibits a very small energy bandgap associated with the spin-up polarization, which leads to a significant deviation of the value of the related static index of refraction, compared with the remaining structures investigated. From the first-principles calculation it has been also possible to evaluate the spin-polarization and estimate the total magnetic moment, which ranges from ∼2μB to ~14μB, depending on the dot size and geometry. © 201
University students' succession intention: GUESSS Colombia study evidence [Intención de sucesión en estudiantes universitarios: Evidencia del estudio GUESSS]
No full textDespite critical research on career choice intentions, we lack understanding of the antecedents to career choice intentions of successors, especially in emerging economy contexts. Building on the theory of planned behavior and with data obtained from GUESSS project, the article aims to analyze university students' career choice intentions within a family business context. Our findings suggest that students with family business background are pessimistic about being successor, but optimistic about pursuing an entrepreneurial career. The paper contributes to the entrepreneurship literature by adding up insights from emerging countries to the debate. © 2018.A pesar de la creciente investigación sobre intención de elección de carrera, todavía hace falta una mayor comprensión de los antecedentes de intención de ser sucesor, especialmente en contextos de economías emergentes. Apoyados en la teoría del comportamiento planeado y con datos del proyecto GUESSS, el artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las intenciones de elección de carrera de estudiantes universitarios en el contexto de empresa familiar. Nuestros hallazgos sugieren que estos estudiantes son pesimistas acerca de ser sucesores, pero optimistas respecto a seguir una carrera empresarial. El documento contribuye a la literatura sobre emprendimiento al tener evidencia de países emergentes. © 2018
Plasma diagnostic and microstructural study of WCN coatings growth by pulsed vacuum arc discharge
No full textIn this work, we present a study of the plasma evolution during tungsten carbon nitride (WCN) coatings production using the repetitive pulsed arc technique. For the coatings production, a tungsten carbide (WC) target, and a mixture of argon and nitrogen as the filled gas were used. The study was carried out for discharges generated with one, two, three, and four pulses. The WCN coatings were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) to identify the phases present in this material. The plasma was experimentally studied by optical emission spectroscopy (OES). A correlation was found between the spectral lines behavior and the material composition evolution. As the number of pulses increased, the intensity of the spectral lines also increased, especially in the case of the atomic lines of nitrogen, NI. The results were analysed to obtain information regarding the reactions in the plasma, as well as the electron temperature and density. © 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinhei
Order Reduction Rules Based on Statistical Techniques for Inverse Response Processes
No full textIn this work, we present a set of rules that transforms the model of Inverse Response Second Order Plus Dead Time Process (IRSODT) and reduces it to a First Order Plus Dead Time (FOPDT) model. We describe the design process for the proposed rules, where we use Dimensional Analysis Techniques and Design of Experiments (DOE). We analyze and compare our rules with those proposed by Taylor, and those proposed by Skogestad. Finally, we use our rules to tune a Sliding Mode Control (SMC) that uses a FOPDT model and we presented some performance indexes. © 2020 IEEE
What memory? The political effects and the symbolic order of the official works of memory [¿Cuál memoria? Los efectos políticos y el orden simbólico de los trabajos oficiales de memoria]
No full textObjective/context: This article constructs a concept of memory as an open story in a domain of political reflection. It analyses the exercises of official memory-building found in reports such as the one written by the Historical Memory Documentary Centre (CNMH) establishing their paradoxical function with respect to social order and the victims. The argument is based on a claim regarding the impossibility of an absolute or totalizing closure of the political meaning of any narrative resulting from such reports. Methodology: The study was based on a poststructuralist theoretical perspective, with some conceptual corrections of the materialist paradigm and in consideration of the fieldwork involving the victims of the Colombian armed conflict in previous studies. We particularly emphasize the testimony of one of the victims interviewed in one of these previous works. Conclusions: The paper concludes that memory must constitute an open story that specifies a political and discursive interaction with the irrepresentable traumas linked to society's historical foundation. Originality: Theoretical analyses of memory exercises usually exalt the role of memory narratives in overcoming violent events or defending a search for an alternative truth from the one produced institutionally. In this article, we highlight the incommensurability of the conflict and criticize the idea of memory narratives with a closed and stable symbolization. We set out the effects of the memory narratives on a political level in which the irrepresentable traumas that reflect unreconciled victims are at stake. © 2019 Universidad de los Andes, Bogota Colombia. All rights reserved
Strategic innovation and absorptive capacity in Colombian enterprises [La innovación estrategica y las capacidades de absorción en las empresas colombianas]
No full textThe paper presents a conceptual breakthrough and an empirical measurement of the strategic innovation and absorption capacities in the context of one hundred twenty organizations of Colombia, also it shows that innovation is considered, despite the few resources devoted to strengthening it; as a key success factor for companies, the results point to that most companies do not have a formal plan in which are defined the objectives, actions to be carried out, resources and budget needed for the development of innovation activities
Building a measurement system of higher education performance: evidence from a Latin-American country
No full textPurpose: The purpose of this paper aims to propose and validate a measurement scale for integrating performance in universities with a global and local Latin-American perspective. Design/methodology/approach: This research followed a sequential, mixed-method design which uses quantitative and qualitative approaches. The data collection and analysis used two stages. The first stage was a systematic literature review analysing the data through a bibliometric analysis followed by thematic analysis. From this stage emerged the global universities' performance thematic map, a flow diagram for universities' performance system and a measurement scale. The second stage validated this scale applying a survey to the academic and administrative staff members of two Colombian private universities. A total of 705 useable responses were collected and analysed using exploratory factor analysis and the SPSS software. Findings: The results validated five dimensions (research, resources, internationalisation, extension and academics) and 15 indicators proposed to determine the performance in universities. This study concluded that the instrument developed for measuring performance is a consistent starting point for the study of universities in Latin-American countries such as Colombia. Research limitations/implications: This study empirically validated the instrument for measuring performance from a systemic perspective at universities; however, a broader validation of the measurement scale is needed in the context of developing countries in Latin America to generalise the results. Practical implications: Results provide a starting point considering the Latin-American context. They could help in future studies to improve the understanding of performance management in higher education. Originality/value: Performance in universities has created multiple parameters and indicators, generating a lack of global consensus for their measurement. Thereof, this paper contributes to filling this gap in Latin-American universities. This work postulates a starting point considering the local context from global reported findings. It integrated the relations visually for sub-dimension and performance indicators into the university performance system. From this research emerged a novel theoretical hierarchical model for measuring university performance. © 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited
Voces de las aulas escolares en Brasil y Colombia. Experiencias significativas de transformación de las prácticas docentes
No full textLa presente publicación comprende una recopilación de experiencias significativas de docentes en diferentes municipios de Antioquia (Colombia) y de aulas brasileñas, todas ellas centradas en las prácticas pedagógicas de lectura y escritura. En ellas se incorporan elementos y estrategias innovadoras de los docentes para lograr una relación bidirectiva de enseñar y aprender. Por ello, resulta de gran importancia reconocer y contrastar cómo en los diferentes contextos educativos existen prácticas que son significativas y diferentes, las cuales hacen del acto pedagógico una propuesta para explorar acciones alternativas que trasciendan las metodologías tradicionales y privilegien las pedagogías activas, en las que estudiantes y maestros disfruten enseñar y aprender mutuamente.
Dicha recopilación pretende ayudar a los diferentes actores educativos a minimizar las falencias encontradas durante la fase diagnóstica de la investigación y reconocer la importancia del cambio en los procesos de enseñanza, toda vez que se conjugan dos elementos importantes para que los estudiantes puedan alcanzar aprendizajes significativos con el apoyo del dominio disciplinar y práctico del maestro.
En consecuencia, la construcción de esta obra se inspira en la posibilidad de hacer visibles ciertas prácticas docentes y formas posibles de sistematización e investigación en el aula, en procura de hacer de la acción docente la posibilidad de escritura, construcción de conocimiento, transformación de las acciones y generación de mayores impactos formativos