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Análisis de datos metabólicos y calidad de vida del tratamiento con asa cerrada en pacientes pediátricos con diabetes mellitus tipo 1
Get PDFIntroducción:
La diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DT1) en pediatría tiene una incidencia creciente en España (17,69 casos/100.000 habitantes-año) y conlleva un alto riesgo cardiovascular. Los sistemas de asa cerrada (AHCL) han revolucionado su manejo, pero la evidencia en niños es limitada, especialmente en contextos como campamentos. Esta tesis evalúa:
- Impacto glucométrico y calidad de vida con AHCL y relación con la edad al debut.
- Seguridad y eficacia de AHCL en un campamento de diabetes.
Metodología:
- Proyecto 1: Estudio prospectivo con 28 pacientes (6-17 años) que cambiaron de ISCI+MCGi a AHCL (MiniMed™780G). Se midieron variables glucométricas y calidad de vida de cuidadores (sueño y satisfacción con el tratamiento) a lo largo de 6 meses, estratificando por edad al debut (≤4 vs. >4 años).
- Proyecto 2: Estudio prospectivo con 27 pacientes (8-15 años) que usaron AHCL (MiniMed™780G/Control-IQ) en un campamento de diabetes de 7 días, con seguimiento posterior durante 3 semanas. Se evaluó seguridad y control glucométrico en entorno no domiciliario.
Resultados:
- Proyecto 1: TIR y el tiempo en hiperglucemia mejoró significativamente en las primeras 48 horas (TIR 59,44→74,29%; TAR1 24,44→18,96%; TAR2 11,71→3,82%, p<0,001), manteniéndose estable a los 6 meses. Los pacientes con debut ≤4 años presentaron peor TIR basal (53,07% vs. 67,42%, p<0,0004) y mayor tiempo en hiperglucemia. Los objetivos de hipoglucemia ya se alcanzaban con ISCI+MCGi. No hubo cambios significativos en calidad de vida reportada por cuidadores.
- Proyecto 2: Durante el campamento, el TIR se mantuvo >70% sin episodios graves (hipoglucemia nivel 3 o cetoacidosis). No hubo diferencias entre sistemas AHCL.Conclusiones: - El AHCL mejora el control glucométrico desde las primeras 48 horas, especialmente en TIR y TAR1/TAR2. - El debut ≤4 años se asocia a peor control glucométrico, incluso con AHCL. - Los AHCL son seguros y eficaces en entornos no domiciliarios como los campamentos de diabetes
Immunomodulatory effects of a short-term gluten-free diet on pediatric celiac disease: findings from a single-cell transcriptomics study.
Get PDFCeliac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder with a strong genetic component, triggered by gluten ingestion. Although a Gluten-Free Diet (GFD) is the standard treatment, its short-term effects on immune cell modulation in pediatric CD remain largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate transcriptional changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of pediatric CD patients following a strict GFD for 9–10 months, using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). An observational longitudinal study was conducted on five pediatric CD patients pre-GFD and post-GFD (confirmed by gluten immunogenic peptide determination in feces). PBMCs were analyzed using droplet-based scRNA-seq to identify cluster markers and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between pre-GFD and post-GFD cells. Nineteen immune cell clusters encompassing a variety of classical immune cell subtypes were identified. Key findings included the downregulation of pro-inflammatory genes and the upregulation of immune-regulatory genes after a GFD in different immune cell subsets. Changes in macrophages and monocytes suggested improved immune balance, while T cells demonstrated a shift towards reduced effector activity. Notably, post-GFD regulatory T cells transitioned into a trajectory towards enhanced immunosuppressive profiles, as evidenced by increased HLA-G and decreased DDX5 expression. A strict short-term GFD induced significant immune modulation in pediatric CD patients, highlighting potential biomarkers for disease monitoring. Nevertheless, due to the small sample size, results should be interpreted with caution, and larger cohort studies are needed for further confirmation and validation. These findings provide insights into the immunological mechanisms of GFD and suggest avenues for non-invasive diagnostic strategies to enhance patient management.This work was supported by the Andalusian Government through the research projects of ‘Financiación de la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación Biomédica y en Ciencias de la Salud en Andalucía’ (ref. PI-0070-2024) and ‘Proyectos de investigación Aplicada del Plan Propio de Investigación y Transferencia de la Universidad de Granada 2023’ (ref. C-CTS-301-UGR23). This work has been partially funded by the research grant “Ayuda a la investigación” from the SPAO 2023 edition and the Beca de investigación Vicente Varea scholarship from the Sociedad Española de Gastroenterología, Hepatología y Nutrición Pediátrica (SEGHNP) 2023 edition
A weighted weak-type multilinear gradient inequality
Get PDFWe characterize the weights w,v1,v2,…,vm for which the weak-type multilinear gradient inequality
‖∏i=1mfi‖p,∞;w≤C∏i=1m‖x⋅∇fi(x)‖pi,vi
holds for all f1,f2,…,fm∈Cc∞(Rn) in the case 1p=1p1+1p2+⋯+1pm.Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga/CBU
In vitro negative effects of beach-cast invasive marine seaweed Rugulopteryx okamurae across life-stages of a native foundational species
Get PDFThe exotic invasive seaweed Rugulopteryx okamurae (Dictyotales, Ochrophyta) have posed a serious threat to coastal and marine habitats since its appearance in 2015 in the Strait of Gibraltar. This, together with multiple global change stressors, is leading to the disappearance of native foundational seaweeds. Here we explored the potential impacts that decomposing thalli of beach-cast R. okamurae (BCRo) might have on different life-stages of a native foundational seaweed (Ericaria selaginoides, Fucales, Ochrophyta). The in vitro effects of different biomass densities of BCRo and time exposure, in combination with three warming scenarios, were assessed across single- and few-celled stages and adult thalli of the native species. We hypothesized that R. okamurae might interfere in the survival and growth of E. selaginoides either by allelopathic interactions or water acidification, due to low intracellular pH of R. okamurae tissues. Sensitivity of E. selaginoides to the exposure of BCRo was stage- and thermal-dependent and decreased during early ontogenesis. Unfertilized oospheres (female gametes) exposed to BCRo experienced apoptotic-like cell death within less than 180 s, while embryo survival and germination dropped by 50 % and 36 %, respectively. Warming effects were not additive to that of BCRo, since higher growth reductions in 7-d old juveniles of E. selaginoides were detected at lower (20 °C) but not at higher temperatures (28 °C). Adults of E. selaginoides were the less sensitive stage but their growth was up to 7-times lower under BCRo addition. BCRo acidified natural sea water proportionally to the density and incubation time, reaching a pH of 7.2 after 24 h. However, that pH was not limiting for E. selaginoides juveniles and even enhanced their growth, suggesting an alternative chemical effect.Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBU
Communication Strategies of Startups During the Natural Catastrophe of the 2024 DANA: Impact on Public Opinion and Business Reputation
Get PDFIn October 2024, a DANA (Isolated Depression at High Levels) triggered torrential rains across the Valencian Community, causing 227 deaths, severe infrastructure damage, and economic losses estimated at €17.8 billion. In this context of crisis, startups, despite having fewer resources and less experience than large corporations, played a significant role in crisis communication, shaping public perception and operational continuity. This study explores the communication strategies adopted by startups during and after the disaster, focusing on their activity on Instagram, TikTok, and Facebook between October 2024 and January 2025. Using a mixed-methods approach, we conducted a quantitative analysis of digital discourse through the Fanpage Karma tool, assessing metrics such as engagement, reach, and posting frequency. Sentiment analysis was performed using GPT-4, an advanced natural language processing model, and in-depth interviews with startup representatives provided qualitative insights into reputational impacts. The findings reveal that startups which aligned their discourse with the social context, prioritizing transparency and emotional proximity, enhanced their visibility and credibility. These results underscore how effective crisis communication not only mitigates reputational risk but also strengthens the local entrepreneurial ecosystem through trust-building and social responsibility
The most gender-equal Olympics? A corpus-assisted keywords analysis of Italian press coverage of male and female athletes in Paris 2024
Get PDFPID2020-115310RB-I00
PID2022-141057OBI00The Paris 2024 Olympic Games were the most gender-equal in athlete participation. This article analyzes Italian media coverage to assess the representation of male and female athletes, focusing on narrative equality and gender biases. Using a corpus of Italian daily journal articles, we conducted a Corpus-Assisted Discourse Analysis. Results show that women’s sports received less coverage than men’s, are more likely to be represented in traditionally “feminine” sports like gymnastics, while in other sports they were underrepresented. The media emphasized gender and regulatory issues, especially concerning transgender athletes. Additionally, female athletes were often depicted through emotional lenses, while male athletes were framed through competitiveness and achievement. Despite growing participation equality, media portrayals of athletes remain influenced by traditional gendered narratives, indicating a need for further examination as sports media evolves.Margarita Salas research program from the Spanish Ministry of Universities, supported by the European Union – Next Generation EUAnálisis de Sentimiento de base lingüística con parsing retórico-discursivo (DisParSA) (2021–2025) is funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and InnovationThe R&D&I project Alfabetización Crítica Feminista en la Formación Inicial Docente para Abordar los Discursos Multimodales de la Cultura Mediática y el Metaverso (Freedom), PID2022-141057OBI00, is funded by the Ministry of Universities, the State Research Agency, and co-funded by the European Unio
Relación entre las estrategias de regulación cognitivo-emocional y los roles en el ciberacoso en adolescentes españoles
Get PDFhttps://www.revistapcna.com/es/presentaci%C3%B3nEl ciberacoso es un fenómeno que conlleva efectos muy nocivos sobre la salud mental de los adolescentes, que parece haber experimentado un incremento de su prevalencia durante la pandemia por Covid-19. Existe evidencia de que las estrategias de regulación cognitivo-emocional pueden predecir la perpetración o victimización de comportamientos violentos. No obstante, hay una escasez de estudios que analicen específicamente cómo se relacionan los diferentes roles en el ciberacoso (cibervíctima, ciberagresor y cibervíctima-ciberagresor) con el uso dichas estrategias de regulación emocional. Por ello, los objetivos del presente estudio fueron: analizar la prevalencia de los distintos roles del ciberacoso en una muestra de adolescentes españoles; y explorar qué estrategias de afrontamiento de regulación cognitivo-emocional contribuyen a que los adolescentes acaben ejerciendo cada uno de los roles de implicación en el ciberacoso. Una muestra de 1,389 estudiantes cumplimentó dos cuestionarios que evaluaban el ciberacoso y el uso de las estrategias de regulación cognitivo-emocional. Los resultados arrojaron una prevalencia elevada para cada uno de los roles del ciberacoso. Asimismo, el uso de algunas estrategias determinaba una mayor probabilidad de ejercer cada uno de los perfiles. Concretamente, el uso de las estrategias de catastrofismo, culpar a los demás y autoculpa significativamente incrementaban la probabilidad de implicarse en situaciones de ciberacoso ejerciendo alguno de los roles como cibervíctimas, ciberagresores y como cibervíctimas-ciberagresores, respectivamente. Dichos resultados apuntan hacia el desarrollo de programas de prevención e intervención en ciberacoso centrados en estrategias de regulación cognitivo-emocional específicos para cada rol.Parte del proyecto I+D+i PID2020-117006RB-I00, financiado por MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033Grupo de investigación Applied Positive Lab CTS-1048G-FEDER (Junta de Andalucía)Ayuda FPU23/03374, financiada por MICIU/AEI /10.13039/501100011033 y por el FSE+ (V. Sánchez-Moreno)Universidad de Málaga (M. T. Chamizo-Nieto bajo un contrato postdoctoral
Questionnaire: Artificial Intelligence in Translation Project Management
Get PDFCuestionario/encuesta empleada para un estudio sobre la aplicación de la inteligencia artificial a la gestión de proyectos de traducció
Natural History of Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Liver Injury and Prognostic Models
Get PDFBackground and Aims: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) remains a leading cause of acute liver failure worldwide. Drugs such as isoniazid, alone or in combination with other anti-tuberculosis drugs, as well as a growing number of herbal and complementary medicines, have been implicated in most cases of acute liver failure in registry studies. Methods: This review summarizes current knowdledge on the acute and chronic outcomes in patients with idiosyncratic DILI and discusses several of
the existing prognostic models. Results and Conclusions: The reasons why some individuals progress from DILI to end-stage liver disease are still largely unknown. However, collaborative efforts over the past few decades have provided figures on the relative incidence of drug-induced acute liver failure and allowed the development of prognostic models to predict this worse outcome at the onset of the event. The outcome of chronic DILI is less well characterised due to the lack of sufficient follow-up in cohort studies, but several phenotypes of DILI can progress to chronicity, and specific drugs such as nitrofurantoin or amiodarone are classic examples of agents leading to chronic forms of DILI. Therapy for drug-induced acute liver failure and chronic DILI is mainly supportive, although some randomised clinical trials have shown beneficial effects of N-acetylcysteine and corticosteroids.This study was supported by grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III cofounded by Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional-FEDER. (contract numbers: PI21/01248 and PI24/01205). Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBU
Corporeal Abjection and Hopefulness in Oscar Wilde's "Charmides" (1881).
Get PDFThis paper addresses the potential relationship between corporality, abjection, and hope in Oscar Wilde’s
“Charmides” (1881). The main aim of inspecting this connection is to establish how Wilde makes use of abjection in order to defend the idea that sexual dissidence can, indeed, offer the possibility of hope. In other words, the paper focuses on how Wilde describes abject bodies and abject bodily acts in the poem in a way that ultimately defies the social and moral conventions of his period. It argues that acts that may be considered abject –such as same-sex desire– can be hopeful when addressed from a different perspective. This paper hopes to establish a clear connection between the poem, the abject, and Wilde’s defiance of the sexual mores of his period.Proyecto de investigación 'Orientation: Towards a Dynamic Understanding of Contemporary Fiction and Culture (1990s-2000s)', financiado por el Ministerio Español de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades