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References for "Mexican Herpetofauna" edited by Jonathan A. Campbell, Oscar A. Flores-Villela, and Joseph R. Mendelson III
No full textBibliography of references for the three-volume "Mexican Herpetofauna" edited by Jonathan A. Campbell, Oscar A. Flores-Villela, and Joseph R. Mendelson III, published by Cornell University Press, covering species of amphibians and reptiles in Mexico. Each volume is organized in an easy-to-follow format to help specialists and amateurs alike understand the complexity of the Mexican herpetofauna, which is regarded as one of the most diverse in the world. For each volume, a series of introductory chapters describe various aspects of the development of herpetology in Mexico, the incredibly diverse environment of this country, and other aspects of the herpetofauna. These are followed by a series of chapters or sections treating various taxonomic divisions
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On Contradictions Among Animals and the People: Chinese Socialist Animation and the War Against Nature
No full textRecent decades have seen a welcome expansion in the geographical scope of animation studies, beyond the confines of Disney and other Anglophone studios. However, some subsequent studies of East Asian animations have conveyed an essentialist assumption of absolute difference between “East” and “West”, including a celebration of East Asian animators as conceptualizing a more harmonious relationship between humans and other animals. In contrast, this paper’s examination of animation from 1950s-80s China reveals complexities in the representation of nonhuman animals. While nonhuman animals and nature were treated with reverence in certain high-profile works, such as The Nine-Colored Deer (1981), a thorough examination of animation from this period reveals a wider tendency to positively depict the conquest of nature, as humans struggled against and killed wild animal foes, often in graphically
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Data from: Chemical innovation and structural complexity in the macroevolution of plant defense
No full textPlease cite as: Rubiano-Buitrago, P., Hastings, A. P., Uematsu, M., Baskin, J., Agrawal, A., & Duplais, C. (2025). Data from: Chemical innovation and structural complexity in the macroevolution of plant defense [Data set]. Cornell University Library eCommons Repository. https://doi.org/10.7298/7SGS-JB78These files contain data supporting all results reported in Rubiano-Buitrago et. al. Chemical innovation and structural complexity in the macroevolution of plant defense. We describe how plant defensive chemistry, used in medicine and pest control, emerges from a variety of selective forces, including environmental conditions and interactions with herbivores. While defense theory has historically focused on the abundance and diversification within chemical classes, the evolutionary role of structural innovation remains underexplored. Focusing on milkweed chemical defenses, steroidbased glycosides (cardenolides) which inhibit animal Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase, we combined a novel metric of molecular complexity, targeted metabolomics, molecular docking, and phylogenetic analyses to reveal the role of structural innovation in plant defense evolution. Here we show how the introduction of a nitrogen-sulfur ring to otherwise carbonbased cardenolides represents a major innovation, restoring toxicity against coevolved ecological targets, such as the monarch butterfly. This chemical feature has independently evolved across several clades within the Asclepiadoideae, constrained only by the biosynthetic origin of its precursors. Milkweed species that produce such N,S-cardenolides exhibit greater cardenolide abundance, richness, and metabolomic diversity, indicating that this innovation arises in the most defended species. These findings challenge traditional models of defense escalation and instead reveal that structural complexity is a key axis of phytochemical evolution that repeatedly evolves, likely in response to coevolving specialists.This work was supported by a grant from the US National Science Foundation (IOS-2209762)
Hotel Food Waste Report
No full textHotel Food Waste Report T he Food Waste Benchmarking Study builds on existing food waste initiatives by the Cornell Hotel Sustainability Benchmarking Index (CHSB), the American Hotel & Lodging Association (AHLA), and the World Wildlife Fund (WWF). It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of current food waste management practices, the state of data disclosure on food waste performance, and the wide-ranging impacts food waste has within the U.S. hospitality industry. By highlighting key trends, proven strategies, and compelling business cases, the study illustrates how effective food waste reduction not only supports hotels' sustainability goals but also enhances financial performance, paving the way for meaningful industry-wide progress