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Promoting equity and social justice: analysing the global impact of educational laws on sex education in Spain and the United Kingdom
No full textPurpose: Government’s role and sex education are vital in promoting inclusivity and sexual health. To understand the impact that the legislation has had on sex education, it is necessary to evaluate it at the different training levels.
Design/methodology/approach: The method used is a critical review aimed at comparing educational and state legislation and its impact on Sex Education in Spain and the United Kingdom.
Findings: In most countries the compulsory contents in the curriculum are oriented to sexually transmitted infections and contraception. Nonetheless, this approach is deemed inadequate and restrictive, failing to cope with the challenges posed by globalization, including the increased spread of sexual infection. Legislative constraints hinder the comprehensive implementation of public health education strategies and social justice concerning sexuality.
Research limitations/implications: Scope may miss legislative nuances and regional differences.
Practical implications: Findings emphasize comprehensive sex education to tackle modern challenges and to urge policy makers to incorporate these insights.
Social implications: Enhanced sex education laws foster health equity that will contribute to reducing violence and improving positive attitudes and behaviours.
Originality/value: Insufficient analysis exists on the effects of ministry measures in sex education, connecting health, well-being and sustainability. This underscores the urgency of researching the legislative, educational and societal consequences, enabling interventions to address negative sexual attitudes and behaviours, including gender violence, biases against sexual diversity, emotional challenges, sexual freedom and health problems, based on respect for Human Sexual Rights.This study has been fully or partially funded by the call for research projects of the National Conference of Nursing Deans (grant number PINV_12CNDE23)
School Nursing Practice in Education Settings in Spain
No full textSchool nurses and pediatric nurses play vital roles in providing healthcare for children and adolescents in educational and healthcare settings. School nurses operate within educational institutions, serving as caregivers and facilitating communication between the school, families, and the healthcare system. These professionals closely collaborate with pediatric nurses. The primary objective of this study was to examine the state of school nursing in Spain. The research comprised 27 nurses, including 18 school nurses and 9 pediatric nurses, chosen through theoretical sampling. These nurses participated in in-depth interviews as part of the data collection process. Grounded theory, following Charmaz's process, was employed for data analysis. The findings underscore the nurses’ call for their mandated presence and regulation in all Spanish educational institutions to address contemporary health challenges and ensure inclusive education.The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The authors did not receive any financial support for this article, but had the support of the Spanish Official College of Nursing and the Madrid Association of Nursing in Educational Centers (AMECE)
Factores determinantes para la satisfacción del turista en destinos de interior: Impacto sobre el problema de la despoblación
No full textLa despoblación es actualmente uno de los principales problemas que deben ser afrontados, especialmente en zonas de interior. El turismo es un sector que puede ayudar a aliviar este problema. Por tanto, sería conveniente potenciar las ventajas competitivas mediante un modelo turístico competente y sostenible que permita alcanzar un deseado nivel de desarrollo en una determinada zona geográfica. El trabajo implementa una poderosa herramienta de diagnóstico y de toma de decisiones para la actividad turística de la provincia de Burgos (España), identificando los factores clave en la satisfacción del turista, los cuales pueden ser decisivos en la decisión de recomendar y revisitar el destino seleccionado. Para ello, el trabajo presenta un modelo teórico de satisfacción turística. Los resultados destacan la importancia de la percepción del turista sobre los servicios del destino y sobre la calidad de los productos, así como su impacto en la satisfacción. Así que, mejorar esta calidad puede tener importantes implicaciones en mejorar la eficiencia de la gestión turística y, consecuentemente, en un mejor tratamiento del problema de la despoblación.Depopulation is currently a major problem in Spain, especially in inland areas. Tourism can
help alleviate this problem. Therefore, competitive advantages must be enhanced by
developing a capable and sustainable tourism model that can lead to the desired level of
development in a given geographical area. A powerful decision-making and diagnostic tool
was created for the tourism industry in the Burgos Province, Spain to identify the key factors
in tourist satisfaction, which can influence the decision to recommend and revisit a
destination. This study presents this tool and a theoretical model of tourism satisfaction. The
findings emphasize the significance of the perception that tourists have of the quality of a
destination's goods and services and its impact on satisfaction. Enhancing tourist satisfaction
can have important implications for improving tourism management and, consequently,
addressing the depopulation problem.This work was financially supported by the Development Society of Burgos (SODEBUR), City Council and Provincial Council of Burgos (Arts. 83: H01T.05, H02V.05, H05W.05, H05X.05, H01Y.05 and H00Z.05), and by State Research Agency (Ministry of Science and Innovation of the Government of Spain) and FEDER Funds (Knowledge Generation Projects) through the project “Methodologies for solving problems with economic, social and environmental criteria. Application to healthcare resource management” (ECOSOEN-HEALTH, grant ref. PID2022-139543OB-C44)
Landscape and Places in Cartoon Films on Video on Demand: Context and Geography in Digital Creation System
No full textGracias a la evolución de las imágenes generadas por computadora (CGI, del inglés Computer Generated Images) y los softwares 3D, la industria de la animación ha propiciado la realización de imágenes digitales, lugares y contextos culturales en busca de un resultado fotográfico más próximo a la realidad. Dentro de la producción del mayor distribuidor (Disney) la situación pandémica derivada de la covid-19 ha provocado que los productos destinados a las salas de cine se exhiban por un medio: Disney+. El presente estudio pretende arrojar luz sobre el significado en la aprehensión y el desarrollo de los paisajes cuando el medio de exhibición se traslada al consumo enteramente digital mediante un sistema vídeo bajo demanda (VBD). Para ello, se han estudiado las realizaciones generadas durante la crisis sanitaria (2020-2021) para comparar los resultados estéticos en los diferentes contextos representados a través de la exhibición digital.Due to the evolution of Computer Generated Images (CGI) and 3D software, the animation industry has led digital images and landscapes to a photographic result closer to reality. A fact that makes us consider what the treatment of these contexts and locations is related to the main producer (Disney). However, the pandemic situation of covid-19 has made the company release its products destined for movie theaters, into a new context and space of understanding, such as Disney+. This study tries to focus on the meaning of the apprehension and development of landscapes and geographic contexts by Disney+. It analyses the films generated between 2020-2021 to compare the aesthetic results in the different contexts represented by the digital platform
Bidimensional Spectroelectrochemistry with Tunable Thin-Layer Thickness
No full textBidimensional spectroelectrochemistry (Bidim-SEC) is an instrumental technique that provides operando UV/vis absorption information on electrochemical processes from two different points of view, using concomitantly a parallel and a normal optical configuration. The parallel configuration provides information about chemical species present in the diffusion layer, meanwhile the normal arrangement supplies information about changes occurring both in the diffusion layer and, mainly, on the electrode surface. The choice of a suitable cell to perform Bidim-SEC experiments is critical, especially while working under a thin-layer regime. So far, most of the proposed Bidim-SEC cells rely on the use of spacers to define the thin-layer thickness, which leads to working with constant thickness values. Herein, we propose a novel Bidim-SEC cell that enables easy-to-use micrometric control of the thin-layer thickness using a piezoelectric positioner. This device can be used for the study of complex interfacial systems and also to easily measure the key parameters of an electrochemical process. As a proof of concept, the study of the roughening of a gold electrode in KCl medium is performed, identifying key steps in the passivation and nanoparticle generation on the gold surface.This work was funded by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and Agencia Estatal de Investigación (MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and PID2020–113154RB-C21), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (RED2022–134120-T), and Junta de Castilla y León and European Regional Development Fund (Grant number: BU036P23)
Obtaining High‐Resolution Magnetic Records From Speleothems Using Magnetic Microscopy
No full textSpeleothems are mineral deposits capable of recording detrital and/or chemical remanent magnetization at annual timescales. They can offer high-resolution paleomagnetic records of short-term variations in Earth's magnetic field, crucial for understanding the evolution of the dynamo. Owing to limitations on the magnetic moment sensitivity of commercial cryogenic rock magnetometers (∼10−11 Am2), paleomagnetic studies of speleothems have been limited to samples with volumes of several hundreds of mm3, averaging tens to hundreds of years of magnetic variation. Nonetheless, smaller samples (∼1–10 mm3) can be measured using superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) microscopy, with a sensitivity better than ∼10−15 Am2. To determine the application of SQUID microscopy for obtaining robust high-resolution records from small-volume speleothem samples, we analyzed three different stalagmites collected from Lapa dos Morcegos Cave (Portugal), Pau d'Alho Cave (Brazil), and Crevice Cave (United States). These stalagmites are representative of a range of magnetic properties and have been previously studied with conventional rock magnetometers. We show that by using SQUID microscopy we can achieve a five-fold improvement in temporal resolution for samples with higher abundances of magnetic carriers (e.g., Pau d'Alho Cave and Lapa dos Morcegos Cave). In contrast, speleothems with low abundances of magnetic carriers (e.g., Crevice Cave) do not benefit from higher resolution analysis and are best analyzed using conventional rock magnetometers. Overall, by targeting speleothem samples with high concentrations of magnetic carriers we can increase the temporal resolution of magnetic records, setting the stage for resolving geomagnetic variations at short time scales.This work was partially supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) Grants EAR-2044806, EAR-2044535, and EAR-2044506, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT-Portugal, PTDC/CTA-GEO/0125/2021 and MIT-EXPL/ACC/0023/2021), and the MIT-Portugal Seed Fund. CSB thanks The Morton K. Blaustein Scholars Fund. EMSM acknowledges the project BU037P23 of the Junta de Castilla y León and the European Research and Development Fund. Fieldwork and speleothem sampling in Portugal were authorized by Instituto da Conservação da Natureza e das Florestas (ICNF I.P.), under the responsibility of LD and supported by CEGOT I&D Unit (FCT-Portugal, UIDP/GEO/04084/2020_UC). Fieldwork and speleothem collection in Brazil were authorized by the Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Renováveis, and we thank the Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Cavernas (CECAV/ICMBio) for providing permission to collect stalagmite samples
Raising Awareness on Gender Issues in Higher Education: A Pilot Intervention in EFL Teacher Training from Spain
No full textThere are biases and discriminations in relation to gender identity and
sexual orientation issues in the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classroom,
either through outdated and sexist materials or even teacher discourse and beliefs,
as, according to several studies, teachers unconsciously transmit their negative
attitudes and stereotypes to their students. As it has been proven by different studies,
conducting training for teachers and future teachers with respect to non-normative
sexual orientations and gender identities brings positive results. Thus, this paper
proposes a pilot classroom intervention designed to train pre-service teachers of
English as a Foreign Language (EFL) from the Bachelor’s degree in Education
Studies and the Master’s degree in Teaching Secondary School, enrolled at the
University of Burgos, Spain, during the academic year 2020-2021. The results of the
intervention reveal the necessity of raising future teachers’ awareness on the different non-normative sexual orientations and gender identities, in order to create
more inclusive classes for all students and teachers
Reanimación cardiopulmonar (RCP)
No full textEste archivo es una presentación en formato PDF de un proyecto de investigación enfocado en intervenciones relacionadas con la Educación para la Salud en Primeros Auxilios en institutos y universidades.Forma parte del proyecto de investigación: Investigación Enfermera: Educación para la Salud mediante la implementación de metodologías activas en Centros de Secundaria, Formación Profesional, Bachillerato y la Universidad (CS0B09)
Importance of mental health in the sports environment
No full textThe objectives of this study are focused, firstly, on understanding the levels of cognitive anxiety, self-confidence, and pre- and post-match somatic anxiety. Secondly, to analyse the impact of the match outcome (win-loss) on the mentioned dimensions according to the Home-Away condition. The research involved 70 volleyball players (28 home and 42 away) belonging to cadet categories from different volleyball teams competing in the School Sports Program in the province of Araba, specifically in the city of Vitoria Gasteiz. Participants completed the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory in Sport (CSAI-2) (Martens et al., 1990), consisting of 27 items, adapted and validated in Spanish by Capdevila (1997), and subsequently reviewed and used by other researchers (Arruza et al., 2001; Telletxea, 2008). The results show that somatic anxiety significantly decreased between pre and post-match in the home condition, and there are significant differences between home players and away players in response to a victory outcome. The ability of coaches, monitors, and fitness trainers to understand and address athletes' anxiety states is crucial for optimizing their performance and overall well-being, as well as adherence to physical activity
Measuring Self-Efficacy Beliefs in Teaching Inquiry-Based Science and the Nature of Scientific Inquiry
No full textInquiry-based science teaching (IBST) is a key goal of science education reforms worldwide. Recent research highlights the importance of infusing inquiry teaching with knowledge about the nature of scientific inquiry, and not just focusing on procedural skills to do inquiry. However, such an endeavour requires teachers to have high levels of self-efficacy. Given the lack of valid and reliable measurement instruments for Spanish-speaking teachers, the present study adapted and validated Aydeniz et al. Science and Education, 30(1), 103–120, (2021) Inquiry-Based Science Teaching Efficacy Scale (IBSTES, Science & Education, 30:103–120). Confirmatory factor analysis on data from 428 pre-service teachers in kindergarten and elementary school revealed a two-factor structure, which is consistent with the conceptual framework of IBST. The two factors measured self-efficacy beliefs regarding (1) helping students improve their understanding of the nature of scientific inquiry and (2) helping students develop procedural skills for conducting scientific inquiry. Both factors demonstrated very high reliability (> 0.90), as assessed by Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega. This latent structure was invariant across genders, suggesting that the instrument can be used with both male and female prospective teachers, allowing for gender comparisons. This study is the first of its kind to validate in Spanish a self-efficacy scale for IBST that specifically tackles the epistemological understanding of the nature of scientific inquiry. The Spanish IBSTES provides a valuable tool for researchers and practitioners to assess and support teacher self-efficacy, which is essential for the success of educational reforms.This research was funded by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (PID2020-117348RB-I00—https://doi. org/10.13039/501100011033)