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Letter to Mrs. Yost
No full textLetter from Yost to his wife. He writes about his experiences in the 100th Battalion
Pay Allowance
No full textMilitary pay allowance forms reflecting Yost's accrued credits and debits, as well as his allowances for travel, subsistence, and rent
Acoustic Correlates of Statement and Question Intonation in Southern Vietnamese
Get PDFThis paper reports a study that investigated the acoustic correlates of the intonation patterns of statements versus various kinds of questions in Southern Vietnamese. Sentences identical in segmental make-up and lexical tone were elicited in nine different contexts: (1) statements, (2) Yes-No questions without particles, (3) Yes-No questions with the particle không, (4) questions with the particle ư (5) alternative questions with the particle hay ‘or’, (6 and 7) Wh-questions with the particles ai (who) and chừng nào ‘when’ at the beginning, and (8 and 9) Wh-questions with particles cho ai ‘for whom’ and hồi nào ‘when’ at the end. Twenty speakers (9 males and 11 females) from Hồ Chí Minh City participated in the study. The results show that there are a number of acoustic strategies for realizing the difference between declaratives and the interrogatives in Southern Vietnamese: global F0, speech tempo, intensity and local sentence-final F0. The results of this investigation contribute to the study of Vietnamese prosody, cross-language and cross-dialectal prosodic comparison
Bhoi Khasi Compared to Standard Khasi
Get PDFThe paper briefly documents the Bhoi variety of Khasi, in comparison with the standard variety
Effect of Acute Ammonia Stress on Antioxidant Enzymes and Digestive Enzymes in Barramundi Lates calcarifer Larvae
Get PDFThe acute toxicity of ammonia to barramundi Lates calcarifer larvae (15 days post-hatching, DPH) was studied with a semi-static bioassay method to understand the physical response of fish larvae to ammonia stress. In this study, 15 and 20 mg/L ammonia were tested, and 0 mg/L ammonia (control) was used as control. The activity of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), acid phosphatase (ACP), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and digestive enzymes lipase (LPS), amylase (AMS), trypsin (TRYP) were used as biochemical indicators. With the increase of residue time, the SOD activity in barramundi was elevated at 15 mg/L ammonia and decreased at 20 mg/L ammonia. CAT activity was lower at 20 mg/L ammonia. GSH- PX activity was elevated at the low ammonia concentration and decreased at the high ammonia concentration. ACP activity was elevated after exposure to ammonia. LPS and AMS activities in the control were significantly higher than those of the other groups (P<0.05). TRYP activity was elevated after exposure to ammonia. The results indicate that acute ammonia stress significantly affects antioxidant capacity and digestive capacity, and barramundi exhibited a certain tolerance of ammonia in a short time (<6h). Results from the present study will improve our understanding of the physical response of fish to ammonia and may guide hatchery practice for Lates calcarifer
Histopathology and Detection of Cyprinid Herpesvirus Infection in Two Koi Farms in Tianjin City (China)
Get PDFKoi herpesvirus (KHV) is the etiologic agent of koi herpesvirus disease (KHVD) causing mass mortalities in common carp (Cyprinus carpio carpio), koi (Cyprinus carpio koi), and ghost carp (Cyprinus carpio goi) populations. In this study, we report new outbreaks of the koi herpesvirus (KHV) disease in a koi carp farm in Tianjin city, northern China. From June to September 2017, severe mortalities of koi juvenile and broodstock occurred in ornamental fish, and infected koi carp which showed signs of lethargy and loss of appetite, and clinical signs including sunken eyes, gill necrosis, and excessive secretion of mucus. Histopathologically, the gills showed hyperplasia and degeneration of epithelial cells and fusion of the lamellae, and foci necrosis was found in gills, liver, kidney, and spleen. In addition, KHV and Carp edema virus (CEV) were detected in the diseased koi fish by diagnostic PCR tests for the viruses. The results showed that the nucleotide sequences of thymidine kinase (TK), DNA polymerase (SphI-5), and four open reading frame (ORF 25, ORF 56, ORF 72, ORF 81) genes confirmed the highest identity with other KHV strains such as KHV-I, KHV-U and KHV-J, but the CEV was negative. The phylogenetic tree showed KHV-TJ1708 and KHV-TJ1709 clustered with the Asian strain KHV-J (AP008984). Results of the present study confirmed the prevalence of Carp herpes disease (KHVD) in China koi populations by means of clinical examination, histopathology and molecular technique. These data will provide a reference for diagnosis, quarantine, and surveillance of KHV in China
