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Cash holdings and social media as drivers of donations in nonprofit organizations. Four essays about their determinants and effects
No full textLas organizaciones no lucrativas esta n experimentando dificultades a la hora de
obtener recursos por lo que es especialmente importante determinar como atraer
fondos. Esta tesis analiza dos factores vinculados con la obtencion de donaciones en
estas organizaciones: las redes sociales y la tenencia de efectivo.
En relacion con las redes sociales, a traves de un estudio de entidades no lucrativas
espanolas dedicadas a la cooperacion al desarrollo, los resultados de esta tesis
demuestras que el engagement en redes sociales (las reacciones de los usuarios) se
ve influenciado tanto por las caracterí sticas de las organizaciones como por el su
uso. Asimismo, estas tecnologí as son una herramienta util en la captacion de fondos,
especialmente cuando se utilizan adecuadamente adaptando su forma de utilizacion
y el contenido que publican a las diferentes plataformas y audiencias.
Por otro lado, el estudio de una serie de entidades no lucrativas britanicas nos
muestra que estas entidades acumulan efectivo para evitar costes derivados de
financiacion externa. Acumular excesivamente, sin embargo, puede resultar
perjudicial en terminos de adquisicion de nuevos fondos privados. Esto se debe a
que, aunque los donantes no penalizan la acumulacion de fondos y perciben sus
aspectos positivos, las decisiones relativas a la asignacion de recursos que se toman
en entidades con altos niveles de efectivo pueden disminuir las contribuciones que
se reciben.
Los resultados de esta tesis nos muestran que es importante entender como estos
factores pueden influenciar la captacion de fondos para poder aprovechar sus
beneficios a la hora de obtener los mejores resultados de obtencio n de
recursos, aspecto que es esencial para la supervivencia de estas organizaciones.Doctorado en Ciencias Jurídicas, Económicas y Sociale
Presencia extranjera en la España nacionalista durante la Guerra Civil española y sus vestigios en la actualidad. El caso de Burgos
No full textBurgos jugó un papel fundamental en el transcurso de la Guerra Civil española.
La ciudad se convierte en la capital de la Cruzada y en receptora de presencia extranjera
y la provincia también en refugio de nazis tras la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Alemanes e
italianos son los principales actores que, junto a otras nacionalidades (portugueses,
griegos, británicos, franceses, euroasiáticos, asiáticos, americanos, musulmanes, entre
otros), adquieren gran importancia militar, política y social entre la población. El impacto
de esta masiva presencia foránea no estuvo exento de polémica y su paso dejó todo tipo
de vestigios repartidos por la geografía burgalesa. Huellas que son fieles testimonios de
acontecimientos históricos que hacen presente el pasado fascista de Burgos cuando
convivió y comulgó con el nazismo y el fascismo durante y tras el conflicto armado,
algunas de ellas aún presentes en su sociedad del siglo XXI.Burgos played a fundamental role in the course of the Spanish Civil War. The city
becomes the capital of the Crusade and a host of foreign presence and the province also
a refuge for Nazis after the Second World War. Germans and Italians are the main actors
who, together with other nationalities (Portuguese, Greek, British, French, Eurasian,
Asian, American, Muslim, among others), acquire great military, political and social
importance among the population. The impact of this massive foreign presence was not
without controversy and its passage left all kinds of traces scattered throughout the
geography of Burgos. Traces that are faithful testimonies of historical events that make
present the fascist past of Burgos when it lived and communicated with nazism and
fascism during and after the armed conflict, some of them still present in its society of the
21st century.Doctorado en Humanidades y Comunicació
Las guerras mundiales a través del cine y la música en la educación secundaria
No full textEl presente trabajo presenta una Situación de Aprendizaje diseñada para 4º ESO en la
materia de Historia. El periodo histórico elegido incluye la Primera y la Segunda Guerra
Mundial, además del periodo de entreguerras. Los recursos utilizados son montajes de música
y películas sobre el periodo histórico mencionado, como herramientas capaces de mostrar el
potencial de la música y el cine en la educación, y concretamente en Historia. Por último, se
aplicó la Situación de Aprendizaje en una clase para comprobar su éxito, extraer
conclusiones, y analizar qué puede hacerse para mejorarla.This paper presents a Learning Situation designed for 4th ESO in the field of History.
The chosen historical period includes the First and Second World Wars, and the interwar
period. The resources used are montages of music and films about the historical period
mentioned, as tools capable of showing the potential of music and cinema in education, and
specifically in history. Finally, the Learning Situation was applied in a class to test its success,
draw conclusions, and analyze what can be done to improve it
Los Enebrales rock-shelter (Tamajón, Guadalajara, Spain): First Gravettian site in central Iberia
No full textThe stratigraphy and materials from a survey carried out in 1994 and 1995 in a rock-shelter in Tamajón (southwestern Iberian Central Range) are studied here. The Pleistocene deposits were generated by high-energy channelled fluvial flows and dense currents of debris flow and mud flow type. The recovered lithic industry, created mainly in low-quality local materials, can be associated with Gravettian technocomplexes. Three radiocarbon dates obtained from the stratigraphic sequence are located in a temperate interstadial of OIS 3a and in a cold episode at the beginning of OIS 2. The faunal remains, which come from human consumption, display cut and percussion marks. They reveal a predominance of equines, followed by deer, in a mosaic environment. A shale plaque-pendant, worked and decorated, was found outside the stratigraphy. The human occupations of the shelter must have been sporadic, but reflect, with the growing evidence nearby, a thriving population in this area of anatomically modern humans. The association of pre-Solutrean archaeological materials, together with the dates obtained, establishes the human occupation of the Los Enebrales shelter as the oldest evidence of the Upper Palaeolithic in the inner Iberian Plateau
Monthly intercepted photosynthetically active radiation estimation based on the Beer-Lambert’s law across the cereal crops of Castilla y León (Spain)
Get PDFAgriculture is by far the most important economic activity in the Spanish autonomous region of Castilla y Leon. ´
Numerous factors influence crop development but one of the most related variables to the photosynthetic process
is Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR). Estimating Intercepted Photosynthetically Active Radiation (IPAR)
in different crops through the Beer-Lambert law could be a relevant factor in crop season planning by enabling
photosynthesis monitoring. The Beer-Lambert Law is applied in this study to the data for almost 2 million
hectares of wheat, barley, and maize cultivated in Castilla y Leon ´ in 2021. The fourteen-year data set of Global
Horizontal Irradiance (GHI) used to calculate the monthly PAR data in the region was collected at 93 meteo rological stations (46 in Castilla y Leon ´ and 47 in neighboring Spanish and Portuguese regions). Two previously
published global calibrated models were employed to calculate the PAR, with a relative Root Mean Square Error
(rRMSE) below 6%, for the measured daily mean values of PAR in Burgos. Processing the various NASA Terra and
Aqua satellite images yielded the monthly Leaf Area Index (LAI) and the literature review provided the light
extinction coefficient (k). The Geographic Information System (GIS) facilitated visualization of IPAR estimates for
the three cereal crops in all months of its growing season. Wheat and barley reach their IPAR peaks in June and
July, while maize peaks in July and August. In addition, the fraction of Intercepted Photosynthetically Active
Radiation (fIPAR) was calculated in different provinces to assess PAR interception for each cereal at different
growing stages. In June, almost 50% of the wheat area in Burgos, Palencia and Soria displayed fIPAR values
exceeding 45% while in the case of barley only the province of Burgos reached these percentages of area
and.fIPAR.This research forms part of project TED2021-131563B-I00, funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and by the “European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR”. Elena Garrachón-Gómez expresses her thanks to the Universidad de Burgos for the funding of her pre-doctoral contract. Ignacio García is likewise grateful to the Spanish Ministry of Universities and the European Union-Next Generation EU for their financial support (Program for the requalification of the Spanish university system 2021-2023, Resolution 1402/2021)
Material suplementario 9: movimientos de la articulación silla de montar del pulgar
No full textEste vídeo detalla la articulación silla de montar del pulgar, incluyendo movimientos como la extensión del pulgar
Material suplementario 1: exploración del cráneo
No full textEste vídeo presenta una visión general del cráneo, desglosando su estructura ósea
One more piece of the family firm debt puzzle: the influence of socioemotional wealth dimensions
No full textThe literature on debt financing in family firms is still inconclusive. Initial studies have usually focused on the influence of family involvement on firm’s debt levels by using the explanations of traditional economic theories. More recent studies have begun to focus on the role of family goals in family firm debt levels, particularly drawing on socioemotional wealth (SEW), which has helped in the development of financial theories of family business. Nevertheless, existing arguments have usually not considered SEW as a multidimensional construct that covers diverse family goals. In addition, literature has usually drawn on arguments considering SEW as a stock, but have not considered the importance given to SEW (SEWi), which specifically acknowledges SEW as a goal. Our paper responds to recent calls to extend theoretical arguments on the effect of diverse dimensions of SEWi on family firm behavior and to focus on the role of SEWi on the family firms’ debt. Specifically, we test how the CEOs’ assessment of the importance that their family attaches to the continuity, prominence, and enrichment dimensions of SEWi influences the level of debt. To do so, we use a sample of 126 Spanish unlisted family businesses. Our results show that the continuity dimension of SEWi leads family businesses to increase their debt level being a key determinant of this financing decision.Open Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Nature. This work received fnancial support from Spanish Ministerio of Ciencia e Innovación (Grants PID2020-120288 GB-100)
Arquetipos de la reginalidad medieval: Eleanor Plantagenet y las mujeres de su familia (siglos XII y XIIII)
Get PDFTesis doctoral con Mención InternacionalLos diversos estudios que sobre la reginalidad medieval se han realizado en los últimos años permiten vislumbrar la existencia de un modelo ideal de reina. Este arquetipo se encuentra caracterizado por una serie de virtudes, acciones y actitudes con las que la primera dama del reino debía identificarse. El presente trabajo pretende analizar estos arquetipos que las reinas medievales estaban llamadas a personificar, para descubrir su puesta en práctica en un conjunto de mujeres pertenecientes a la familia Plantagenet: Aliénor de Aquitania (1122-1204), Matilda Plantagenet (1156-1189), Eleanor Plantagenet (1160-1214), Joanna Plantagenet (1165-1199), Berenguela de Castilla (1180-1246) y Blanca de Castilla (1188-1252). Todas ellas formaron parte de una de las familias más influyentes de la Europa pleno medieval, extendiendo su dominio y su actividad política por la geografía europea. Las alianzas matrimoniales en las que estas mujeres de la alta nobleza y la realeza estaban implicadas contribuyeron a la creación de una cultura cortesana común, en la que el papel de la reina se fue definiendo y adquiriendo unas características propias.The various studies on medieval queenship that have been published in recent years provide a glimpse of the existence of an ideal model of queen. This model is characterised by a series of virtues, actions and attitudes with which the first lady of the kingdom should identified with. The present work aims to analyse these archetypes that medieval queens were called upon to personify, in order to discover, secondly, the acceptance and implementation of these archetypes, or their transgression, in a group of women belonging to the Plantagenet family: Aliénor of Aquitaine (1122-1204), Matilda Plantagenet (1156-1189), Eleanor Plantagenet (1160-1214), Joanna Plantagenet (1165-1199), Berenguela of Castile (1180-1246) and Blanche of Castile (1188-1252). They were all part of one of the most influential families in high medieval Europe, extending their dominion and political activity throughout Europe. The marriage alliances in which these noble and royal women participated, contributed to the creation of a common court culture, in which the role of the queen was gradually being defined and acquiring its own characteristics
Archaeomagnetic analyses on fumiers burned under controlled experimental conditions
Get PDFThe improvement of the archaeomagnetic dating method requires compiling new and older data of the Earth's magnetic field (EMF) variations for the last millennia. Combustion events from fumier sequences have been proposed as good directional EMF recorders. However, they are subjected to diverse taphonomical processes and how these affect the archaeomagnetic record has not yet been studied. In order to evaluate it, here we report the first archaeomagnetic and rock-magnetic results on samples from experimentally recreated fumiers since 2014 under controlled conditions. A facies description with unprecedent resolution was used to study the variation of magnetic properties in depth. Rock-magnetic analyses indicate a homogenous magnetic mineralogy dominated by pseudo-single domain magnetite as main carrier in all facies, with not very high and similar contribution of the finest (superparamagnetic) grains. The low values of anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) indicate that the studied sample set is mainly isotropic. The directional behaviour in well-preserved burned facies (here described as G, LM and DGB), are jointly characterized by highly reversible thermomagnetic curves, high Koenigberger (Qn) ratio values and intense, univectorial and normal polarity orthogonal NRM demagnetization diagrams. On the contrary, specimens affected by mechanical alteration processes are less magnetic and show anomalous directional behaviours. The high thermomagnetic reversibility of ashes indicates that they reached ca. 600–700 °C, in line with the thermocouples’ data. Temperatures of 460 °C were obtained for the DGB facies (subyacent black carbonaceous facies). Sampling of ashes located on the top of these combustion events should be avoided for archaeomagnetism. Being just beneath the last stabling episode they are the most prone to undergo mechanical alterations and do not preserve well the Earth's magnetic field direction. Despite their unlithified nature and the multiple taphonomic processes that fumier sequences may undergo, under certain quality criteria, they are valid geomagnetic field recorders providing both information of archaeological and geophysical interest.This research was funded by project PID 2019-105796 GB-I00 of the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI/10.13039/501100011033). Á.H.L. thanks the financial support of a Margarita Salas postdoctoral contract (2022–2024), funded by the Spanish Ministry of University & European Union-NextGenerationEU. The Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHES-CERCA) has received financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the “María de Maeztu” program for Units of Excellence (CEX 2019-000945-M). We are very grateful to Pere Domenech, for the facilities given to carry out the experimental program with his livestock and pen, as well as for his help and advice. We also thank Anton Vallvey and Ester Trullols, PNIN Poblet's directors, for their help and collaboration. Thanks are also due to the members of the brigades of maintenance of Poblet PNIN, for their help and support with the fieldwork and also to Aitor Burguet for his assistance with the sampling. The experimental program has been funded by MICINN project (PID 2021-122355NB-C32), the Generalitat de Catalunya (SGR 2017 1040) and the Municipality of Montblanc. The editors of this volume are kindly acknowledged for considering us for this contribution. We are also grateful to two anonymous reviewers for their useful and thoughtful comments which improved the manuscript