83602 research outputs found
Sort by
Effects of vitamin E on growth and maturation in the Asian catfish (Clarias macrocephalus) at puberty
Get PDFThe maturation of male fish is a problematic aspect of Clarias macrocephalus and probably one of the causes of the population's disappearance in the usual places where they once abound. The present study aimed to explore feed additives to enhance its maturation from puberty. Vitamin E (VE) is essential in the reproduction of animals, including fish. A growth trial was conducted in which groups of C. macrocephalus were fed experimental diets containing graded levels of VE in the form of α-tocopheryl acetate (α-TA), namely, 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg VE·kg-1 diet. After 90 days, growth and maturation were assessed, and reproductive performance was tested by conducting induced spawning and artificial fertilization. Results showed growth and nutrient utilization indices were better in groups fed diets containing VE than in the control group. Maturation indices such as GSI, gonad weight, lengths, egg diameter, and fecundity were enhanced in the VE-treated groups. Reproductive performance, such as fertilization, hatching, and larval survival rate, was enhanced in C. macrocephalus broodstock in VE-treated groups. Quantitative estimates for optimal VE dose that elicited maximal response values ranged from 202.1 to 230.0 mg VE·kg-1 diet
The Dynamics of Language Shift among Lawa-Speaking Families in Northern Thailand
Get PDFThis paper examines Lawa language shift, vitality, and endangerment on the family level in Northern Thailand using a six-question set adapted from the five key questions of the Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale (EGIDS). Data was taken from 1,061 participants from six Lawa villages in Chiang Mai and Mae Hong Son Provinces. Though never used as a vernacular, Lawa maintains a role as a home language/community language. The results show different degrees of vitality across villages, from fluency to near extinction. This study anticipates that Western Lawa speakers will shift to Northern Thai and Central Thai gradually in every village, while Eastern Lawa speakers will shift more quickly. Thus, linguistic vitality will continue to worsen due to less intergenerational language transmission
Variations in Gonadosomatic Index, Gonadal Development and Spawning Induction of Spotted Scat Scatophagus argus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Get PDFThis study evaluated variations in gonadosomatic index (GSI), gonadal development stages, and hormonal spawning induction of Scatophagus argus in captivity. Male and female fish were cultured separately in net cages in Tam Giang lagoon, Central Vietnam, from January to December 2020. Five fish of each sex were randomly sampled monthly. Gonads were collected, GSI determined, and subsequently prepared for histology. Gamete quality was assessed with a light microscope. Spawning was hormonally induced with different doses of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and luteinizing hormone-release hormone (LHRH-A2). Gonadal development started to increase in March, peaking in July. The peak spawning period of the fish was from June to August, displaying the highest GSI value, sperm motility, and oocyte diameter. Only female GSI fluctuated significantly month-by-month (P<0.05). Histological examination indicated that S. argus is a multiple-spawner. Application of LHRH-A2 (70 µg/kg) stimulated spawning and resulted in better latency periods, fertilization, and hatching rates
Oral History Finding Aid: Edna Farden Bekeart
Get PDFOral history finding aid of interviews with Edna Kapuaolani Farden Bekeart who was born in Lāhainā, Maui in 1917. Interview footage and transcripts are available in the Hula Preservation Society library. For questions regarding materials referenced herein, and/or Access & Use of content, please contact them
Oral History Finding Aid: Lehua Weatherwax
Get PDFOral history finding aid of interviews with Lehuapane Christina Lee Loy Weatherwax who was born in Waiākea, Hilo, Hawaiʻi Island in 1926. Interview footage and transcripts are available in the Hula Preservation Society library. For questions regarding materials referenced herein, and/or Access & Use of content, please contact them
Solo Presentation Finding Aid: The Legacy of Uncle George Holokai, 2005
Get PDFSolo presentation finding aid of presentation honoring the legacy of George Ainsley Kananiokeakua Holokai at Maui Community College, Kahului, Pūʻali Komohana, Maui on July 28, 2005. Video footage is available in the Hula Preservation Society library. For questions regarding materials referenced herein, and/or Access & Use of content, please contact them
Apparent digestibility coefficients of carbohydrates and enzymes activity in major carps in response to Chromium Chloride Hexahydrate
Get PDFThis study investigated the effect of carbohydrate-based corn diets with chromium chloride hexahydrate supplementation on nutrient digestibility and enzyme activity in major carps (Cirrhinus mrigala, Catla catla, and Labeo rohita) for a period of 90 days. One control (T1) and five experimental diets (T2, T3, T4, T5, T6) were prepared by using gelatinized and non-gelatinized corn with the combination of various levels (0.0, 0.6, and 0.8 mg/kg) of CrCl3H12O6. After acclimatization with a control diet (T1) (32% CP), twenty fingerlings of these species were randomly stocked in eighteen digestibility tanks, each with one replicate. At the end of the trial, results showed that gelatinized corn with chromium supplementation significantly enhanced (P<0.05) digestibility of nutrients and enzyme activities (amylase and protease) in liver and gut in all treated groups. Crude protein (76.05±0.54), crude lipid (84.53±0.46), carbohydrate (69.15±2.19), and gross energy (76.92±0.74) showed the highest apparent digestibility in Labeo rohita as compared to Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala. While highest amylase (liver:3.27±0.126 U/ml and gut: 1.29±0.045 U/ml) and protease activity (liver:1.22±0.116 U/ml and gut 3.42±0.087 U/ml) was recorded in Catla catla subsequently followed by Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala. Among the treatments, highest amylase activity was observed in the corn gelatinized group at 0.6 mg/kg chromium level, while maximum protease activity was observed at 0.8 mg/kg of chromium level (gelatinized group). Comparison among gelatinized and non-gelatinized corn diets suggested that gelatinization in fish feed performed best as a carbohydrate energy source with chromium supplementation at an appropriate level (0.6 mg/kg) for three major carps as compared to non-gelatinized corn
Effect of dietary lysine level on the growth performance of orange-spotted rabbitfish (Siganus guttatus) fingerlings
Get PDFThe study aimed to determine the optimum dietary lysine level of the orange-spotted rabbitfish Siganus guttatus Bloch, 1787 (average body weight range of 5.2 to 7.6 gxfish-1). The feeding trial was conducted for 8 weeks employing six experimental diets which were isonitrogenous, isocaloric, and isolipidic (35% crude protein (CP), 18.3 MJxkg-1 of gross energy, and 5% lipid). The lysine content ranged from 1.22 g to 2.12 g lysine xkg-1 dry diet (35 to 70 gxkg-1 CP). Results showed that percent weight gain (PWG), and specific growth rate (SGR) peaked at a lysine level of about 55 gxkg-1 CP equivalent to 1.93 gxkg dry diet-1). Feed efficiencies i.e., protein efficiency ratio and food conversion ratio values as well as survival were not affected by the dietary treatments. Lysine requirement level for juvenile rabbitfish was estimated using both broken-line and quadratic regression analyses of PWG and SGR against dietary lysine levels to be between 15.9 and 18.3 gxkg-1 diet (=45.3 and 52.3 gxkg-1 CP)
Preliminary screening, identification and biological characteristic analysis of Bacillus probiotics isolated from Cynoglossus semilaevis
Get PDFTo screen local probiotic strains to promote antibiotic-free farming, two potential probiotic strains (S3, S5) were recognized among 89 cultivable bacterial strains isolated from the intestine of healthy Cynoglossus semilaevis. The two potential probiotic isolates were analyzed in terms of their morphology, physiology, biochemistry, the similarity of 16S rDNA sequences, growth characteristics, enzyme production capacity, bacterial antagonism, and safety in C. semilaevis. The results revealed that the bacterial morphology and physiological and biochemical characteristics of S3 and S5 were similar to those of Bacillus subtilis. The 16S rDNA sequences had 99.9 % similarity to that of Bacillus subtilis MH 145363.1. Therefore, S3 and S5 were identified as B. subtilis. In addition, we found that S3 and S5 had a strong ability to secrete amylase, protease, and lipase. During the safety tests of S3 and S5 in C. semilaevis with high concentrations, C. semilaevis in immersion, injection, and feeding groups remained in good condition without falling ill or dying. Moreover, we found that S3 and S5 exhibited superior growth at 25~50℃, salinities of 10 to 40, and pH values of 5 to 9. Furthermore, S3 and S5 had significant bacteriostatic activity against Vibrio anguillarum, Aeromonas salmonicida, and Shewanella algae, which are the main pathogenic bacteria of mariculture fish. In summary, S3 and S5 showed superb inhibition of the pathogenic bacteria of marine fish, rapid growth, eurythermal and euryhaline features, and suitability for the intestinal environment of C. semilaevis. Thus, strains S3 and S5 have excellent commercial development potential. These results provide a basis for ecological disease prevention strategies and are also valuable for developing and utilizing probiotics
Effect of Vitamin B Complex and Phosphorus on Stress Resistance and Phosphorus Uptake in Barramundi
Get PDFBarramundi, the Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer Bloch 1790), is a valuable aquaculture commodity, but seed survival is generally low. This study used a completely randomized design (two factors; 16 treatments; 3 replicates) to examine the effect of adding vitamin B complex and phosphorus to the rearing media on the survival, stress resistance, and phosphorus content of barramundi larvae. Barramundi larvae aged two days were stocked at a density of 25 fish L-1 in 40 L green plastic basins (30 L water) and reared for 30 days with natural feed (Chlorella and rotifers). The factor I was vitamin B complex with 4 levels: 0, 75, 150, and 225 mg L-1. Factor II was phosphorus with four levels: 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg L-1. Commercially available B vitamin complex and phosphorus mineral supplements were dissolved in water and added to the larval-rearing media. Analysis of variance showed that the combination of vitamin B complex and phosphorus treatments had a significant effect (P < 0.01) on survival, stress resistance, and phosphorus uptake. Survival and phosphorus content in barramundi larvae were highest with a combination of 150 mg L-1 vitamin B complex and 1.0 mg L-1 phosphorus and lowest in control (0 mg L-1 of both additives)