83602 research outputs found
Sort by
Legislative files: Other legislation: "Laws that Treat Hawaii Differently": Appendix: Federal statutes - continental United States (copies of statutes themselves)
No full textEffects of chronic heat stress on spleen structure, apoptosis and immune response in Siberian Sturgeon (<em>Acipenser baerii</em>)
Get PDFChronic heat stress induced by global warming has important implications for fish survival, and the response of important immune organs, such as the spleen, to chronic heat stress remains to be investigated. In this study, one control group (20 ℃) and two heat stress groups (24 ℃ and 28 ℃) were set up to investigate the effects of heat stress on the spleen of Siberian Sturgeon (Acipenser baerii). As per the histological section analysis, heat stress caused vacuolization, reticulocyte hyperplasia, and macrophage infiltration in the spleen, with hyperplasia being more pronounced in the 28 ℃ group. The flow cytometry results showed that the spleen's apoptosis level significantly increased at 28 ℃ (p A. baerii spleen and contributes to the understanding of coping strategies of cold-water fish to chronic heat stress
Legislative files: Other legislation: "Laws that Treat Hawaii Differently": Appendix: Joint travel regulations (2 of 3)
Get PDFVoice And Pronominal Forms In Kayan (Uma Nyaving)
Get PDFWe provide a description of the basic clausal syntax of the Kayan language of Borneo (Austronesian) as spoken in Uma Nyaving (Sarawak, Malaysia), with particular emphasis on the inventory of voice and pronominal forms and their interactions. We show that this variety of Kayan includes two distinct types of analytic passive constructions, an undergoer voice construction specifically encoding first or second person agent features, and a maximally four-way distinction between pronominal forms. We highlight similarities to voice and pronominal forms in related language varieties of the region, and also discuss the potential historical relationship between different passive marker forms. Uma Nyaving Kayan’s voice and pronominal system exemplifies a profile of grammatical features that have been described as “Central Bornean type.
Comparative analysis of the structural and compositional change of spotted sea bass (<em>Lateolabrax maculatus</em>) gut microflora following <em>Aeromonas veronii</em> infection and the effects of <em>Lactobacillus plantarum</em> on these changes
No full textGrowing evidence suggests a close relationship between gut microbiota and infectious diseases. However, the specific role of gut microbiota in host-pathogen interactions during aquaculture-related infections remains poorly understood. This study investigated the diversity and composition of gut microbiota communities in Aeromonas veronii-infected Lateolabrax maculatus using high-throughput sequencing. The results revealed significant changes in the structure and composition of L. maculatus gut microbiota after A. veronii infection. Over time, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes decreased significantly, while Proteobacteria increased significantly after A. veronii infection. Most intestinal bacteria showed a decline in abundance over time, with probiotics (such as Lactobacillus) experiencing a significant decrease and pathogens (such as Aeromonas) showing a significant increase. Conversely, no differences were observed in the structure and composition of gut microbiota between healthy L. maculatus and those infected with A. veronii after treatment with Lactobacillus plantarum; no changes in relative abundances of other bacterial phyla or genera except for Aeromonas. Furthermore, intestinal flora's structural diversity and composition differed significantly from untreated L. maculatus infected with A. veronii. These findings suggest alterations in the structure and composition of gut microbiota following A. veronii infection. L. plantarum can maintain a dynamic balance within the intestinal flora, reducing the potential risk of pathogen infections
Tail-head Linkage in Papuan Malay
Get PDFThis paper describes tail-head linkage (THL) in Papuan Malay, spoken in coastal West Papua. Four aspects are examined, the compositional, relational and functional properties, and the different discourse genres. As regards the compositional properties, Papuan Malay does not make a morphosyntactic distinction between the tail and the head clause; both clause types are of the same rank. The intonation contour is characterized by a falling intonation in the tail clause and a rising intonation in the head clause which indicates continuation. In recapitulating the tail clause event, speakers typically employ recapitulative linkage, and less often mixed or summary linkage. Concerning the relational properties, the content connection between the head and the discourse-new clause is most often a semantic one of sequential temporality, and less often a parenthetical or quote connection. The main functions of THL are to ensure discourse cohesion and to facilitate processing ease. With respect to its cohesive function, two distinct features are that THL tends to signal thematic discontinuity rather than continuity, and that THL marks the discourse-new rather than the head clause to signal discontinuity. The processual functions are achieved through the repetition of information and distribution of arguments over two or more clauses. As for the discourse genres, THL most often occurs in narrative discourses, and less frequently in procedural and conversational discourses
