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Combining univariate approaches for ensemble change detection in multivariate data
Get PDFDetecting change in multivariate data is a challenging problem, especially when class labels are not available. There is a large body of research on univariate change detection, notably in control charts developed originally for engineering applications. We evaluate univariate change detection approaches —including those in the MOA framework — built into ensembles where each member observes a feature in the input space of an unsupervised change detection problem. We present a comparison between the ensemble combinations and three established ‘pure’ multivariate approaches over 96 data sets, and a case study on the KDD Cup 1999 network intrusion detection dataset. We found that ensemble combination of univariate methods consistently outperformed multivariate methods on the four experimental metrics.project RPG-2015-188 funded by The
Leverhulme Trust, UK; Spanish Ministry of Economy and
Competitiveness through project TIN 2015-67534-P and the Spanish
Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport through Mobility Grant
PRX16/00495. The 96 datasets were originally curated for use in the
work of Fernández-Delgado et al. [53] and accessed from the personal
web page of the author5. The KDD Cup 1999 dataset used in the case
study was accessed from the UCI Machine Learning Repository [10
Subcritical water as hydrolytic medium to recover and fractionate the protein fraction and phenolic compounds from craft brewer’s spent grain
Get PDFThe valorization of the brewer’s spent grain (BSG) generated in a craft beer industry was studied by subcritical water hydrolysis in a semi-continuous fixed-bed reactor. Temperature was varied from 125 to 185 °C at a constant flow rate of 4 mL/min. Biomass hydrolysis yielded a maximum of 78% of solubilized protein at 185 °C. Free amino acids presented a maximum level at 160 °C with a value of 55 mg free amino acids/gprotein-BSG. Polar amino acid presented a maximum at lower temperatures than non-polar amino acids. The maximum in total phenolic compounds was reached at 185 °C. This maximum is the same for aldehyde phenolic compounds such as vanillin, syringic and protocatechuic aldehyde; however, for hydroxycinnamic acids, such as ferulic acid and p-coumaric, the maximum was obtained at 160 °C. This allows a fractionation of the bioactive compounds. Subcritical water addresses opportunities for small breweries to be incorporated within the biorefinery concept.Agencia Estatal de Investigación [grant number PID2019-104950RB-I00 / AEI / 10.13039/501100011033] and the Junta de Castilla y León (JCyL) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) [grant numbers BU301P18 and BU050P20
Polymer film as starch azure container for the easy diastase activity determination in honey
Get PDFA new original application for a polyacrylic film based on the monomers 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (NNDA), 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (2HEA) and methylmethacrylate (MMA) as a starch azure container has been set up for a simple determination of honey diastase activity. The proposed method is based on the correlation of reducing sugars generated during the enzymatic process with the Schade reference assay. The polyacrylic film is charged with starch azure acting as a container for this substance; thus, the starch does not interfere in the measurement of reducing sugars, so that the diastase activity is easily calculated. The method has been contrasted with Schade method, showing good correlation and differences under 0.4% between methods in some honey samples. The polyacrylic film has great potential for the routine honey diastase activity assessment in small laboratories, dramatically reducing analysis time and cost.FEDER (Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional), and both the Spanish Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (MAT2017-84501-R) and the Consejería de Educación—Junta de Castilla y León (BU306P18 and BU041G18
Additivation of MoS2 nanosheets to synthetic poly-alpha-olefins base oils: A theoretical study of nanolubrication
Get PDFA theoretical study considering Density Functional Theory and classical Molecular Dynamics simulations is reported on the study of the behavior of model poly-α-olefins base oils interacting with 2D MoS2 monolayers. 2D materials offer a promising route to enhance anti wear and friction reduction. Among them, MoS2 show a set of specially favorable properties. The objective of the present work is to develop a nanoscopic characterization to show the roots of the use of 2D MoS2 monolayers as additives that reduce friction and wear with respect to plain lubricants. Three different types of hydrocarbons are considered, including the most relevant features of these oils: linear, star-like and branched compounds. The reported results show a large affinity of the three compounds for the monolayer surface, leading to very efficient adsorption guided by van der Waals interactions as well as by certain charge transfer toward the hydrocarbon. The development of adsorbed layers on the surface leads to changes in the base oil properties although being concentrated in a region close to the monolayer, with lower effects at larger distances. The presence of hydrocarbons with very different geometries hinders highly ordered molecular packing beyond the layer in direct contact with the surface. Nevertheless, the rearrangements on top of the MoS2 surface will lead to large changes in the base oil behavior for lubrication purposes, enhancing tribological and anti-wear properties of MoS2 nanosheet additivated poly-α-olefins base oils.European Union (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2016-SOLUTION-GA-721642 project
¿“Hormiguitas graciosas y amables”?: Falange, feminidad y cuerpo en los relatos de la revista Y (1940–45)
No full textTras 1939, la victoria de Franco en la Guerra Civil proporcionó a la dictadura la
legitimidad para (re)construir la identidad española combinando los preceptos del
ultracatolicismo y el fascismo. Sin embargo, las principales culturas políticas del régimen
no siempre estuvieron de acuerdo sobre el rol de las mujeres en la “nueva España”. El
presente artículo estudia el discurso de género elaborado por las escritoras en los relatos
publicados en la revista falangista Y entre 1940 y 1945. Los cuentos, pese a difundirse
desde un medio oficial, ofrecieron un ideal femenino alternativo. Las mujeres de Falange
supieron aprovechar las contradicciones del discurso hegemónico para construir desde su
posición subalterna una feminidad que cuestionaba la normativa. Como muestran los
cuentos, estas escritoras se reapropiaron del cuerpo femenino y lo pusieron al servicio del
Estado, defendiendo la participación de la mujer en el espacio público. La ficción inserta
en revistas como Y resultaría una tecnología de género idónea porque representa un
discurso supuestamente no ideológico escrito por mujeres y dirigido a lectoras
predispuestas al entretenimiento y la empatía.After 1939, Franco’s victory in the civil war provided his dictatorship with the legitimacy
to (re)construct Spanish identity combining the precepts of ultra-Catholicism and
Fascism. However, the main political cultures of the regime did not always agree on
women’s role in the “New Spain”. This article analyses the configurations of feminity
elaborated by women writers in the short stories published in the Falangist magazine Y
between 1940 and 1945. These tales, despite spreading in an official organ, offered an
alternative feminine ideal. Falange’s women were able to take advantage of the
hegemonic discourse contradictions to construct a femininity that questioned the
normative one. As the stories show, these writers re-appropriated the female body and put
it at the service of the State, defending the participation of women in the public space. Fiction inserted in magazines such as Y could be an efficient technology of gender
because it represented a supposedly non-ideological discourse written by women and
aimed at readers predisposed to entertainment and empath
Clase social, bienestar y afectividad general durante la pandemia de la COVID-19 en Iberoamérica
No full textLa actual pandemia de la COVID-19 ha supuesto un marcado incremento de las brechas sociales preexistentes. En esta investigación analizamos las relaciones de diferentes facetas de clase social con el bienestar y afectividad general a lo largo de un total de 8 países de la región cultural iberoamericana. Asimismo, también pusimos a prueba el potencial rol mediador del riesgo percibido relativo a la COVID-19 y de la eficacia colectiva percibida. Los resultados obtenidos (a) revelaron que una clase social más baja se relacionó con un menor bienestar y afecto positivo, así como con un mayor afecto negativo; (b) confirmaron que la clase social subjetiva constituye un mejor predictor del bienestar y afectividad general que el nivel educativo (i.e., indicador de clase social objetiva); y (c) mostraron que los efectos de la clase social subjetiva en el bienestar/afectividad general se daban de forma indirecta a través del riesgo percibido y la eficacia colectiva. Estos hallazgos confirman la existencia de diferencias en bienestar y afectividad general en función de la clase social durante la pandemia, al tiempo que permiten avanzar en la comprensión de los mecanismos psicosociales subyacentes.EstainvestigaciónhasidoposiblegraciasalosGobiernosdeEspaña(PID2020-115738GB-I0;PSI2017-84145-P; PSI2017-83966-R) y País Vasco (IT1187-19; PRE_2017_1_0405), la Universidad del País Vasco (DOCREC20/23), CONICYT (72180394) y la Universidad Viña del Mar(FIIUVM-EN-1904)
Pantallosos: mantenimiento de la lengua de herencia en la diáspora
No full textA través del análisis de un corpus de 12 testimonios de niños y niñas que han seguido en contacto con sus lenguas de herencia (LH) en distintos contextos virtuales, en el presente trabajo se analizan las potencialidades y carencias de los medios tecnológicos citados, así como las preferencias detectadas. Para acceder al entramado de creencias que este alumnado porta sobre su LH, se lanzó una propuesta de narración en la que se retrataran como aprendientes (en el caso de participar en clases virtuales), pero, especialmente, como consumidores globales de redes y canales en esas lenguas. El objetivo último sería no obviar estas representaciones, con vistas a incorporarlas en la formación de los futuros docentes en contextos multilingües. Los primeros resultados apuntan a una preferencia por la enseñanza presencial vs online, a un consumo televisivo compartido en familia y a una prevalencia del teléfono como anclaje con su comunidad de habla.Through the analysis of a corpus of 12 testimonies of children who have remained in contact with their heritage languages (HL) in different virtual contexts, this paper analyses the potentials and shortcomings of the aforementioned technological media, as well as the preferences detected. In order to get closer to the network of beliefs that these students hold about their HL, we launched a narrative proposal in which they would portray themselves as learners (in the case of participating in virtual classes), but, especially, as global consumers of networks and channels in these languages. The ultimate aim would be not to overlook these representations, with a view to incorporating them into the training of future teachers in multilingual contexts. The first results point to a preference for face-to-face vs. online teaching, shared television consumption in the family and a prevalence of the telephone as an anchor with their speech community
Las novatadas: el maltrato como diversión
No full textMiles de estudiantes de primero se avienen cada comienzo de curso a las novatadas universitarias. Algunos dicen que lo hacen por gusto, que es divertido. A los más arrojados y a los antiguos les molesta que los adultos les interrumpan o les afeen la ridiculización pública de compañeros, las voces e insultos, los juegos, la perversión y sexualización de alimentos y bebidas mientras consumen desaforadamente alcohol. Los que vivan en colegios mayores y residencias universitarias estarán prisioneros de sus compañeros las veinticuatro horas del día, aterrorizados. Los veteranos disfrutarán una vez más de su poder y del silencio impuesto. El que hable de más, el que se niegue o denuncie, vivirá el resto del año como un apestado. Es, dicen, una tradición.
Este libro aborda el fenómeno de las novatadas, sus justificaciones, su historicidad y costumbres, sus efectos, secuelas, conflictos psicológicos y sociales, problemas culturales, de género, etc. Un trabajo multidisciplinar y riguroso, también comprometido, que analiza la realidad universitaria española en un contexto de globalización y complejidad
Essential oils with antibacterial activity: possible uses and administration in the dental practice
No full textLa caries dental es una de las enfermedades
de mayor prevalencia a escala mundial, cuyas
consecuencias clínicas se encuentran relacionadas
directamente con la calidad de vida de los individuos.
Asimismo, la atención odontológica exige un elevado
costo y muchas veces lejos del alcance de ciertas
comunidades. Si bien esta enfermedad se produce por
la confluencia de distintos factores, uno de ellos es el
económico, por lo que se busca una opción medicinal
de bajo costo, y el abordaje a su vez de otro factor, tal
vez el más importante, que implica el desarrollo y
multiplicación del microorganismo iniciador de esta
enfermedad, que es Streptococcus mutans.
Actualmente se conoce el consumo de medicinas
de origen natural para el tratamiento de algunas
enfermedades, entre ellas, la caries. El uso y mecanismo
de acción de aceites esenciales que impidan el
desarrollo de S. mutans en el biofilm dental está siendo
investigado. El objetivo de este trabajo es actualizar
los conocimientos sobre la acción biocida de aceites
esenciales y sus posibles aplicaciones en odontología.Dental caries is one of the most prevalent
diseases worldwide, whose clinical
consequences are directly related to
the quality of life of individuals. Likewise,
dental care requires a high cost and
is often beyond the reach of certain
communities. Although this disease is
produced by the confluence of different
factors, one of them is the economic
factor, which is why a low-cost medicinal
alternative is sought, and the approach
in turn of another factor, perhaps the
most important, which implies the
development and multiplication of the
initiating microorganism of this disease
that is Streptococcus mutans.
Currently, the consumption of medicines
of natural origin is known for the
treatment of some diseases, including
tooth decay. The use of essential oils that
prevent the development of St. mutans in
dental biofilm is being investigated and
the objective of this work is to update the
knowledge about its biocidal action and
its applications in dentistry. The objective
of this work is to update the knowledge
on the biocidal action of essential oils and
their possible applications in dentistry