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El periodismo literario de Langston Hughes en España: estudio de la empatía narrativa en su corresponsalía de la Guerra Civil
No full textEn julio de 1937, Langston Hughes viaja a España como corresponsal para cubrir la guerra civil española. En un ejercicio de observación, comentario e interpretación, las crónicas del reconocido poeta afroamericano convertido en periodista literario aportan un retrato de una España contra la insurrección fascista que trasciende la normatividad del ejercicio periodístico. A través de la incorporación de un componente esencialmente subjetivo, Hughes dota a sus crónicas de un carácter pedagógico y transformador que persigue la liberación de raza y clase de las poblaciones oprimidas.
Esta tesis doctoral presenta un estudio pormenorizado del corpus de corresponsalía y examina los mecanismos que conducen a una identificación entre los mapas de opresión en España y EE. UU. El análisis llevado a cabo desgrana los mecanismos textuales que favorecen la aparición de empatía narrativa en el público lector a través de un abordaje detallado de la caracterización de los personajes de las crónicas.In July 1937, the African American writer Langston Hughes traveled to Spain as a correspondent to cover the Spanish Civil War. In an exercise of observation, commentary and interpretation, the dispatches of the celebrated poet turned literary journalist provide a portrait of a Spain against the fascist insurrection that transcends the reporting practice. Through the incorporation of an essentially subjective component, Hughes endows his dispatches with a pedagogical and transformative nature that pursues the racial and class liberation of oppressed populations.
This doctoral dissertation provides a detailed study of Hughes’ journalistic corpus and examines the mechanisms that lead to an identification between the contexts of oppression in Spain and the U.S. The analysis carried out unveils the textual mechanisms that elicit narrative empathy in the African American readership through a detailed approach to the characterization of the protagonists in Hughes’ dispatches
Manual del docente: fabricación de pulsadores mediante impresión 3D
Get PDFTrabajo realizado dentro del proyecto EURODDIP-e, cofinanciado por el programa europeo Erasmus+,Comisión Europe
Las TIC como herramienta de evaluación
Get PDFLa evaluación se ha tratado con frecuencia como un producto identificado con una calificación que se otorga a los estudiantes, no obstante, el concepto de evaluación hace referencia a un proceso esencial y continuo tanto en la enseñanza como en el aprendizaje. A lo largo de la historia, se han desarrollado diferentes técnicas y estrategias en función de los criterios con los que se evalúa y los objetivos a alcanzar. Por otro lado, las TIC han revolucionado el mundo de la enseñanza y, por lo tanto, también los procesos de evaluación. Pese a que la evaluación con herramientas TIC creaban un clima generalizado de desconfianza, la pandemia de la COVID-19 ha obligado a su uso y ha supuesto un punto de inflexión tanto para su desarrollo como para su expansión, de manera que existe una gran variedad de herramientas desarrolladas para responder a las necesidades de la comunidad educativa. Por último, se presenta una propuesta de evaluación con estas herramientas para una unidad de una clase de inglés con nivel C1 de una Escuela Oficial de Idiomas.Assessment has often been described as a product identified with a grade given to students, however, the concept of assessment refers to an essential and continuous process in both teaching and learning. Throughout history, different techniques and strategies have been developed depending on the criteria for assessment and the objectives to be achieved. On the other hand, ICT has revolutionised the world of teaching and, therefore, also the assessment processes. Although assessment with ICT tools generated a general atmosphere of mistrust, the COVID-19 pandemic has forced their use and has been a turning point for both their development and their expansion. As a result, a wide variety of tools have been developed to respond to the needs of the educational community. Finally, an evaluation proposal is presented using these tools for a unit in a C1 level English class in a Escuela Oficial de Idiomas
Aldol–Tishchenko Reaction of α-Oxy Ketones: Diastereoselective Synthesis of 1,2,3-Triol Derivatives
Get PDFα-Oxy ketones, easily accessible by conventional routes, can be selectively deprotonated generating an enolate intermediate, which upon treatment with paraformaldehyde undergoes an aldol–Tishchenko reaction, leading to relevant 1,2,3-triol fragments in a totally diastereoselective manner. The excellent stereocontrol in the generation of a quaternary stereocenter is attributed to stereoelectronic effects in the Evans intermediate. This methodology allows overcoming some limitations of our previously reported strategy, based on the reaction of α-lithiobenzyl ethers with esters and paraformaldehyde, broadening the scope of the obtained polyols. Synthetic applications of this process include the preparation of a new dilignol model and some functionalized oxetanes.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and
FEDER (CTQ2016-75023-C2-1-P), and Junta de Castilla y León and FEDER
(BU291P18, BU049P20). The project leading to these results has also
received funding from the “la Caixa” Foundation, under agreement
LCF/PR/PR18/51130007) (CAIXA-UBU001). A postdoctoral contract
(S.S.-P.) and a predoctoral contract (C.S.) were funded by Junta de Castilla
y León and FEDER and Ministerio de Educación (FPU), respectivel
Freeze-dried extract from onion (Allium cepa cv. Horcal) skin wastes: Extraction intensification and flavonoids identification
Get PDFIn this work, the intensification of the extraction of flavonoids from dry onion skin wastes (DOSW) by Ultrasound Assisted Extraction (UAE) was investigated. Conventional stirred tank extraction was used to find the optimal temperature (37 °C) and solvent (ethanol 70%, v/v), providing 20.7 ± 0.4 mg QE/g DOSW after 1 h. In the UAE process, the amplitude of oscillation and the solvent-to-solid ratio were key parameters to control the specific energy used. Energies above 10 kJ/g OSW did not increase the extraction yield (maximum flavonoids content was 23.9 ± 0.2 mg QE/g DOSW), which could be obtained using amplitudes of 40%, high solvent-to-solid ratios (30 mL/g DOSW) and extraction times below 5 min. Although both extraction techniques provided similar profiles of phenolic compounds, being quercetin and quercetin-4′-O-glucoside the main flavonoids (7.4 mg/g DOSW and 10.4 mg/g DOSW, respectively), UAE increased the productivity up to 11.6 mg QE/(g DOSW·min), seven times higher than conventional extraction. The extraction kinetics was modeled and studied. The optimum extract was freeze-dried resulting in a solid powder rich in flavonoids (21%) which kept 90% of the antioxidant activity after 180 days of storage at temperatures below 4 °C.Junta de Castilla y León (JCyL) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) [grant numbers BU301P18 and BU050P20] and the Agencia Estatal de Investigación [grant number PID2019-104950RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and PID2020-116716RJ-I00]. OBR’s postdoctoral contract through project BU301P18 is gratefully acknowledged. To JCyL and European Social Fund (ESF) for the contract of D. Benito-Bedoya and D. M. Aymara-Caiza through the YEI program, who participated in this work as technicians
Magnetic susceptibility in the European Loess Belt: New and existing models of magnetic enhancement in loess
Get PDFMagnetic susceptibility measurements play a key role in Quaternary studies. Magnetic proxies, such as low field and frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility, are widely applied in the reconstruction of terrestrial paleoclimate, e.g., in the study of loess-paleosol successions. In general, the interpretation of loess magnetic susceptibility signals is based on two commonly accepted models: the pedogenic magnetic enhancement and wind-vigour models. However, there are an increasing number of cases where such models cannot be used. These cases show unusual relationships between the two common loess magnetic susceptibility proxies: low field and frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility. Such relationships have been attributed to various phenomena including the dissolution of fine-grain minerals and the formation of ultrafine magnetic rims on the surface of coarser grains by weathering. Despite the growing number of these exceptional cases of magnetic enhancement, our knowledge about the occurrence and potential causes of the unusual behaviour of magnetic susceptibility parameters is still limited. This, in turn, hinders the wider application of magnetic susceptibility parameters in loess. To fill this knowledge gap, magnetic susceptibility data of various profiles from the European Loess Belt were collected and compared to reveal various enhancement trends in loess. Along with the analysis of magnetic susceptibility parameters, combined scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and rock magnetic analyses were applied to samples from the Paks loess sequence in Hungary to describe some of the irregular cases, notably the cause of increasing frequency-dependent susceptibility in non-altered sediments. Analysis of loess, paleosol and common mineral samples separated from loess (e.g., muscovite) revealed that various features may be responsible for these increasing frequency-dependent susceptibility values: i) surface weathering (maghemitization) of coarser detrital grains, ii) nanofragmentation by physical weathering and iii) the appearance of significant amounts of ultrafine magnetic inclusions in micas. These special modes of magnetic enhancement of loess do not undermine the importance of the basic theories suggested above, but rather provide three mechanisms that account for some of the increasing number of unusual cases. To aid in the wider and more accurate use of magnetic susceptibility parameters in loess, we review the current magnetic enhancement models with special emphasis on the identification of unusual trends in magnetic enhancement and understanding their drivers.Project BU235P18 (Junta de Castilla y Leon, Spain) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERD), project PID2019-108753GB-C21/AECI/ 10.13039/501100011033 of the Agencia Estatal de Investigación and project PID2019-105796GB-100/AECI/ 10.13039/501100011033 of the Agencia Estatal de Investigación. Part of the measurements were conducted during a fellowship awarded to B. Bradák at Kobe University, Japan, by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS; P15328). Part of this study was conducted within the cooperative research programme of the Center for Advanced Marine Core Research, Kochi University (15A001, 16A002, 17A016), with the support of the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC). The Swedish Research Council is gratefully acknowledged for funding to TS for part of this project (2017-03888)
Geochemical fingerprint of agricultural liming as a regular management practice in Modern-period Basque farming
No full textThe Modern period in Europe is marked by the introduction of deep agricultural changes. In the Basque Country (northern Spain), the implantation of an intensive crop rotation was made possible by the expansion of agricultural liming, although the extent and implications of this practice have not been previously explored in depth. The present paper proposes a multidisciplinary approach to this question, based on the combined analysis of archival sources, toponymy, visual prospection focused on the presence of limekilns, and agricultural soil coring in four local contexts of the Atlantic Basque Country. The results show, for the first time, evidence of concurrent and widespread liming in this territory at the edge of the 18th century, with strong implications for the model of agricultural management in the communities involved. The spreading of mineral fertilisation reflects an intensification in the forms of agricultural management, in the framework of a new relationship between land and labour that emerged after the introduction of American crops. Continuous liming for more than 200 years exerted a deep impact in the analysed soils, with interesting socio-economic and ecological implications that are representative of the potential short-term effects that changing relationship between humans and their socio-ecological environment may produce in agricultural soils.This paper is the result of two research projects carried out in 2016 and 2018 with the financial support of the provincial government of Gipuzkoa (Gipuzkoako Foru Aldundia). Logistic support was provided by the Municipalities of Zestoa, Alkiza and Zizurkil. Á. Carrancho's research was funded by the project BU235P18 (Junta de Castilla y León, Spain & European Regional Development Fund, ERDF) and the project PID2019-105796GB-I00 of the Spanish State Research Agency (AEI/10.13039/501100011033)
Estudio de la separación mediante procesos de membrana de compuestos bioactivos presentes en los extractos de hojas de olivo
Get PDFLas hojas de olivo son uno de los subproductos del cultivo del olivo y se consideran una materia prima barata que puede utilizarse como una buena fuente de compuestos bioactivos de alto valor añadido. Este subproducto contiene importantes cantidades de compuesto bioactivos lo cual hace muy atractivo su valorización. Por ello, en este trabajo se plantea en primer lugar la obtención de extractos acuosos (disolvente: 100% agua) e hidroalcohólicos (disolvente: 80% etanol y 20% agua) para su posterior fraccionamiento mediante membranas. Se observa que a mayor tamaño de poro de membrana menor retención de compuestos por la membrana y mayor concentración de compuestos en la fase permeado. Si el disolvente del extracto contiene etanol hace falta un acondicionamiento de la membrana anterior al fraccionamiento para que el flujo del proceso se estabilice y no se rompa la membrana. Finalmente se observa que una vez los flujos se estabilizan no hay prácticamente diferencias entre el flujo del extracto con solvente agua y el extracto con solvente hidroalcohólico. En segundo lugar, se caracterizan mediante HPLC los compuestos solubles en el disolvente de cada extracto llegando a caracterizar compuestos fenólicos como hidroxitirosol, rutina, verbascósido, luteolin-7-O-glucósido y oleuropeína e hidratos de carbono como manitol, glucosa, sacarosa, xilosa y arabinosa. Siendo el Luteolin-7-O-glucósido el compuesto fenólico mayoritario en extracto acuoso y la oleuropeína en extracto hidroalcohólico. Y el manitol como el carbohidrato mayoritario en ambos extractos.Olive leaves are one of the by-products of olive growing and are considered a cheap raw material that can be used as a good source of high added value bioactive compounds. This by-product contains significant amounts of bioactive compounds which makes its appreciation very attractive. For this reason, in this work it is first proposed to obtain aqueous extracts (solvent: 100% water) and hydroalcoholic extracts (solvent: 80% ethanol and 20% water) for their subsequent fractionation by membranes. It is observed that the larger membrane pore size, the lower retention of compounds by the membrane and the higher the concentration of compounds in the permeate phase. If the extract solvent contains ethanol, conditioning the membrane is required prior to fractionation so that the process flow is stabilized, and the membrane is not ruptured. Finally, it is observed that once the flows stabilize, there are practically no differences between the flow of the extract with water solvent and the extract with hydroalcoholic solvent. In the other hand, the compounds soluble in the solvent of each extract are characterized by HPLC, characterizing phenolic compounds such as hydroxytyrosol, rutin, verbascoside, luteolin-7-O-glucoside and oleuropein and characterizing carbohydrates such as mannitol, glucose, sucrose, xylose and arabinose. Luteolin-O-7-gluoside being the main phenolic compound in aqueous extract and oleuropein in hydroalcoholic extract and mannitol as the majority carbohydrate in both extracts. And mannitol as the majority carbohydrate in both extracts.Este trabajo ha sido desarrollado en el seno del Grupo de Investigación Biotecnología Industrial y Medioambiental, reconocido por la UBU (GIR-UBU BIOIND) y por la Junta de Castilla y León como Unidad de Investigación Consolidada UIC-128, en el marco de los siguientes proyectos de investigación:
• VALORIZACIÓN DE LA FRACCIÓN PROTEICA DE SUBPRODUCTOS DE LA INDUSTRIA AGROALIMENTARIA DE CASTILLA Y LEÓN MEDIANTE TECNOLOGÍAS DE FLUIDOS PRESURIZADOS (PROVALOR), financiado por la Junta de Castilla y León y el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (BU050P20).
• VALORIZACIÓN DE SUBPRODUCTOS MARINOS MEDIANTE TECNOLOGÍAS DE FLUIDOS SUB- Y SUPERCRÍTICOS PARA LA OBTENCIÓN DE BIOCOMPUESTOS VALIOSOS, financiado por la Agencia Estatal de Investigación (PID2019-104950RB-I00 / AEI / 10.13039/501100011033).
• VALORIZACIÓN INTEGRAL DE SUBPRODUCTOS DE LA INDUSTRIA AGROALIMENTARIA MEDIANTE TECNOLOGÍAS EMERGENTES (ALVALOR), financiado por la Junta de Castilla y León y el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (BU301P18)
La geometría de 3º de la ESO y su contextualización en la Catedral de Burgos
No full textEn el presente trabajo fin de master se diseña una propuesta didáctica novedosa, para impartir
el bloque de contenidos de geometría, correspondiente al 3er curso de la ESO de la asignatura
de matemáticas orientadas a las enseñanzas académicas. Los resultados de nuestro país en
matemáticas están por debajo de la media de la UE y de la OCDE y, en 2018, ha habido un
empeoramiento de los resultados. Para favorecer el aprendizaje de la geometría en el alumnado
y que éste sea significativo, se desarrolla la presente propuesta didáctica a través del desarrollo
de un proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en un marco contextualizado en un escenario real que
conocen los alumnos. El espacio didáctico elegido es la Catedral de Burgos, que este año resulta
ser su octavo centenario, y que es Patrimonio de la Humanidad desde 1984. La práctica
didáctica se realizará combinando en las clases ciertas actividades o problemas sobre
determinados aspectos geométricos de la Catedral de Burgos y la realización de un proyecto de
diseño de una vivienda siguiendo los patrones geométricos del gótico. La propuesta también se
apoya en la utilización de las TIC así como en el dibujo gráfico.In this final master's work, a novel didactic proposal is designed to teach the geometry content
block, corresponding to the 3rd year of ESO of the mathematics subject oriented to academic
education. Our country's results in mathematics are below the EU and OECD average and, in
2018, there has been a worsening of the results. In order to favour the learning of geometry in
students and make it meaningful, this didactic proposal is developed through the development
of a teaching-learning process in a contextualised framework in a real scenario that the students
know. The didactic space chosen is the Cathedral of Burgos, which this year marks its eighth
centenary, and which has been a World Heritage Site since 1984. The didactic practice will be
carried out by combining certain activities or problems on certain geometric aspects of the
Cathedral of Burgos and the realization of a design project for a house following the geometric
patterns of the Gothic style. The proposal is also supported by the use of ICT and graphic
drawing