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One-Pot Diastereoselective Synthesis of Pyrrolopiperazine-2,6-diones by a Ugi/Nucleophilic Substitution/N-Acylation Sequence
Get PDFThe diastereoselective synthesis of two families of pyrrolopiperazine-2,6-diones is presented. These compounds were prepared by one-pot Ugi/nucleophilic substitution/N-acylation/debenzoylation/(elimination) sequences. This novel route provides straightforward access to a wide variety of pyrrolopiperazine-2,6-diones with high chemical yields and complete diastereoselectivities. The proposed synthetic strategy poses a significant improvement compared to the syntheses of pyrrolopiperazine-2,6-diones previously described, as it allows introduction of different substituents to the C4 position and the diastereoselective generation of a new stereogenic center on the bridgehead carbon (C8a).Funding from Consejería de Educación de la Junta de Castilla y León and FEDER (project BU075G19 and project BU067P20) and MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (grant PID2020-117610RB-I00) is gratefully acknowledged. B.G.-S. and J.G.-A. thank Consejería de Educación de la Junta de Castilla y León for their predoctoral contracts. We also thank Inés María del Olmo for her contributions to the synthesis of some of the reported compounds
Productos de apoyo de bajo coste: experiencia de innovación docente basada en la metodología de aprendizaje y servicio, proyecto Contigo soy capaz
Get PDFLos productos de apoyo de bajo coste, al ser altamente personalizables, ofrecen a las personas con discapacidad la posibilidad de mejorar su independencia y su calidad de vida; sin embargo, el diseño de éstos y su fabricación posterior no está al alcance de todos. El libro recoge los resultados de una experiencia de innovación docente que tres profesores de la Universidad de Burgos han llevado a cabo; basándose en la metodología aprendizaje y servicio (APYS), estudiantes de los Grados de Terapia Ocupacional y de Ingeniería de Organización Industrial, han trabajado durante tres cursos académicos para resolver problemas reales (informados por las asociaciones de personas con discapacidad). Equipos multidisciplinares han creado, diseñado y fabricado productos necesarios para personas con discapacidad mediante la tecnología de impresión aditiva. Este libro muestra un catálogo de los mismos.
El libro es un compendio de trabajo colaborativo interdisciplinar, aprendizaje transversal y servicio a la comunidad; una labor que aúna la transferencia de conocimiento que han llevado a cabo los profesores y el trabajo académico que ha desarrollado el alumnado mediante la metodología APYS.El proyecto Contigo Soy Capaz ha sido financiado a través de la convocatorias I, II y III DE PROYECTOS DE INNOVACIÓN DOCENTE Y TRANSFORMACIÓN SOCIAL EN APRENDIZAJE Y SERVICIO, por la Universidad de Burgos y el Ayuntamiento de Burgos
Easy Nitrite Analysis of Processed Meat with Colorimetric Polymer Sensors and a Smartphone App
Get PDFWe have developed an in situ methodology for determining nitrite concentration in processed meats that can also be used by unskilled personnel. It is based on a colorimetric film-shaped sensory polymer that changes its color upon contacting the meat and a mobile app that automatically calculates the manufacturing and residual nitrite concentration by only taking digital photographs of sensory films and analyzing digital color parameters. The film-shaped polymer sensor detects nitrite anions by an azo-coupling reaction, since they activate this reaction between two of the four monomers that the copolymer is based on. The sensory polymer is complemented with an app, which analyzes the color in two different digital color spaces (RGB and HSV) and performs a set of 32 data fittings representing the concentration of nitrite versus eight different variables, finally providing the nitrite concentration of the test samples using the best fitting curve. The calculated concentration of nitrite correlates with a validated method (ISO 2918: 1975) usually used to determine nitrite, and no statistically significant difference between these methods and our proposed one has been found in our study (26 meat samples, 8 prepared, and 18 commercial). Our method represents a great advance in terms of analysis time, simplicity, and orientation to use by average citizens.The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by all funders. S.V. received funding from “La Caixa” Foundation (Grant LCF/PR/PR18/51130007). J.M.G. received funding from “Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación” (Grant PID2020-113264RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033). The authors also appreciate the support and collaboration of the company Inforapps for the development of the smartphone application “Colorimetric Titration”
The role of indolyl substituents in squaramide-based anionophores
Get PDFA new family of squaramide-based anionophores (L1–L8) have been synthesised and fully characterised with the aim to investigate the effect of indolyl substituents on their anion binding and transmembrane transport properties. L1, L2, L6, and L8, bearing a 7-indolyl/indol-7-yl moiety as the substituent, were found to be the most efficient of the series in binding chloride with high stability constants. L1, L6, and L8 were also found to be the most potent anionophores of the series, able to mediate transmembrane anion transport. In particular, L6 bearing the 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl group was found to be the most active transporter, and its efficiency as an anionophore/anion transporter was favourably compared with that of their symmetrically-substituted squaramide analogues L9 and L10, previously reported in the literature.Consejería de Educación de la Junta de Castilla y León (project BU067P20) and the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (project PID2020-117610RB-I00). I. C.-B. and D. A.-C. thank the Consejería de Educación de la Junta de Castilla y León, the European Social Fund (ESF) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) for their post-doctoral (I. C.-B.) and pre-doctoral (D. A.-C.) contracts. The authors gratefully acknowledge Andrea Sancho-Medina for her contributions to transmembrane anion transport experiments. Financial support from MIUR (PRIN 2017 project 2017EKCS35) is gratefully acknowledged by C. C. and G. P. along with the Università degli Studi di Cagliari (FIR 2016-2019) and the Fondazione di Sardegna (FdS Progetti Biennali di Ateneo, annualità 2020, project F75F21001260007)
Urban planning and the recent transformation of medium-sized Spanish cities (1979-2019)
Get PDFLas áreas urbanas articuladas por ciudades medias han experimentado los crecimientos más intensos del sistema urbano español durante las últimas cuatro décadas. La expansión de estas ciudades hacia sus periferias se ha intensificado en una etapa de fuertes cambios, con el máximo exponente de los crecimientos acontecidos durante la década prodigiosa del boom inmobiliario, entre 1997 y 2007. Como norma general, durante este período las ciudades medias han incrementado leve o moderadamente su población, pero han multiplicado exponencialmente su parque inmobiliario y su superficie urbanizada. Ello ha supuesto la alteración de sus tradicionales estructuras, en general relativamente compactas y densas hasta el momento, abriendo el debate sobre la configuración de espacios urbanos dispersos y fragmentados. En la última década, los crecimientos se han ralentizado y se ha planteado la aparición de un urbanismo más contenido, que reconsidere la pauta de la clasificación masiva de nuevos suelos urbanizables. Sin embargo, el análisis del planeamiento municipal reciente plantea una contradicción en el modelo, ya que parece persistir la expectativa urbanizadora. De hecho, la estrategia urbanística en ciudades medias parece seguir centrada en propuestas de extensión.Urban areas articulated by medium-sized cities have experienced the most intense growth in the Spanish urban system during the last four decades. The expansion of these cities towards their peripheries has intensified in a period of strong changes, with the maximum exponent of the growth that occurred during the prodigious decade of the real estate boom, between 1997 and 2007. As a general rule, during this period medium-sized cities have their population increased slightly or moderately, but they have exponentially multiplied their housing stock and their urbanized area. This has meant the alteration of their traditional structures, generally relatively compact and dense, opening the debate on the configuration of sprawl and fragmented urban spaces. In the last decade, growth has slowed down and the appearance of a more contained urbanism has been proposed, which reconsiders the pattern of the massive classification of new developable land. However, the analysis of recent municipal planning raises a contradiction in the model, since the urbanization expectation seems to persist. In fact, the urban strategy in medium-sized cities it seems to continue to focus on extension proposals
The vulnerability and disappearance of industrial heritage in spanish cities: Burgos showcase
Get PDFBuena parte de las ciudades españolas atesora un interesante legado de la cultura industrial contemporánea que se encuentra en franca situación de vulnerabilidad. Pese a los notables avances habidos en las últimas décadas en la consideración del patrimonio industrial y su catalogación, son todavía muchos los espacios urbanos en los que encontramos un amplio conjunto de bienes sin protección cultural ni urbanística. Se trata de un legado olvidado, desprotegido y, en muchos casos, ya desaparecido o en proceso de desmantelamiento. Esta lamentable circunstancia es, si cabe, aún más llamativa en aquellas ciudades con un alto índice de actividad productiva, en las que la pérdida de este patrimonio cultural afecta severamente a su identidad urbana. Es el caso de Burgos, una ciudad industrial sin patrimonio. Se trata del décimo conjunto urbano del país en suelo industrial y el duodécimo en empleo manufacturero, si bien no se han conservado fábricas e instalaciones industriales que, al no valorarse y protegerse adecuadamente, se han ido degradando y desmantelando. Esta contribución identifica y analiza la desaparición de estos bienes, reflexiona sobre la historia y el significado del escaso legado que se mantiene y realiza un inventario de este patrimonio, constatando su desprotección.Many of the Spanish cities treasure an interesting legacy of contemporary industrial culture that is in a clear situation of vulnerability. Despite the notable advances in recent decades in the attention given to industrial heritage and its cataloguing, there are still many urban spaces in which we find a wide range of assets without cultural or urban protection. It is a forgotten legacy, unprotected and, in many cases, already vanished or in the process of being dismantled. This unfortunate circumstance is, if any, even more striking in those cities with a high index of productive activity, in which the loss of this cultural heritage severely affects their urban identity. This is the case of Burgos, an industrial city without heritage. It is the tenth urban complex in the country in industrial land and the twelfth in manufacturing employment, although factories and industrial facilities have not been preserved and, as they are not properly valued and protected, have been degraded and dismantled. This contribution identifies and analyses the disappearance of these assets, reflects on the history and meaning of the little legacy that is maintained and makes an inventory of this heritage, noting its lack of protection
GHI-GHUV Dataset
No full textDataset of 10-minute global horizontal irradiance and global horizontal ultraviolet irradiance values measured at the radiometric station of the SWIFT Research Group, Burgos (Spain)
Monitoring the performance of wastewater treatment plants for organic matter removal using excitation-emission matrix fluorescence
Get PDFThis study has assessed the usefulness of excitation-emission matrix fluorescence (EEMF) as a fast and simple
analytical technique to track changes in dissolved organic matter (DOM) during the sequence of treatment in
wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Three different industrial wastewaters and treatment plants have been
studied in this work: an industrial park wastewater treated in an independent line at the Burgos WWTP (Spain), a
food industry wastewater (crisps and snacks manufacturing) that was treated in a MBR (Membrane Biological
Reactor) pilot plant (University of Burgos) and a municipal landfill leachate treated in a physicochemical
treatment plant within the same landfill.
Removal percentages for the wastewater organic matter at each stage of the treatment plants were successfully
obtained by monitoring the main fluorescence peaks: protein-like peaks (tryptophan-like peaks T1, T2 and
tyrosine-like peaks B1, B2), humic-like peaks (fulvic-like peak A and humic-like peak C) and microbially-derived
peak M. Therefore, EEMF readily allows the assessment of the reactivity of the different types of organic matter
towards specific treatments, such as clarification, biodegradation, filtration, etc. Among the wastewaters studied,
the food industry wastewater exhibited the greater diversity of fluorescence peaks (B1, B2, T1, T2, A1, A2 and M)
whereas the landfill leachate only showed the presence of humic substances (mainly humic-like peak C). This
study has demonstrated that EEMF is a useful and user-friendly technique to monitor the performance of
wastewater treatment plants for organic matter removal, allowing a rapid response to potential problems in the
treatment
BOUBU Nº 206, suplemento Relación de Puestos de Trabajo del personal docente e investigador
No full textComparative toxicological assessment of three soils polluted with different levels of hydrocarbons and heavy metals using in vitro and in vivo approaches
Get PDFThe biological effects induced by the pollutants present in soils, together with the chemical and physical characterizations, are good indicators to provide a general overview of their quality. However, the existence of
studies where the toxicity associated to soils contaminated with mixtures of pollutants applying both in vitro and
in vivo models are scarce. In this work, three soils (namely, Soil 001, Soil 002 and Soil 013) polluted with
different concentrations of hydrocarbons and heavy metals were evaluated using different organisms representative of human (HepG2 human cell line) and environmental exposure (the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the
Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas putida and, for the in vivo evaluation, the annelid Enchytraeus crypticus). In
vitro assays showed that the soluble fraction of the Soil 001, which presented the highest levels of heavy metals,
represented a great impact in the viability of the HepG2 cells and S. cerevisiae, while organic extracts from Soils
002 and 013 caused a slight decrease in the viability of HepG2 cells. In addition, in vivo experiments showed that
Soils 001 and 013 affected the survival and the reproduction of E. crypticus. Altogether, these results provide a
general overview of the potential hazards associated to three specific contaminated sites in a variety of organisms, showing how different concentrations of similar pollutants affect them, and highlights the relevance of
testing both organic and soluble extracts when in vitro safety assays of soils are performed.This work received funding from the GREENER project of the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Grant Agreement No. 826312). S. Curiel-Alegre was granted with a predoctoral contract by Junta de Castilla y León and the European Social Fund (ORDEN EDU/1508/2020, de 15 de diciembre). We thank Mireya Pedrero and Andrea Martínez for their technical support. We also thank Institute of Technology Carlow and Shandong Academy of Sciences for kindly providing us with soil samples