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Effects of short-time fasting and feeding frequencies within 24 hours on histology, cholecystokinin and trypsin enzyme activities of digestive organs in black bream, Megalobrama pellegrini (Tchang, 1930), juvenile
No full textTo study the regulation and feedback mechanism of cholecystokinin and trypsin in Black bream, Megalobrama pellegrini (Tchang, 1930) 60 days after hatching under 15 days short-term fasting and different feeding frequencies within 24 hours during the same period, Black bream (wet weight 183.75 ± 61.16 mg, total length 20.74 ± 4.08 mm) developed in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) were selected. In the short-term fasting trial, body weight, trypsin, and cholecystokinin (CCK) of the feeding control group (FCG) were higher than those of the fasting trial group (FTG). Trypsin and CCK in FTG reached the lowest value on day 9, and CCK content reached the highest value on day 11. In the 24-hour daily rhythm experiment, juvenile fish were randomly assigned to (A) once feeding, (B) twice feeding, (C) three times feeding, and (D) fasting. CCK showed a minimum at 1:00+ in group A, a peak at night in group B\C\D, and a maximum in group C, and a single satiety stimulus can lead to increased hunger. The four treatment groups had an apparent closed-loop regulation, while the control point of the fasting group (D) shifted forward to the next day. In this study, we found only negative feedback regulation of CCK and trypsin at the end of fasting, considering whether the secretory site or anti-inflammatory response caused the increase of CCK. The damage of epithelial cells in the villi of the foregut was greater than that in the hindgut and hepatopancreas, and the detachment of epithelial cells and the striatal margin was the main damage. Different feeding frequencies in a single day did not directly affect the long-term fluctuation of CCK and trypsin diurnal rhythm. Three meals per day may be more conducive to the long-term growth of juvenile Black bream. This study aimed to provide a reference for the feeding strategy of juvenile Black bream in the RAS
Legislative files: Other legislation: "Laws that Treat Hawaii Differently": Federal responses to survey: General: Department of Housing and Urban Development
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No full textCombined effects of vitamin E and temperature on the growth, biochemistry, and natural immune response of juveniles snubnose pompano (<em>Trachinotus blochii</em>)
Get PDFThis study investigates the combined effects of Vitamin E and temperature on the growth, biochemical composition, and immune responses of juvenile snubnose pompano (Trachinotus blochii). A 70-day experiment was conducted with six treatments combining two levels of dietary Vitamin E (0 and 400 mg/kg) and three temperature levels (28°C, 31°C, and 34°C). The results revealed that both temperature and Vitamin E significantly influenced growth performance, feed utilization efficiency, protein and lipid content, and certain immune parameters (P 0.05). Overall, Vitamin E (400 mg/kg) positively influenced growth, biochemical composition, and immunity in snubnose pompano, particularly at elevated temperatures. The findings demonstrate that dietary vitamin E can enhance growth and immune performance, particularly under elevated temperatures, providing a basis for optimizing vitamin E use in snubnose pompano aquaculture
Characterization and genomic analysis of bacteriophage VT223 infecting <em>Salmonella enterica subsp enterica serovar Enteritidis</em>
Get PDFBacteriophages are increasingly considered a promising alternative to antibiotics for treating bacterial infections. For the bacteriophage VT223, which was isolated from shrimp pond wastewater, a thorough analysis of its host range, morphology, and genome sequencing was performed. Bacteriophage VT223 exhibits high specificity towards Salmonella spp. strains, highlighting its potential as a targeted therapy for Salmonella spp. infections. Electron microscopy revealed that VT223 belongs to the Caudoviricetes, Jerseyvirus, with an icosahedral head and a non-contractile tail. This phage can infect three species within the Salmonella spp., with a short latent period of 30 minutes and a burst size of 446 PFU/infected cells. Genome sequencing revealed a 43,062 bp double-stranded DNA genome with a GC content of 49.6%. Stability tests showed that VT223 is stable over various temperatures and pH levels. Biofilm formation inhibition testing revealed that phage VT223 reduced biofilm by up to 57.7% after a four-hour treatment. In vitro studies demonstrated the lytic activity of VT223 against Salmonella enterica subsp enterica serovar Enteritidis ATCC 49223. These findings provide valuable insights into the biological properties of bacteriophage VT223 and its potential use as a biocontrol agent in livestock production and aquaculture to combat bacterial growth. Published on November 15, 202
The Interaction of Digital Technology and Literacy Practices in Nuosu Script, China
Get PDFDigital technology enables new forms of textual communications, linguistic creativity, and cultural empowerment for many local language communities (Li, Brar, and Roihan 2021). This study uncovers how Nuosu people, a thriving minority ethnic group in southwest China, choose to use digital technologies for reading and writing their traditional script. The data, part of a larger qualitative study that revealed how Nuosu people conceptualize and practice literacy (Walters 2021), were collected utilizing semi-structured interviews with 22 Nuosu adults. Findings show that the Nuosu primarily use digital language technologies for Nuosu literary and artistic expressions, which carry knowledge crucial to their identity. They also use these technologies for teaching and learning their script, not for interpersonal communication or majority-language domains. The use of digital Nuosu in literary domains aligns with their centuries-old practice in which religious specialists (bimo) use Nuosu script for ritual writings and preserving traditional oral literature in the form of epic poems and proverbs. The Nousu case suggests that literacy patterns once established are deeply held and not easily influenced by changes in modality
Legislative files: Other legislation: "Laws that Treat Hawaii Differently": Federal responses to survey: General: Department of the Interior
Get PDFLegislative files: Other legislation: "Laws that Treat Hawaii Differently": Federal responses to survey: General: U.S. Postal Service
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