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Novel Bacteriophage KG853 Exhibits Potent Lytic Activity and Biofilm Inhibition Against <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>
No full textThis study reports the isolation and characterization of a novel bacteriophage, KG853, specifically targeting Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. Morphological analysis using transmission electron microscopy revealed that bacteriophage KG853 belongs to the Bruynoghevirus genus. The phage demonstrated favorable characteristics for potential therapeutic applications, including a short latent period of 30 minutes and a large burst size of 136 plaque-forming units (PFU) per cell. KG853 exhibited stability across various temperatures and pH values, indicating its robustness under various environmental conditions. Genomic analysis showed that KG853 possesses a circular DNA genome of 45,390 base pairs with a GC content of 52.2%. No lysogenic or virulence genes were detected among the 84 open reading frames annotated in the genome, suggesting its safety for potential therapeutic use. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that phage KG853 is closely related to phage PaP3. Notably, KG853 demonstrated the ability to inhibit the formation of 4-hour biofilms by P. aeruginosa, a critical virulence factor in many infections. Host range analysis showed that KG853 is specific to P. aeruginosa, an important characteristic for targeted therapy. These findings suggest that bacteriophage KG853 represents a promising candidate for combating drug-resistant P. aeruginosa infections. Its specific host range, robust physical characteristics, lack of harmful genes, and anti-biofilm activity make it a potential alternative to conventional antibiotics. Further research is warranted to explore its efficacy in in vivo models and potential clinical applications
Legislative files: Other legislation: "Laws that Treat Hawaii Differently": Military and defense: Veterans Administration
No full textLegislative files: Other legislation: "Laws that Treat Hawaii Differently": Transportation and communication: Department of Transportation
No full textEffects of different feeding rates on growth performance, intestinal digestive enzyme activity, and intestinal microbial composition of red swamp crayfish (<em>Procambarus clarkii</em>)
Get PDFThe study aimed to investigate the effects of different feeding rates on the growth, muscle composition, intestinal digestive enzyme activities, and intestinal microbiota composition of juvenile crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). A total of 240 crayfish with an initial body weight of 8.33±0.50 g were randomly distributed into five groups, and each group had three replicates. The five groups corresponded to five different feeding rates of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% body weight per day (BW/day). The feeding trial lasted for six weeks. The results showed that the final body weight (FBW), weight gain rate (WGR), and specific growth rate (SGR) first increased when the feed rate increased from 2% to 6 % (P0.05). The moisture, crude protein, crude fat, and ash contents of crayfish muscle remained unchanged among all feeding rate groups. Intestinal activities of lipase and amylase increase with the feeding rate (up to 6%) increasing (PP. clarkii
Study on Individual Fecundity of <em>Hemibarbus medius</em> in Beiliu River
No full textFish individual fecundity is an important factor governing fish replenishment and population dynamics. An in-depth understanding of the dynamics of fish fecundity is not only important for the study of fish and fisheries ecology but also of great practical significance. From mid-February to early March 2023, we collected 99 samples of Hemibarbus medius in the Beiliu River and analyzed their body length, body weight, empty shell weight, and gonadal weight. Using the weighing mass method, we calculated the absolute fecundity of each individual, relative fecundity in terms of the body length and weight, gonadosomatic index, and Fulton's condition factor. We used six mathematical models to fit the relationship between individual fecundity and the biological indicators of H. medius. The study demonstrated that the female-to-male ratio in the samples was 1.06:1, and the minimum age for sexual maturity was observed as 1+ and 0+ years old for females and males, respectively. Furthermore, the body lengths of females with gonadal development of stage IV or above ranged from 11.5 to 25.7 cm, while their body weights ranged from 24.04 to 263.42 g. The absolute fecundity of individuals varied significantly, ranging from 195 to 14,044 eggs. The relative fecundity of the lengths was between 17 to 624 eggs/cm, while the relative fecundity of the body weights ranged from 5 to 76 eggs/g. This study established that absolute fecundity exhibits power function correlations with various biological indicators except for parabolic correlation with Fulton's condition factor of H. medius, whereas body length relative fecundity demonstrates power function correlations with all biological indicators except parabolic correlations with empty shell weight and Fulton's condition factor. Notably, body weight relative fecundity displays significant correlations only with the gonadosomatic index. These findings are crucial in accurately estimating the population size of H. medius in Beiliu River and its change pattern. In addition, these findings provide a foundation for resource management and rational utilization of H. medius in the Beaulieu River
500 Proto Austroasiatic Etyma: Version 1.0
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper is to provide a citable list of Austroasiatic (AA) etymologies and reconstructions that represents the current state of the art, superseding older works such as Peiros (2005) and Shorto (2006). It is an initial release of 500 numbered etyma; as the current project progresses, there will be one or more subsequent releases that extend the list. It is planned that the same data set will form the basis of a collaborative project to be hosted on the icaal.net website of the International Conference on Austroasiatic Linguistics
Establishing a fish repository at Ege University Faculty of Fisheries (1965-2023): A Journey on a long and challenging road to becoming a museum
Get PDFThis study examined preserved marine fish specimens collected from numerous field surveys conducted along Türkiye's Black Sea, Marmara, Aegean, and Mediterranean coasts since 1965. Our review and categorization of these materials revealed that the specimens belong to 360 species from 131 families. Current data shows that the museum collection includes 20 species of cartilaginous fish and 8 species of bony fish listed as endangered on the IUCN Red List, alongside 54 non-native fish species. Prepared according to museum standards by Ege University Fisheries Faculty's Scientific Material (ESFM), this collection of Turkish marine fish constitutes 66% of all Turkish marine fish fauna. This makes it the largest and oldest marine fish collection in Türkiye. Considering Türkiye's maritime borders with neighboring countries, this collection is significant nationally and globally. Given the diverse marine fish species in Turkish seas over the past half-century, this preserved material is a vital reference for local and foreign ichthyologists. If organized and transformed into a visitable museum, this extensive collection could raise awareness about the diversity of marine fish species in our seas. As a result, we have established the " biological repository of Turkish Marine Fish Department" in the Faculty Museum, now known as the Fisheries Faculty's Scientific Material (ESFM) at Ege University. We present the fish in the collection as a species list
Deformities in <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em> caused by infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis viral (IHHNV) infection in intensive grow-out ponds of South east coast of India
Get PDFInfectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV) is a harmful virus that is responsible for the remarkable economic loss of Litopenaeus vannamei culture. IHHNV was first observed in shrimps, which were characterized by light microscopy, SEM, and TEM. The infected shrimps showed severe morphological deformity, including reduced body size, bent rostrum, shrunken and twisted antenna, rough cuticles, shrunken eyes, and rigid muscles. The antennal segments of the infected shrimps were fused together, puffy, dented, bent, and rough, as observed under a scanning electron microscope. The affected shrimps also showed tumor-like growth (hyperplasia) at the lateral position of the carapace in which the gastrofrontal sulcus was bent. This hyperplasia was found to be soft. In addition, the connective tissue of the diseased shrimp was in a degraded state, and the muscle fibers were despoiled. The nucleus of the cells from the infected gill cells of the shrimps was almost occupied by viral icosahedral particles, which TEM revealed. These viral particles were also found in the cytoplasm in a scattered manner within the same cells and were identified as IHHNV, as confirmed by polymerase chain reaction
Biological characteristics of <em>Moolgarda cunnesius</em> (Valenciennes, 1836) in Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam
Get PDFMoolgarda cunnesius (Valenciennes, 1836) is a species of the Mugilidae family, commonly known as a delicious fish with high nutritional and economic value, making it very promising. Zoological research methods and DNA barcoding are used to study this fish. Morphological Characteristics: The Leaf mullet has 62 to 75 gill rakers on the lower limb of the first gill arch. The upper jaw is slightly curved downward, and the anterior margin of the anterior alveolar is slightly concave. The body has 37 to 43 scales. The first dorsal fin has 4 spines, while the second dorsal fin is smaller and starts behind the anal fin. Pectoral Fins: These fins are 2/3 of the head length. Anal and Pelvic Fins: These fins are small. The second dorsal and anal fins have few scales, with scales only on the anterior and basal parts. The dorsal surface is green, the flanks and abdomen are iridescent silver, and the fins are slightly dull. There is a difference in the measurement criteria between the study areas, but there is no difference between male and female groups. Mahalanobis distance analysis showed no conformational difference between male and female groups of M. cunnesius and no similarity between sexes. Nutritional biological characteristics: The food composition includes a variety of zooplankton phytoplankton benthic animals, and organic detritus. Organic humus has the highest occurrence, followed by dinoflagellates, blue-green algae, diatoms, and the lowest is arthropods. This diverse food composition illustrates that M. cunnesius is an omnivorous species. Genetic Characteristics: COI gene DNA barcoding was used to study the genetic diversity of M. cunnesius in two regions of the North and the South of Tam Giang lagoon. Amplified and sequenced 10 samples of the COI gene of M. cunnesius in Tam Giang lagoon recorded a size of 650 bp. The rate of difference in COI sequences of the 2 samples is low compared to previous studies. The similarity coefficient of M. cunnesius in the two areas of Tam Giang lagoon is very high (0.9953)