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Generative AI and the National Academy of Arbitrators
No full text[Excerpt] This report examines the current state of generative AI adoption and perceptions through a survey of 219 members of the National Academy of Arbitrators conducted in the Fall and Winter of 2024. Results reveal a profession that remains largely hesitant to integrate AI into neutral work. Across multiple survey questions, the data consistently shows low adoption rates, ethical concerns, and a general lack of familiarity and engagement with AI tools. However, there are signs of emerging interest, particularly for specific use cases like summarization and research, indicating a cautious path forward
Analyzing the Effectiveness of Smart Growth in Controlling Urban Sprawl - An Example from Maryland's PFAs
No full textThe Priority Funding Areas (PFAs) policy, enacted in Maryland in 1997, is a famous case of smart growth strategies for alleviating urban sprawl. However, its practical effect remains debatable. To verify it, this study investigates the trend of urban sprawl in Maryland during 2000-2019 using the Weighted Urban Proliferation (WUP) indicator. The result shows that the urban sprawl in Maryland is still apparent. Also, the sprawl trend of areas in PFAs is not statistically different from that of non-PFAs. Therefore, the effectiveness of the policy in restraining urban sprawl cannot simply be attributed to the designation of PFAs. Broader socio-economic and political factors can also influence it. The study recommends stronger intergovernmental coordination, targeted financial incentives, adaptive zoning, and comprehensive monitoring systems to enhance effectiveness. Maryland’s experience underscores the importance of flexible, context-sensitive strategies for sustainable urban development
Fast Radio Burst Community Newsletter - Volume 6, Issue 2
No full textWe acknowledge support from the Cornell University Library, the National Science Foundation (NSF), and the MIT Kavli Institute
Postal Intelligence: The Tassis Family and Communications Revolution in Early Modern Europe
No full textPostal Intelligence connects and situates histories of the post and government intelligence alongside print technology and state power in the wider context of the early modern communications revolution. In the sixteenth century, postal services became central to domestic governance and foreign policy enterprises, extended government reach and surveillance, and offered new control over the public sphere. Rachel Midura focuses on the Tassis family, members of which served as official postmasters to the dukes of Milan, the pope, Spanish kings, and Holy Roman emperors. Using administrative records and family correspondence, she follows the Tassis family, their agents, and their rivals as their influence expanded from northern Italy across Europe. Postal Intelligence shows how postmasters and postmistresses were key players in early modern diplomacy, commerce, and journalism, whose ultimate success depended on both administrative ingenuity and strategic ambiguity
The best show around… is all about manure?!
No full textIn mid-July 2024, a team of extension staff, farmers, manure applicators and agency staff from New York and Vermont partnered with Annex Media and the North American Manure Expo (NAME) Board to bring NAME to central New York. After more than a year of planning, the event held at Patterson Farms in Auburn, N.Y. on July 17 and 18 was the realization of many hours of planning, coordination, and plain old hard work. And what a two days it was!The Manager, published by Progressive Dairy, is sponsored by Papillon
Rethinking the drivers of coronavirus virulence and pathogenesis; toward an understanding of the dynamic world of mutations, indels and recombination within the alphacoronaviruses
No full textAlphacoronaviruses are widespread but understudied in comparison to betacoronaviruses. Within the alphacoronaviruses is the species Alphacoronavirus-1, which comprises distinct viruses of cats, dogs and pigs, along with a separate species that infects mustelids—as well other related viruses of pigs and circulating human viruses. High-pathogenicity feline coronavirus (FCoV) is infamous as the cause of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), existing as two distinct genotypes (type -1 and -2) and transmitted as a low-pathogenicity virus. The high-pathogenicity variants arise in cats infected with FCoV, and while the mutations responsible remain enigmatic, the main determinant is the spike glycoprotein. FCoV-1 disease outcome is driven by a combination of both within- and between-host evolution; virulence can be largely explained by the “internal mutation hypothesis”, which argues that high pathogenicity—but poorly transmissible—variants are selected in individual cats. Canine coronaviruses are generally considered low pathogenicity but can cause severe enteritis and be systemic. Notably the CCoV spike gene periodically recombines with FCoV-1 to generate FCoV-2, which is exemplified by FCoV-23, which has caused a widespread outbreak of FIP in Cyprus and has a notably truncated spike N-terminal domain (NTD). In pigs, coronaviruses often cause severe gastrointestinal disease but can become respiratory and have low pathogenicity based on what can also be considered an ‘internal deletion’ of the spike NTD. These viruses may exist as a dynamic "metavirome"1 that is in a constant state of flux, presenting notable challenges for disease surveillance and management
The preservation of railway heritage and urban memory in the post-ningwu era in Nanjing: A case study of the section from Zhonghuamen to Guanghuamen
No full textIn the broader context of contemporary urbanization, the conflict between preserving
industrial heritage and urban development has emerged as a significant challenge to urban
growth. Rapid urbanization and significant industrial transformation have brought traditional
industrial infrastructure to a critical historical juncture. The systematic abandonment and
demolition of numerous industrial heritage sites are causing an unparalleled loss of historical
depth and cultural identity in cities, resulting in alarming trends of spatial homogenization
and decontextualization.
This study focuses on the Nanjing–Wuhu (Ningwu) Railway, particularly examining
the challenges of industrial heritage conservation caused by the relocation of the section
from Guxiong to Cangbomen during the railway’s expansion and renovation project. It aims
to investigate the relationship between industrial heritage and urban memory within the
context of modernization, as well as to identify viable pathways for its preservation, thereby
offering theoretical insights and practical references for future railway heritage protection
initiatives
Navigating The Intersection of Policy and Local Priorities: A Reflective Assessment of Transportation Vulnerability in Watertown Jefferson County
No full textThis study investigates the broader challenge of conducting vulnerability assessments in transportation planning, particularly in rural regions where balancing federal funding mandates with local infrastructure priorities presents significant complexities. Vulnerability assessments are essential tools for identifying infrastructure risks, yet their effectiveness is often constrained by funding eligibility requirements and policy frameworks that may overlook locally significant assets. This research examines how vulnerability assessments can better integrate data-driven methodologies with community-informed insights to ensure equitable resilience outcomes. Drawing from established frameworks like those employed by the Genesee and Ulster Transportation Councils, this study explores strategies for improving vulnerability assessments in the Watertown Jefferson County Transportation Council (WJCTC) region. The study highlights the need for improved flexible funding models, enhanced local engagement, and tailored assessment frameworks to ensure that critical infrastructure in Watertown is effectively identified and prioritized, particularly for roads and facilities that serve underserved communities or face heightened climate risks.Barton & Loguidic
Shifting Disability Systems to Align with Employment First in New York State
No full textOn September 30, 2024, Governor Kathy Hochul signed Executive Order (EO) 40, Committing New York to Be an Employment First State to Increase Competitive Integrated Employment for New Yorkers with Disabilities—the latest in a series of executive actions in New York aimed at employing people with disabilities over the last decade.
This brief provides:
• A look at philosophy of the Employment First framework and the current state of Employment First in New York
• A summary of evidence-based information about barriers for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD) and other significant disabilities that may stand in the way of full adoption of Employment First (E1st) strategies
• Suggestions for practice and policy solutions to help New York meet the goals of the executive orde