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Allergen‐specific immunotherapy in horses with insect bite hypersensitivity: a double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled study
No full textEmbargado hasta 01/01/2100Background – Insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) is a common cause of pruritus in horses, but there are few con- trolled studies on the efficacy of allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT). Atopic dermatitis and IBH can present with overlapping clinical signs; multiple insect and environmental allergens could be indicated in these horses to achieve effective hyposensitization. Although the success of ASIT using Culicoides spp. whole-body extracts is controversial, there are no controlled studies published that clearly show benefit from this form of therapy.
Hypothesis/Objectives – The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of ASIT in horses with IBH using commer- cially available extracts and tests.
Animals – Twenty horses with seasonal pruritus and positive intradermal reactions to a whole Culicoides extract.
Methods – An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test (Allercept") was used to detect concurrent allergen- specific IgE for other insects and environmental allergens. The ASIT was formulated by adding the relevant sero- logically positive allergens to the Culicoides extract. After randomization, 10 horses received ASIT and the rest a placebo solution. Clinical response was assessed every 4 months during 1 year using a clinical scoring system based on the severity of four clinical signs at 10 different body regions. Horses were not stabled and, to minimize dropouts, an insect repellent was used weekly in both groups.
Results – Differences in clinical scores between groups were nonsignificant at any re-evaluation, while both groups improved to a similar extent, probably due to the insecticide treatment.
Conclusions and clinical importance – Using commercially available extracts and tests, we could not demon- strate a beneficial effect of 1 year multiple ASIT in nonstabled horses with IBH
Alfred Döblins Roman "Berlin Alexanderplatz". Roman, Film und Psychoanalyse
No full textEmbargado hasta 01-01-2100Alfred Döblins Roman Berlin Alexanderplatz muss vor verschiedenen Hintergründen gelesen werden: persönliche Erfahrungen, verschiedene künstlerische Einflüsse und vor allem die historischen Ereignisse der Weimarer Republik. Zuerst wurde der Roman in der Frankfurter Zeitung 1929 abgedruckt, bevor er endgültig in Berlin 1929 als Erstausgabe erschien. Versucht man den Roman in einer literarischen Epoche zu verorten, ist es wohl am angebrachtesten, dies in Verbindung mit seinem Entstehungsjahr zu tun, denn gerade seine vielfältigen Einflüsse aus unterschiedlichsten Richtungen, machen ihn zu dem, was er ist. Im Allgemeinen wird der Roman als Vertreter des modernen Romans aufgefasst, allerdings lassen sich Merkmale der Neuen Sachlichkeit genauso finden, wie Einflüsse des Naturalismus, vor allem bei der Milieubeschreibung der unteren sozialen Schichten, die aus der eigenen Erfahrungswelt Döblins stammen. Auch wenn sich Döblin bereits 1918 mit seinem Essay „Von der Freiheit eines Dichtermenschen“ vom Expressionismus abwandte, lassen sich im Roman expressionistische Elemente finden, was sich vor allem in der Verortung der Handlung in die Großstadt Berlin zeigt. Zudem können futuristische und kubistische Elemente ausgemacht werden, die als künstlerische Strömung in sein literarisches Werk einflossen. So lässt sich bei Žmegač finden, dass „Döblins schriftstellerischer Weg in den zwanziger Jahren von Paradoxien nicht frei [ist]“ und begründet dies damit, dass er ein „ambivalentes Verhältnis“ zur modernen Großstadt entwickelte. Resultat, das sich aus seinem aktiven „kulturpolitischen“ Engagement begründet, wo er an der Seite Thomas Manns in der Berliner Akademie sich als Verteidiger der Demokratie beweist, und sein nicht aufgegebener romantischer Glaube an die Naturphilosophie, in der sich „Ideen Schopenhauers und des Buddhismus“ zu einer eigenen Vorstellung verschmelzen. Aber gerade die Vermischung unterschiedlichster Strömungen und Stilrichtungen verleihen dem Roman einen neuen Aspekt, der bis dahin so in Deutschland nicht zu finden war. Döblin wendet auf seinen Berlin Alexanderplatz eine neue Verfahrenstechnik an, die der Montage und der Assoziation und begründet damit eine neue Gattung: den Montageroman . Die Verwandtschaft zum Film ist nicht abzusprechen und bekräftigt den hier zu diskutierenden Ansatz, welche Symbolik die Stadt in psychoanalytischer Hinsicht im Roman wie in der entsprechenden Verfilmung aus dem Jahr 1931, an der Döblin mitwirkte, hat
El arte y la psicología: Alice Miller y la traducción al español de la «llave perdida»
No full textEmbargado hasta 01-01-2100Alice Miller, psicóloga de habla alemana, trabajó en la relación entre el subconsciente y la producción artística y científica de varias personas, entre ellos Pablo Picasso, recogido en el libro “Der gemiedene Schlüssel”. Aunque su obra fue traducida a varios idiomas, se observa entre el original en alemán y su traducción al español, alteraciones que se confirman también en el capítulo que se dedica al pintor Pablo Picasso, dando una posible respuesta al origen del cubismo, que se remonta a la experiencia traumática del terremoto de Málaga. La divergencia en la traducción entre ambos idiomas afecta tanto al contexto como al meta texto del análisis hecho por la psicoanalista
Reserva de jurisdicción y libertad del legislador para optar entre penas y sanciones administrativas
No full textEmbargado hasta 01/01/2100.El presente trabajo se plantea la cuestión de si el legislador tiene límites a la hora de decidir qué conductas punibles van a ser castigadas por los tribunales como delitos y cuáles por la Administración como infracciones administrativas. Se llega a la conclusión de que existen límites, que esos límites se derivan de la reserva de jurisdicción contenida en el art. 117.3 CE y de que hay un núcleo irreductible que ha de ser competencia del Poder Judicial. Finalmente, se describe qué tipo de supuestos pueden componer dicho núcleo, y cuáles quedan a disposición del legislador para ser atribuidos a la Administración.This paper raises the question of whether the legislator has limits when deciding what punishable actions are going to be punished by the Courts as crimes and which by the public Administration as administrative infractions. It is concluded that there are limits, that these limits derive from the reservation of jurisdiction contained in Article 117.3 of the Spanish Constitution and that there is an irreducible core that must be the competence of the Judicial Power. Finally, it describes what kind of cases can integrate that core, and which are available to the legislator to be attributed to the public Administration
Presupuestos y garantías de la expropiación forzosa en el Iusnaturalismo moderno
No full textEmbargado hasta 01/01/2100.Se estudia el tratamiento doctrinal de los presupuestos y garantías de la expropiación
forzosa realizado por los juristas del derecho natural moderno. Se examina
una gran cantidad de fuentes directas y se concluye que, frente a la nitidez con que fueron establecidas por uno de sus primeros representantes (Vázquez de Menchaca), dichos presupuestos y garantías no se configuraron con la firmeza que cabría esperar por parte de los iusnaturalistas posteriores. Más bien parece que la primera disciplina constitucional de la materia trató de reaccionar contra ciertas malas prácticas, en parte respaldadas por algunas de esas propuestas doctrinales.The doctrinal treatment of the requirements and guarantees of forced expropriation carried out by modern natural law jurists is studied. A large number of direct sources are examined and it is concluded that, in contrast to the clarity with which they were established by one of its first representatives (Vázquez de Menchaca), said requirements and guarantees were not established with the firmness that might be expected from the later natural law scholars. Rather, it seems that the first constitutional discipline on the matter tried to react against certain bad practices, partly supported by some of those doctrinal proposals
La tributación de las medidas económico-financieras directas de salvaguarda y protección de los Bienes Integrantes del Patrimonio Histórico Español en el IRPF
No full textEmbargado hasta 01/01/2100.En el presente capitulo se aborda el estudio de las repercusiones tributarias que dimanan de las medidas económicas de fomento, tanto directas como indirectas, del Patrimonio Histórico
Metabolic phenotypes of obesity influence triglyceride and inflammation homoeostasis
No full textEmbargado hasta 01-01-2100Background We examined the degree of postprandial triglyceride (TG) response over the day, representing a highly dynamic state, with continuous metabolic adaptations, among normal-weight, overweight and obese patients, according to their metabolically healthy or abnormal status.
Materials and methods A total of 1002 patients from the CORDIOPREV clinical trial (NCT00924937) were submitted to an oral fat load test meal with 0 7 g fat/kg body weight (12% saturated fatty acids (SFA), 10% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), 43% monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), 10% protein and 25% carbo- hydrates). Serial blood test analysing lipid fractions and inflammation markers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)) were drawn at 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 h during postprandial state. We explored the dynamic response according to six body size phenotypes: (i) normal weight, metabolically healthy; (ii) normal weight, metabolically abnormal; (iii) overweight, metabolically healthy; (iv) overweight, metabolically abnormal; (v) obese, metaboli- cally healthy; and (vi) obese, metabolically abnormal.
Results Metabolically healthy patients displayed lower postprandial response of plasma TG and large triacyl- glycerol-rich lipoproteins (TRLs)-TG, compared with those metabolically abnormal, independently whether or not they were obese (P < 0 001 and P < 0 001, respectively). Moreover, the area under the curve (AUC) of TG and AUC of large TRLs-TG were greater in the group of metabolically abnormal compared with the group of met- abolically healthy (P < 0 001 and P < 0 001, respectively). Interestingly, metabolically abnormal subjects dis- played higher postprandial response of plasma hs-CRP than did the subgroup of normal, overweight and obese, metabolically healthy patients (P < 0 001).
Conclusions Our findings showed that certain types of the metabolic phenotypes of obesity are more favourable modulating phenotypic flexibility after a dynamic fat load test, through TG metabolism and inflam- mation homoeostasis. To identify, these phenotypes may be the best strategy for personalized treatment of obesity
Circulating miR-6821-5p levels and coronary calcification in asymptomatic familial hypercholesterolemia patients
No full textEmbargado hasta 01/01/2100Background and aims: Premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a clinic characteristic of familial
hypercholesterolemia (FH). Coronary calcium score (CCS) is a highly used imaging modality to evidence
atherosclerotic plaque burden. microRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that epigenetically regulate gene
expression. Here, we investigated whether CCS associates with a specific miRNA-signature in FH-patients.
Methods: Patients with genetic diagnosis of FH (N =86) from the nationwide SAFEHEART-cohort were investigated
by computed tomography angiography imaging and classified depending on the presence of coronary
calcification in FH-CCS (+) and FH-CCS (− ) groups by the Agatston score. Differential miRNA profiling was
performed in two stages: first by Affymetrix microarray technology (high-throughput differential profiling-
studies) and second by RT-PCR using TaqMan-technology (analytical RT-qPCR study) in plasma of the two patient
groups.
Results: miR-193a-5p, miR-30e-5p and miR-6821-5p levels were significantly higher in FH-CCS (+) compared to
FH-CCS (− ). miR-6821-5p was the best miRNA to discriminate FH-patients CCS(+), according to receiver
operating characteristic (ROC) analysis (AUC: 0.70 ±0.06, p =0.006). High miR-6821-5p levels were associated
with older age (p =0.03) and high LDL-burden (p =0.014) using a ROC-derived cut-off value. However, miR-
6821-5p did not correlate with age in either the CCS- or CCS +group. Genes involved in calcification processes
were identified by in silico analysis. The relation of cell-calcification and expression levels of miR-6821-5p, BMP2
and SPP1 was validated experimentally in human vascular smooth muscle cell cultures.
Conclusions: Up-regulated levels of miR-6821-5p are found in the plasma of asymptomatic FH-patients with
coronary calcified atherosclerotic plaques, as well as in isolated human vascular smooth muscle cells expressing
the pro-calcification genes BMP2 and SPP1. These findings highlight the impact of epigenetic regulation on the
development of subclinical atherosclerosis
ABCA1 Gene Variants Regulate Postprandial Lipid Metabolism in Healthy Men
No full textObjective—Genetic variants of ABCA1, an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, have been linked to altered atherosclerosis progression and fasting lipid concentration, mainly high-density lipoproteins and apolipoprotein A1; however, results from different studies have been inconsistent.
Methods and Results—To further characterize the effects of ABCA1 variants in human postprandial lipid metabolism, we studied the influence of 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (i27943 [rs2575875]; i48168 [rs4149272]; R219K [rs2230806]) in the postprandial lipemia of 88 normolipidemic young men who were given a fatty meal. For i27943 and i48168 single nucleotide polymorphisms, fasting and postprandial values of apolipoprotein A1 were higher and postprandial lipemia was much lower in homozygotes for the major alleles, total triglycerides in plasma, and large triglyceride-rich lipoprotein triglycerides. These persons also showed a higher apolipoprotein A1/apolipoprotein B ratio. Major allele homozygotes for i48168 and i27943 showed additionally higher high-density lipoproteins and lower postprandial apolipoprotein B.
Conclusion—Our work shows that major allele homozygotes for ABCA1 single nucleotide polymorphisms i27943 and i48168 have a lower postprandial response as compared to minor allele carriers. This finding may further characterize the role of ABCA1 in lipid metabolism
